如何使用 Rust 中的引用将 FnMut 闭包传递给函数



我已经学会了如何将闭包参数传递给函数,以便我可以调用closure两次:

let closure = || println!("hello");
fn call<F>(f: &F)
where
    F: Fn(),
{
    f();
}
call(&closure);
call(&closure);

当我使用FnMut时:

let mut string: String = "hello".to_owned();
let change_string = || string.push_str(" world");
fn call<F>(mut f: &mut F)
where
    F: FnMut(),
{
    f();
}
call(&change_string);
call(&change_string);

结果会出错:

error[E0308]: mismatched types
  --> src/main.rs:10:10
   |
10 |     call(&change_string);
   |          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ types differ in mutability
   |
   = note: expected type `&mut _`
              found type `&[closure@src/main.rs:3:25: 3:53 string:_]`

我该如何解决?

正如错误消息所说:

expected type `&mut _`
   found type `&[closure@src/main.rs:3:25: 3:53 string:_]`

它期望对某物(&mut _(的可变引用,但您正在提供对闭包(&...(的不可变引用。采用可变引用:

call(&mut change_string);

这会导致下一个错误:

error: cannot borrow immutable local variable `change_string` as mutable
 --> src/main.rs:9:15
  |
3 |     let change_string = || string.push_str(" world");
  |         ------------- use `mut change_string` here to make mutable
...
9 |     call(&mut change_string);
  |               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ cannot borrow mutably

采用可变引用要求值本身是可变的:

let mut change_string = || string.push_str(" world");

在这种情况下,您根本不需要&mut F,因为FnMut是为对FnMut的可变引用实现的。也就是说,这有效:

fn call(mut f: impl FnMut()) {
    f();
}
call(&mut change_string);
call(&mut change_string);

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