嗨，我正在制作一个 REST Web API 项目，其中我选择了个人用户帐户。 默认情况下，它创建的帐户控制器和ApplicationOAuthProvider和Startup.Auth.cs。
值控制器用 [Authorize] 属性装饰，该属性使用持有者令牌授权请求是否有效。
所以我想知道以下问题的答案
什么是授权属性- 的流程，授权属性如何流动 确定令牌有效或过期。在哪里或在哪个班级和 方法它的检查。例如，我正在向持有者提出请求 令牌 我的应用程序如何确定它是有效的令牌或其到期 在任何班级中
- 我如何在数据库中捕获持有者令牌并基于此令牌 和它的到期我想自定义授权属性 授权策略，例如令牌在数据库中是否有效，我需要执行一些操作
我正在使用Visual Studio 2017和最新的OWIN软件包
my Startup.Auth.cs 类
public partial class Startup
{
public static OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions OAuthOptions { get; private set; }
public static string PublicClientId { get; private set; }
// For more information on configuring authentication, please visit https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301864
public void ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app)
{
// Configure the db context and user manager to use a single instance per request
app.CreatePerOwinContext(ApplicationDbContext.Create);
app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationUserManager>(ApplicationUserManager.Create);
// Enable the application to use a cookie to store information for the signed in user
// and to use a cookie to temporarily store information about a user logging in with a third party login provider
app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions());
app.UseExternalSignInCookie(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);
// Configure the application for OAuth based flow
PublicClientId = "self";
OAuthOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions
{
TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/Token"),
Provider = new ApplicationOAuthProvider(PublicClientId),
AuthorizeEndpointPath = new PathString("/api/Account/ExternalLogin"),
AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(1),
// In production mode set AllowInsecureHttp = false
AllowInsecureHttp = true
};
//OAuthOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions
//{
// TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/api/Account/Login"),
// Provider = new ApplicationOAuthProvider(PublicClientId),
// RefreshTokenProvider = new SimpleRefreshTokenProvider(),
// AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5),
// AllowInsecureHttp = true,
//};
// Enable the application to use bearer tokens to authenticate users
app.UseOAuthBearerTokens(OAuthOptions);
// Uncomment the following lines to enable logging in with third party login providers
//app.UseMicrosoftAccountAuthentication(
// clientId: "",
// clientSecret: "");
//app.UseTwitterAuthentication(
// consumerKey: "",
// consumerSecret: "");
//app.UseFacebookAuthentication(
// appId: "",
// appSecret: "");
//app.UseGoogleAuthentication(new GoogleOAuth2AuthenticationOptions()
//{
// ClientId = "",
// ClientSecret = ""
//});
}
}
my ApplicationOAuthProvider.cs
public class ApplicationOAuthProvider : OAuthAuthorizationServerProvider
{
private readonly string _publicClientId;
public ApplicationOAuthProvider(string publicClientId)
{
if (publicClientId == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("publicClientId");
}
_publicClientId = publicClientId;
}
public override async Task GrantResourceOwnerCredentials(OAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext context)
{
var userManager = context.OwinContext.GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>();
ApplicationUser user = await userManager.FindAsync(context.UserName, context.Password);
if (user == null)
{
context.SetError("invalid_grant", "The user name or password is incorrect.");
return;
}
ClaimsIdentity oAuthIdentity = await user.GenerateUserIdentityAsync(userManager,
OAuthDefaults.AuthenticationType);
ClaimsIdentity cookiesIdentity = await user.GenerateUserIdentityAsync(userManager,
CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationType);
AuthenticationProperties properties = CreateProperties(user.UserName);
AuthenticationTicket ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(oAuthIdentity, properties);
context.Validated(ticket);
context.Request.Context.Authentication.SignIn(cookiesIdentity);
}
public override Task TokenEndpoint(OAuthTokenEndpointContext context)
{
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> property in context.Properties.Dictionary)
{
context.AdditionalResponseParameters.Add(property.Key, property.Value);
}
return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
}
public override Task ValidateClientAuthentication(OAuthValidateClientAuthenticationContext context)
{
// Resource owner password credentials does not provide a client ID.
