我正在尝试用Java 11运行powermock + mockito进行单元测试用例。我正在使用以下版本：
testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
testCompile group: 'org.mockito', name: 'mockito-core', version: '2.28.2'
testCompile group: 'org.powermock', name: 'powermock-api-mockito2', version: '2.0.2'
testCompile group: 'org.powermock', name: 'powermock-module-junit4', version: '2.0.2'
经过大量的试验和错误，我让测试开始使用Java 11执行，但无法运行具有Java 11 http客户端静态块的测试。我添加了
@PowerMockIgnore({"javax.management.*", "sun.security.ssl.*", "javax.net.ssl.*", "java.net.http.*", "jdk.internal.net.http.*"})
但仍然无法让它工作。例外情况是
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InaccessibleObjectException: Unable to make public java.net.http.HttpClient$Builder jdk.internal.net.http.HttpClientBuilderImpl.priority(int) accessible: module java.net.http does not "exports jdk.internal.net.http" to unnamed module @548b7f67
下面是完整的堆栈跟踪：
WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.powermock.reflect.internal.WhiteboxImpl (file:/Users/subhomoysikdar/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.powermock/powermock-reflect/2.0.2/79df0e5792fba38278b90f9e22617f5684313017/powermock-reflect-2.0.2.jar) to method java.lang.Object.clone()
WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.powermock.reflect.internal.WhiteboxImpl
WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedSerializationConstructorAccessor4.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:490)
at org.objenesis.instantiator.sun.SunReflectionFactoryInstantiator.newInstance(SunReflectionFactoryInstantiator.java:48)
at org.objenesis.ObjenesisBase.newInstance(ObjenesisBase.java:73)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.instance.ObjenesisInstantiator.newInstance(ObjenesisInstantiator.java:19)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.SubclassByteBuddyMockMaker.createMock(SubclassByteBuddyMockMaker.java:47)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.ByteBuddyMockMaker.createMock(ByteBuddyMockMaker.java:25)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.mockmaker.PowerMockMaker.createMock(PowerMockMaker.java:41)
at org.mockito.internal.util.MockUtil.createMock(MockUtil.java:35)
at org.mockito.internal.MockitoCore.mock(MockitoCore.java:62)
at org.mockito.Mockito.mock(Mockito.java:1908)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.internal.mockcreation.DefaultMockCreator.createMethodInvocationControl(DefaultMockCreator.java:108)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.internal.mockcreation.DefaultMockCreator.doCreateMock(DefaultMockCreator.java:61)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.internal.mockcreation.DefaultMockCreator.createMock(DefaultMockCreator.java:53)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.internal.mockcreation.DefaultMockCreator.mock(DefaultMockCreator.java:40)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito.mockStatic(PowerMockito.java:62)
at com.vmware.hcs.broker.broker.catalogue.util.TenantCacheTest.test(TenantCacheTest.java:29)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.internal.runners.TestMethod.invoke(TestMethod.java:68)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:326)
at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie$2.run(MethodRoadie.java:89)
at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(MethodRoadie.java:97)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:310)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTestInSuper(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:131)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.access$100(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:59)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner$TestExecutorStatement.evaluate(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:147)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.evaluateStatement(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:107)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:82)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:298)
at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runTest(MethodRoadie.java:87)
at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.run(MethodRoadie.java:50)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.invokeTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:218)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.runMethods(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:160)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$1.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:134)
at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runUnprotected(ClassRoadie.java:34)
at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runProtected(ClassRoadie.java:44)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:136)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.run(JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.java:117)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.run(AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.java:57)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner.run(PowerMockRunner.java:59)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.reflect.InaccessibleObjectException: Unable to make public java.net.http.HttpClient$Builder jdk.internal.net.http.HttpClientBuilderImpl.priority(int) accessible: module java.net.http does not "exports jdk.internal.net.http" to unnamed module @548b7f67
at com.ConfigServiceRestClient.<clinit>(ConfigServiceRestClient.java:68)
... 48 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InaccessibleObjectException: Unable to make public java.net.http.HttpClient$Builder jdk.internal.net.http.HttpClientBuilderImpl.priority(int) accessible: module java.net.http does not "exports jdk.internal.net.http" to unnamed module @548b7f67
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject.checkCanSetAccessible(AccessibleObject.java:340)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject.checkCanSetAccessible(AccessibleObject.java:280)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.checkCanSetAccessible(Method.java:198)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.setAccessible(Method.java:192)
at org.powermock.reflect.internal.WhiteboxImpl.doGetAllMethods(WhiteboxImpl.java:1499)
at org.powermock.reflect.internal.WhiteboxImpl.getAllMethods(WhiteboxImpl.java:1473)
at org.powermock.reflect.internal.WhiteboxImpl.getMethods(WhiteboxImpl.java:1741)
at org.powermock.reflect.internal.WhiteboxImpl.getMethods(WhiteboxImpl.java:1780)
at org.powermock.reflect.internal.WhiteboxImpl.getBestMethodCandidate(WhiteboxImpl.java:999)
at org.powermock.core.MockInvocation.findMethodToInvoke(MockInvocation.java:58)
at org.powermock.core.MockInvocation.init(MockInvocation.java:35)
at org.powermock.core.MockInvocation.<init>(MockInvocation.java:22)
at org.powermock.core.MockGateway.doMethodCall(MockGateway.java:155)
at org.powermock.core.MockGateway.methodCall(MockGateway.java:138)
at com.ConfigServiceRestClient.<clinit>(ConfigServiceRestClient.java:62)
... 48 more
如果您实际显示创建HttpClient的位置，这将更容易回答，但我确实假设它是这样创建的？
class SomeClass {
private static final HttpClient CLIENT;
static {
CLIENT = HttpClient.newBuilder()
...
