我想知道如何在Windows上获得开始菜单文件夹的路径，然后创建一个可能包含非ASCII字符的路径的快捷方式。
这是解决方案。它使用Qt，但也可以不使用。然后只使用std::wstring而不是QString。为了连接路径和文件名，您将不得不使用字符串操作，而不是使用QDir。
#include <shlobj.h>
bool createStartMenuEntry(QString targetPath) {
targetPath = QDir::toNativeSeparators(targetPath);
WCHAR startMenuPath[MAX_PATH];
HRESULT result = SHGetFolderPathW(NULL, CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS, NULL, 0, startMenuPath);
if (SUCCEEDED(result)) {
QString linkPath = QDir(QString::fromWCharArray(startMenuPath)).absoluteFilePath("Shortcut Name.lnk");
CoInitialize(NULL);
IShellLinkW* shellLink = NULL;
result = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ShellLink, NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, IID_IShellLinkW, (void**)&shellLink);
if (SUCCEEDED(result)) {
shellLink->SetPath(targetPath.toStdWString().c_str());
shellLink->SetDescription(L"Shortcut Description");
shellLink->SetIconLocation(targetPath.toStdWString().c_str(), 0);
IPersistFile* persistFile;
result = shellLink->QueryInterface(IID_IPersistFile, (void**)&persistFile);
if (SUCCEEDED(result)) {
result = persistFile->Save(linkPath.toStdWString().c_str(), TRUE);
persistFile->Release();
} else {
return false;
}
shellLink->Release();
} else {
return false;
}
} else {
return false;
}
return true;
}
这是获得开始菜单文件夹位置的部分：
WCHAR startMenuPath[MAX_PATH];
HRESULT result = SHGetFolderPathW(NULL, CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS, NULL, 0, startMenuPath);
剩下的就是创建快捷方式。将快捷方式名称和说明交换为所需的值。
与公认答案的想法相同，但使用Visual Studio方法。
用法：
CString sProgramsPath = getenv("PROGRAMDATA");
CString sShortcutPath = sProgramsPath += "\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\SHORTCUT_NAME.lnk";
// (that's .LNK)
CreateLink("C:\target_file_path\target_file_name.exe",
"sShortcutPath",
"C:\target_file_path\",
"Shortcut Description");
功能：
/*============================================================================*/
// CreateLink - Uses the Shell's IShellLink and IPersistFile interfaces
// to create and store a shortcut to the specified object.
//
// Returns the result of calling the member functions of the interfaces.
//
// Parameters:
// lpszPathObj - Address of a buffer that contains the path of the object,
// including the file name.
// lpszPathLink - Address of a buffer that contains the path where the
// Shell link is to be stored, including the file name.
// lpszPath - Working directory of target Obj file
// lpszDesc - Address of a buffer that contains a description of the
// Shell link, stored in the Comment field of the link
// properties.
HRESULT CreateLink(
LPCSTR lpszPathObj,
LPCSTR lpszPathLink,
LPCSTR lpszPath,
LPCSTR lpszDesc )
/*============================================================================*/
{
IShellLink* psl = NULL;
HRESULT hres = CoInitialize(NULL);
if (!SUCCEEDED(hres))
LOGASSERT(FALSE);
// Get a pointer to the IShellLink interface. It is assumed that CoInitialize
// has already been called.
hres = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ShellLink, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IShellLink, (LPVOID*)&psl);
if (SUCCEEDED(hres))
{
IPersistFile* ppf;
// Set the path to the shortcut target and add the description.
psl->SetPath(lpszPathObj);
psl->SetDescription(lpszDesc);
psl->SetWorkingDirectory(lpszPath);
// Query IShellLink for the IPersistFile interface, used for saving the
// shortcut in persistent storage.
hres = psl->QueryInterface(IID_IPersistFile, (LPVOID*)&ppf);
if (SUCCEEDED(hres))
{
WCHAR wsz[MAX_PATH];
// Ensure that the string is Unicode.
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lpszPathLink, -1, wsz, MAX_PATH);
// Add code here to check return value from MultiByteWideChar
// for success.
// Save the link by calling IPersistFile::Save.
hres = ppf->Save(wsz, TRUE);
if (!SUCCEEDED(hres))
LOGASSERT(FALSE);
ppf->Release();
}
psl->Release();
}
CoUninitialize();
return hres;
}
Enigma的答案非常接近，但似乎在Windows 10上不起作用。在IPersistFile上调用Save函数时失败，错误为E_ACCESSDENIED。
我设法按照Windows文档调整了他们的答案。关键是使用SHGetKnownFolderPath而不是getenv("PROGRAMDATA"):
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include "windows.h"
#include "combaseapi.h"
#include "shlobj.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
bool windowsInstall()
{
char programFilesPath[1024] = {0};
{
WCHAR* wideProgramFilesPath = NULL;
SHGetKnownFolderPath(FOLDERID_Programs, 0, NULL, (&wideProgramFilesPath));
wcstombs(programFilesPath, wideProgramFilesPath, sizeof(programFilesPath));
CoTaskMemFree(wideProgramFilesPath);
}
char shortcutPath[2048] = {0};
/*
* Fill these in with your application details!
*
* The text before .lnk in shortcutPath will show as the shortcut text to the user */
snprintf(shortcutPath, sizeof(shortcutPath), "%s\My Program.lnk", programFilesPath);
const char* executableFilename = "C:\Path\To\MyProgram\My_Program.exe";
const char* executableWorkingDirectory = "C:\Path\To\MyProgram";
const char* shortcutDescription = "This is My Program's description.";
HRESULT result = CoInitialize(NULL);
if (!(SUCCEEDED(result)))
{
return false;
}
IShellLink* link = NULL;
result= CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ShellLink, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IShellLink, ((LPVOID*)(&link)));
if (!(SUCCEEDED(result)))
{
CoUninitialize();
return false;
}
link->SetPath(executableFilename);
link->SetWorkingDirectory(executableWorkingDirectory);
link->SetDescription(shortcutDescription);
IPersistFile* persistFile = NULL;
result= link->QueryInterface(IID_IPersistFile, ((void**)(&persistFile)));
if (!(SUCCEEDED(result)))
{
link->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return false;
}
WCHAR wideShortcutPath[1024];
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, shortcutPath, -1, wideShortcutPath, (sizeof(wideShortcutPath) / sizeof(wideShortcutPath[0])));
result= persistFile->Save(wideShortcutPath, TRUE);
if (!(SUCCEEDED(result)))
{
persistFile->Release();
link->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return false;
}
persistFile->Release();
link->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return true;
}