if (context.ClientId == null)
{
context.Validated();
}
return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
}
//public override Task ValidateClientAuthentication(OAuthValidateClientAuthenticationContext context)
//{
// string clientId;
// string clientSecret;
// if (context.TryGetBasicCredentials(out clientId, out clientSecret))
// {
// if (clientSecret == "secret")
// {
// context.OwinContext.Set<string>("as:client_id", clientId);
// context.Validated();
// }
// }
// return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
//}
public override Task ValidateClientRedirectUri(OAuthValidateClientRedirectUriContext context)
{
if (context.ClientId == _publicClientId)
{
Uri expectedRootUri = new Uri(context.Request.Uri, "/");
if (expectedRootUri.AbsoluteUri == context.RedirectUri)
{
context.Validated();
}
}
return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
}
public static AuthenticationProperties CreateProperties(string userName)
{
IDictionary<string, string> data = new Dictionary<string, string>
{
{ "userName", userName }
};
return new AuthenticationProperties(data);
}
}
和帐户控制者
[Authorize]
[RoutePrefix("api/Account")]
public class AccountController : ApiController
{
private const string LocalLoginProvider = "Local";
private ApplicationUserManager _userManager;
public AccountController()
{
}
public AccountController(ApplicationUserManager userManager,
ISecureDataFormat<AuthenticationTicket> accessTokenFormat)
{
UserManager = userManager;
AccessTokenFormat = accessTokenFormat;
}
public ApplicationUserManager UserManager
{
get
{
return _userManager ?? Request.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>();
}
private set
{
_userManager = value;
}
}
public ISecureDataFormat<AuthenticationTicket> AccessTokenFormat { get; private set; }
// GET api/Account/UserInfo
[HostAuthentication(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalBearer)]
[Route("UserInfo")]
public UserInfoViewModel GetUserInfo()
{
ExternalLoginData externalLogin = ExternalLoginData.FromIdentity(User.Identity as ClaimsIdentity);
return new UserInfoViewModel
{
Email = User.Identity.GetUserName(),
HasRegistered = externalLogin == null,
LoginProvider = externalLogin != null ? externalLogin.LoginProvider : null
};
}
// POST api/Account/Logout
[Route("Logout")]
public IHttpActionResult Logout()
{
Authentication.SignOut(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationType);
//HttpContext.Current.GetOwinContext().Authentication.SignOut(Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie);
// Request.GetOwinContext().Authentication.SignOut();
// Request.GetOwinContext().Authentication.SignOut(Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie);
return Ok();
}
// GET api/Account/ManageInfo?returnUrl=%2F&generateState=true
[Route("ManageInfo")]
public async Task<ManageInfoViewModel> GetManageInfo(string returnUrl, bool generateState = false)
{
IdentityUser user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId());
if (user == null)
{
return null;
}
List<UserLoginInfoViewModel> logins = new List<UserLoginInfoViewModel>();
foreach (IdentityUserLogin linkedAccount in user.Logins)
{
logins.Add(new UserLoginInfoViewModel
{
LoginProvider = linkedAccount.LoginProvider,
ProviderKey = linkedAccount.ProviderKey
});
}
if (user.PasswordHash != null)
{
logins.Add(new UserLoginInfoViewModel
{
LoginProvider = LocalLoginProvider,
ProviderKey = user.UserName,
});
}
return new ManageInfoViewModel
{
LocalLoginProvider = LocalLoginProvider,
Email = user.UserName,
Logins = logins,
ExternalLoginProviders = GetExternalLogins(returnUrl, generateState)
};
}
// POST api/Account/ChangePassword
[Route("ChangePassword")]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> ChangePassword(ChangePasswordBindingModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
IdentityResult result = await UserManager.ChangePasswordAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId(), model.OldPassword,
model.NewPassword);
if (!result.Succeeded)
{
return GetErrorResult(result);
}
return Ok();
}
// POST api/Account/SetPassword
[Route("SetPassword")]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> SetPassword(SetPasswordBindingModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
