如何结合PowerMock和Robolectric



我有一个静态方法,它使用Context来检查互联网状态。所以为了模拟它,我需要使用PowerMock。我正在使用机器人来加快我的测试速度,因为我唯一需要嘲笑的就是被嘲笑的人。但我似乎无法将PowerMock(1.6.6)和Robolectric(3.2.2)配置为一起工作。这就是我注释类的方式:

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
@org.robolectric.annotation.Config(constants = BuildConfig.class, sdk = 21)
@PowerMockIgnore({"org.mockito.*", "org.robolectric.*", "android.*"})
@PrepareForTest({Utils.class})

以及设置方法中的这一行:

PowerMockito.mockStatic(Utils.class);

但我收到了这个例外:

org.powermock.api.mockito.ClassNotPreparedException: 
The class com.zeyad.usecases.data.utils.Utils not prepared for test.
To prepare this class, add class to the '@PrepareForTest' annotation.
In case if you don't use this annotation, add the annotation on class or  method level. 
at org.powermock.api.mockito.expectation.reporter.MockitoPowerMockReporter.classNotPrepared(MockitoPowerMockReporter.java:32)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.internal.mockcreation.MockTypeValidatorFactory$DefaultMockTypeValidator.validate(MockTypeValidatorFactory.java:38)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.internal.mockcreation.AbstractMockCreator.validateType(AbstractMockCreator.java:10)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.internal.mockcreation.DefaultMockCreator.createMock(DefaultMockCreator.java:56)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.internal.mockcreation.DefaultMockCreator.mock(DefaultMockCreator.java:46)
at org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito.mockStatic(PowerMockito.java:71)
at com.zeyad.usecases.data.repository.stores.DataStoreFactoryJUnitTest.setUp(DataStoreFactoryJUnitTest.java:39)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:339)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:259)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:41)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:199)

我的build.gradle文件依赖项:

testCompile "junit:junit:$junit"
testCompile "org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:$hamcrest"
testCompile "com.android.support:support-annotations:$supportLibraryVersion"
testCompile "org.mockito:mockito-core:1.10.19"
testCompile "org.robolectric:robolectric:$robolectric"
testCompile "org.robolectric:shadows-support-v4:$robolectric"
testCompile "org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4:$powerMock"
testCompile "org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4-rule:$powerMock"
testCompile "org.powermock:powermock-api-mockito:$powerMock"
testCompile "org.powermock:powermock-classloading-xstream:$powerMock"

在Robolectric wiki上,您可以找到如何使用PowerMock设置Roboeletric的完整说明https://github.com/robolectric/robolectric/wiki/Using-PowerMock

有时候,答案只是简单地退一步,看看您是否"需要"使用PowerMock。

那么,您有一个静态方法,它需要PowerMock才能进行测试?!

然后,只需避免将该代码设置为静态即可。然后,你使用PowerMock的需求就消失了。

简单地将其替换为接口、impl类的组合(如果您"恰好"需要它的一个实现,还可以是枚举单例)。

我向你保证:不需要PowerMock是更好的选择;相比之下,花很多小时让它与另一个字节码操作框架一起工作。

或者换句话说:学习如何编写可测试的代码,并做到这一点;而不是创建难以测试的代码,这需要大的PowerMock锤子变得可测试。观看这些视频,了解如何做到这一点。

我不是RoboElectric的专家,但我认为:你的问题很可能是两个框架都需要自己特定的@Runner才能工作。因此:也许这会有所帮助;因为答案建议了一种使用PowerMock而不使用PowerMock Runner的方法。

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