"TypeError: argument 1 must be pygame.Surface, not method"错误蟒蛇

Question

我正在开发一个游戏，似乎在这里遇到了一些问题。这是我第一次使用精灵表，所以如果我的错误很简单，我深表歉意。

对于大量的代码，我提前道歉，但不幸的是，我相信问题可能出在这个代码的任何地方。我收到的错误说"类型错误：参数 1 必须是 pygame。表面，而不是方法 ".这指的是 all_sprites.draw(screen) 命令。我知道屏幕格式正确，所以不是那样。我的老师说很可能是任何精灵。其中一个格式不正确，或者没有与图像正确交互。如果您找到我的问题的解决方案，请告诉我，我再次为代码的大部分内容道歉。 谢谢！

(我标记了我的不同文件btw，gsettings，gmain和gsprites。你可以看到我在进口中使用它们，应该没什么大不了的，只是想我会澄清)

完全例外 '

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/AddisonWeatherhead/PycharmProjects/PyGame/Game 2/gmain.py", line 191, in <module>
game_play()
File "/Users/AddisonWeatherhead/PycharmProjects/PyGame/Game 2/gmain.py", line 128, in game_play
all_sprites.draw(screen)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pygame/sprite.py", line 475, in draw
self.spritedict[spr] = surface_blit(spr.image, spr.rect)
TypeError: argument 1 must be pygame.Surface, not method
Process finished with exit code 1

格赛特

WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0,)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
GRAY = (180, 180, 180)
MAROON = (128, 0, 0)
NAVY = (0, 0, 128)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
LIGHT_GRAY = (250, 250, 250)
LIGHT_BLUE = (144, 195, 212)
DISPLAY_WIDTH = 800
DISPLAY_HEIGHT = 800
FPS=60

精灵

class sprite_sheet():
def __init__ (self, filename):
self.spritesheet = pygame.image.load(filename)
def get_image(self, x, y, width, height):
image = pygame.Surface((width, height))
image.blit(self.spritesheet, (0,0), (x, y, width, height))
return image

class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, hero_left_list, hero_right_list, left_shoot, right_shoot):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.hero_left_list=hero_left_list
self.hero_right_list=hero_right_list
self.left_shoot=left_shoot
self.right_shoot=right_shoot
self.image = self.hero_right_list[0]
self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.x=self.rect.x
self.rect.y=self.rect.y
self.changex=0 #Horizontal movement speed
self.changey=0 #Vertical movement speed
self.current_frame=0
self.delay=50 #In millisecond, this will be the delay BETWEEN each frame of a spritesheet (character walking, explosion exploding, etc)
self.last=pygame.time.get_ticks() #gets the time in milliseconds since pygame.init() was called
self.running_right=False
self.running_left=False
def update(self):
self.rect.x+=self.changex
self.rect.y+=self.changey

if pygame.key.get_pressed()[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.now=pygame.time.get_ticks() #also gets the time in milliseconds since pygame.init() was called, however this time its LATER than self.delay
self.running_right=True
self.changex=5
if self.now - self.last >self.delay: #Confirming that at least 5 milliseconds has passed since the last call of the function
self.last=self.now
self.current_frame=(self.current_frame+1)%(int(len(self.hero_right_list)))
self.image=self.hero_right_list[self.current_frame]
self.image=sprite_sheet("hero.png").get_image
elif pygame.key.get_pressed()[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.running_left=True
self.changey=5
self.image=sprite_sheet.get_image("hero.png", )
elif pygame.key.get_pressed()[pygame.K_UP]:
self.running_left=False
self.running_right=False
self.image=sprite_sheet.get_image("hero.png")

格曼

import pygame
from gsettings import *
from gsprites import *
import time
pygame.init()

clock = pygame.time.Clock()
##########################################################################################
def score(score, lives):
background = sprite_sheet("background.jpg").get_image(0, 0, 800, 800)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT))
screen.blit(background, [0,0])
font = pygame.font.SysFont('Impact', 40, True, False)
text = font.render(('Score'+str(score)), True, WHITE)
screen.blit(text, (200, 50))
##########################################################################################
def game_start():
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT))
text = "Press enter to play"
font = pygame.font.SysFont('Impact', 50, True, False)
text_render=font.render(text, True, BLACK)
background=sprite_sheet("background.jpg").get_image(0, 0, 800, 800)
screen.blit(background, [0, 0])
started=False
while started == False:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
quit()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
quit()
sprite_sheet("background.jpg").get_image(0, 0, 800, 800)
screen.blit(text_render, [(DISPLAY_WIDTH / 2) - 150, (DISPLAY_HEIGHT / 2)])
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
screen.blit(background, [0, 0])
print('last')
return True