...
.build();
}
}
在这种情况下，您的测试类中需要一些东西：
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(value = SomeClass.class)
@PowerMockIgnore({"javax.net.ssl.*"})
@SuppressStaticInitializationFor({"SomeClass"}) // fully qualified name in here
class SomeClassTest {
@Before
public void before(){
Whitebox.setInternalState(SomeClass.class, "CLIENT", (HttpClient) null);
}
}
关键点是您需要通过以下方式"禁用"静态块：
@SuppressStaticInitializationFor.
当你使用注解：@PrepareForTest时，最终，Mockito将尝试找到HttpClientBuilderImpl的方法(这反过来又是HttpClient.newBuilder()的结果，而又从你拥有的static {}块中调用(。
java client的模块化意味着jdk.internal.net.http.HttpClientBuilderImpl不是"出口"的，所以没有人可以真正使用它(即使它是public(。 Mockito ，在内部，尝试找到所有HttpClientBuilderImpl方法，看看它是否可以访问它们。在您的情况下，它已经看到HttpClientBuilderImpl.priority(int)不是这样的方法并且失败了。
我今天遇到了这个问题，并将分享我的解决方案，希望它能有所帮助。要记住的几件事：
- 我正在使用 Spring Boot，但如果您不是，t 应该是一种类似的方法。
- 我的服务采用 HttpClient 参数来允许传入模拟。
// The interface
public interface TestService {
String myEndpoint();
}
// The service that uses a Java 11 HTTP Client
public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {
private final HttpClient client;
public TestServiceImpl(HttpClient client) {
this.client = client;
}
@Override
public String myEndpoint() {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(
UriComponentsBuilder.fromHttpUrl("https://service.com")
.path("/the-endpoint/")
.build()
.toUri()
)
.header(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
.build();
try {
HttpResponse<String> response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString());
return response.body();
} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("uh oh", e);
}
}
}
// Test with mocks
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
public class TestServiceTest {
@MockBean
private HttpClient httpClient;
private TestService testService;
@BeforeEach
public void before() {
testService = new TestServiceImpl(httpClient);
}
@Test
public void testSomething() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
byte[] testBytes = "pdfBytes".getBytes();
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(
UriComponentsBuilder.fromHttpUrl("https://service.com")
.path("/the-endpoint/")
.build()
.toUri()
)
.header(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
.build();
// You could make a utility class with some static methods to help you build these
// and optionally set things like status for various test cases.
HttpResponse<String> response = new HttpResponse<>() {
@Override
public int statusCode() {
return 200;
}
@Override
public HttpRequest request() {
return null;
}
@Override
public Optional<HttpResponse<String>> previousResponse() {
return Optional.empty();
}
@Override
public java.net.http.HttpHeaders headers() {
return null;
}
@Override
public String body() {
return "myContent";
}
@Override
public Optional<SSLSession> sslSession() {
return Optional.empty();
}
@Override
public URI uri() {
return null;
}
@Override
public HttpClient.Version version() {
return HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2;
}
};
given(httpClient.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()))
.willReturn(response);
assertThat(testService.myEndpoint()).isEqualTo("myContent");
}
}