IdentityResult result = await UserManager.AddPasswordAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId(), model.NewPassword);
if (!result.Succeeded)
{
return GetErrorResult(result);
}
return Ok();
}
// POST api/Account/AddExternalLogin
[Route("AddExternalLogin")]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> AddExternalLogin(AddExternalLoginBindingModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
Authentication.SignOut(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);
AuthenticationTicket ticket = AccessTokenFormat.Unprotect(model.ExternalAccessToken);
if (ticket == null || ticket.Identity == null || (ticket.Properties != null
&& ticket.Properties.ExpiresUtc.HasValue
&& ticket.Properties.ExpiresUtc.Value < DateTimeOffset.UtcNow))
{
return BadRequest("External login failure.");
}
ExternalLoginData externalData = ExternalLoginData.FromIdentity(ticket.Identity);
if (externalData == null)
{
return BadRequest("The external login is already associated with an account.");
}
IdentityResult result = await UserManager.AddLoginAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId(),
new UserLoginInfo(externalData.LoginProvider, externalData.ProviderKey));
if (!result.Succeeded)
{
return GetErrorResult(result);
}
return Ok();
}
// POST api/Account/RemoveLogin
[Route("RemoveLogin")]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> RemoveLogin(RemoveLoginBindingModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
IdentityResult result;
if (model.LoginProvider == LocalLoginProvider)
{
result = await UserManager.RemovePasswordAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId());
}
else
{
result = await UserManager.RemoveLoginAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId(),
new UserLoginInfo(model.LoginProvider, model.ProviderKey));
}
if (!result.Succeeded)
{
return GetErrorResult(result);
}
return Ok();
}
// GET api/Account/ExternalLogin
[OverrideAuthentication]
[HostAuthentication(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie)]
[AllowAnonymous]
[Route("ExternalLogin", Name = "ExternalLogin")]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetExternalLogin(string provider, string error = null)
{
if (error != null)
{
return Redirect(Url.Content("~/") + "#error=" + Uri.EscapeDataString(error));
}
if (!User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
{
return new ChallengeResult(provider, this);
}
ExternalLoginData externalLogin = ExternalLoginData.FromIdentity(User.Identity as ClaimsIdentity);
if (externalLogin == null)
{
return InternalServerError();
}
if (externalLogin.LoginProvider != provider)
{
Authentication.SignOut(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);
return new ChallengeResult(provider, this);
}
ApplicationUser user = await UserManager.FindAsync(new UserLoginInfo(externalLogin.LoginProvider,
externalLogin.ProviderKey));
bool hasRegistered = user != null;
if (hasRegistered)
{
Authentication.SignOut(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);
ClaimsIdentity oAuthIdentity = await user.GenerateUserIdentityAsync(UserManager,
OAuthDefaults.AuthenticationType);
ClaimsIdentity cookieIdentity = await user.GenerateUserIdentityAsync(UserManager,
CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationType);
AuthenticationProperties properties = ApplicationOAuthProvider.CreateProperties(user.UserName);
Authentication.SignIn(properties, oAuthIdentity, cookieIdentity);
}
else
{
IEnumerable<Claim> claims = externalLogin.GetClaims();
ClaimsIdentity identity = new ClaimsIdentity(claims, OAuthDefaults.AuthenticationType);
Authentication.SignIn(identity);
}
return Ok();
}
// GET api/Account/ExternalLogins?returnUrl=%2F&generateState=true
[AllowAnonymous]
[Route("ExternalLogins")]
public IEnumerable<ExternalLoginViewModel> GetExternalLogins(string returnUrl, bool generateState = false)
{
IEnumerable<AuthenticationDescription> descriptions = Authentication.GetExternalAuthenticationTypes();
List<ExternalLoginViewModel> logins = new List<ExternalLoginViewModel>();
string state;
if (generateState)
{
const int strengthInBits = 256;
state = RandomOAuthStateGenerator.Generate(strengthInBits);
}
else
{
state = null;
}
foreach (AuthenticationDescription description in descriptions)
{
ExternalLoginViewModel login = new ExternalLoginViewModel
{
Name = description.Caption,
Url = Url.Route("ExternalLogin", new