print(started)
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(FPS)
##########################################################################################
def game_play():
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT))
hero_right_list = []
for x in range(6):
for y in range(2, 3):
right_image = sprite_sheet("hero.png").get_image(80 * x, 94 * y, 80, 94)
hero_right_list.append(right_image)
# Player is 80 wide 94 tall

hero_left_list = []
for image in hero_right_list:
hero_left_list.append(pygame.transform.flip(image, True, False))

explosion_list = []
for x in range(25):
for y in range(1, 2):
explosion_image = sprite_sheet("Explosion.png").get_image(192 * x, 195 * y, 192, 195)
explosion_list.append(explosion_image)

shoot_right=(sprite_sheet("hero.png").get_image(0, 94*3, 80, 94))
shoot_left=pygame.transform.flip(shoot_right, True, False)
#Creating Sprite groups
all_sprites=pygame.sprite.Group()
enemy_sprites=pygame.sprite.Group()
player_sprite=pygame.sprite.Group()
laser_sprites=pygame.sprite.Group()
explosion_sprite=pygame.sprite.Group()

#sprite objects
player=Player(hero_left_list, hero_right_list, shoot_left, shoot_right)
all_sprites.add(player)
player_sprite.add(player)

for val in range(10):
enemy_right=Enemy('right')
enemy_left=Enemy('left')
enemy_sprites.add(enemy_right)
enemy_sprites.add(enemy_left)
all_sprites.add(enemy_right)
all_sprites.add(enemy_left)
global game_score
game_score = 0

started=True
while started==True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
# events to end the game
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
quit()
player.update()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
player.image=shoot_right
laser_hits=pygame.sprite.groupcollide(laser_sprites, enemy_sprites, True, True)
for hit in laser_hits:
game_score+=5
explosion=Explosion(explosion_list)
explosion_sprite.add(explosion)
all_sprites.add(explosion)
enemy=Enemy()
enemy_sprites.add(enemy)
all_sprites.add(enemy)
score(score, 5)
#enemy_sprites.draw(screen) #NO ISSUES
#explosion_sprite.draw(screen) #NO ISSUES
#laser_sprites.draw(screen) #NO ISSUES
player_sprite.draw(screen) #ISSUES

pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(FPS)
##########################################################################################
def game_over(score):
over_screen=pygame.display.set_mode([DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT])
clock.tick(FPS)
end_message_1="GAME OVER!"
end_message_2="Your score was", score
end_message_3="Replay"
end_message_4="Quit"
font = pygame.font.SysFont('Comic Sans', 75, True, False)
#rendering text
end_message_1_render=font.render(end_message_1, True, RED)
end_message_2_render=font.render(end_message_2, True, BLACK)
end_message_3_render=font.render(end_message_3, True, BLACK)
end_message_4_render=font.render(end_message_4, True, BLACK)
started=False
while started == True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
quit()
clicked=pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
pos=pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if pos[0]>0 and pos[0]<100 and pos[1]>0 and pos[1]<100:
if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0] ==1:
started=False
over_screen.fill(WHITE)
over_screen.blit(end_message_1, [(DISPLAY_WIDTH//2), (DISPLAY_HEIGHT//2)])
over_screen.blit(end_message_2, ((DISPLAY_WIDTH//2), ((DISPLAY_HEIGHT//2)+50)))
over_screen.blit(end_message_3, [((DISPLAY_WIDTH // 2)-20), ((DISPLAY_HEIGHT // 2) + 120)])
over_screen.blit(end_message_4, [((DISPLAY_WIDTH // 2)+20), ((DISPLAY_HEIGHT // 2) + 120)])
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.time.clock.tick(FPS)
started=True
##########################################################################################




game_start()

while True:
game_play()
game_over(game_score)
pygame.quit()

Answer 1

在错误的行上，spr.image是一种方法，而不是pygame.Surface，这是surface_blit()所期望的。

编辑(回应评论)：

错误位于sprite.py的第 475 行。