{
provider = description.AuthenticationType,
response_type = "token",
client_id = Startup.PublicClientId,
redirect_uri = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, returnUrl).AbsoluteUri,
state = state
}),
State = state
};
logins.Add(login);
}
return logins;
}
// POST api/Account/Register
[AllowAnonymous]
[Route("Register")]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> Register(RegisterBindingModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = model.Email, Email = model.Email };
IdentityResult result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password);
if (!result.Succeeded)
{
return GetErrorResult(result);
}
return Ok();
}
// POST api/Account/RegisterExternal
[OverrideAuthentication]
[HostAuthentication(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalBearer)]
[Route("RegisterExternal")]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> RegisterExternal(RegisterExternalBindingModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
var info = await Authentication.GetExternalLoginInfoAsync();
if (info == null)
{
return InternalServerError();
}
var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = model.Email, Email = model.Email };
IdentityResult result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user);
if (!result.Succeeded)
{
return GetErrorResult(result);
}
result = await UserManager.AddLoginAsync(user.Id, info.Login);
if (!result.Succeeded)
{
return GetErrorResult(result);
}
return Ok();
}
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && _userManager != null)
{
_userManager.Dispose();
_userManager = null;
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Helpers
private IAuthenticationManager Authentication
{
get { return Request.GetOwinContext().Authentication; }
}
private IHttpActionResult GetErrorResult(IdentityResult result)
{
if (result == null)
{
return InternalServerError();
}
if (!result.Succeeded)
{
if (result.Errors != null)
{
foreach (string error in result.Errors)
{
ModelState.AddModelError("", error);
}
}
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
// No ModelState errors are available to send, so just return an empty BadRequest.
return BadRequest();
}
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
return null;
}
private class ExternalLoginData
{
public string LoginProvider { get; set; }
public string ProviderKey { get; set; }
public string UserName { get; set; }
public IList<Claim> GetClaims()
{
IList<Claim> claims = new List<Claim>();
claims.Add(new Claim(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, ProviderKey, null, LoginProvider));
if (UserName != null)
{
claims.Add(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, UserName, null, LoginProvider));
}
return claims;
}
public static ExternalLoginData FromIdentity(ClaimsIdentity identity)
{
if (identity == null)
{
return null;
}
Claim providerKeyClaim = identity.FindFirst(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier);
if (providerKeyClaim == null || String.IsNullOrEmpty(providerKeyClaim.Issuer)
|| String.IsNullOrEmpty(providerKeyClaim.Value))
{
return null;
}
if (providerKeyClaim.Issuer == ClaimsIdentity.DefaultIssuer)
{
return null;
}
return new ExternalLoginData
{
LoginProvider = providerKeyClaim.Issuer,
ProviderKey = providerKeyClaim.Value,
UserName = identity.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.Name)
};
}
}
private static class RandomOAuthStateGenerator
{
private static RandomNumberGenerator _random = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();
public static string Generate(int strengthInBits)
{
const int bitsPerByte = 8;
if (strengthInBits % bitsPerByte != 0)
{
throw new ArgumentException("strengthInBits must be evenly divisible by 8.", "strengthInBits");
}
int strengthInBytes = strengthInBits / bitsPerByte;
byte[] data = new byte[strengthInBytes];
_random.GetBytes(data);
return HttpServerUtility.UrlTokenEncode(data);
}
}
#endregion
}
检查令牌的逻辑应该在 API 项目的启动.cs中的某个位置。有一个解决方案搜索UseJwtBearerAuthentication，在那里应该指定详细信息。
授权修饰的流程"自动"，使用在UseJwtBearerAuthentication中设置的属性。如果要执行一些其他检查，则需要自定义授权属性。
您应该创建一个继承接口 AuthorizeAttribute 的新类。实现这些方法，您可以执行自定义检查(例如针对数据库进行检查)。查看此链接以获取自定义授权属性的良好示例：
https://mycodepad.wordpress.com/2014/05/17/mvc-custom-authorizeattribute-for-custom-authentication/
请注意，每次调用时，都会联系您的数据库，这可能意味着一些额外的负载。