我在Fedora 28(Linux发行版(，Apache 2.4.33和PHP 7.2.5上有一个Symfony 4项目。所有这些都托管在VPS(虚拟专用服务器(上。这是我第一次在线部署Symfony项目(我之前使用Symfony内置的PHP服务器，不建议用于生产用途(。
我已经准备好使用我的Symfony项目，我清除了缓存并转到了localhost/MyProject/public/index.php/(注意：我没有完全在这里，我的项目是在线的，我使用了另一个URL，但是，这不会改变任何东西(。当我看到这个美丽的例外时：
Unable to create the storage directory (/var/www/html/HAY/var/cache/dev/profiler).
多么美丽和难以理解的例外！为什么？因为我/var/www/html他的主人是 apache：apache(注意：我还在根组中添加了 apache，在 apache 组中添加了根(，并且他的文件权限都设置为 777。然后，你会说，为什么不直接创建/var/www/html/HAY/var/cache/dev/profiler目录呢？因为，当我制作那个...首先，我的探查器调试工具栏不起作用，这次我有另一个文件权限异常：
An exception has been thrown during the rendering of a template ("Failed to create "/var/www/html/HAY/var/cache/dev/translations"").
为什么不创建/var/www/html/HAY/var/cache/dev/translations？我做到了，我还有另一个例外。我无法解决...为什么？因为这个：
total 16
drwxrwxrwx+ 2 apache apache 4096 May 20 14:00 .
drwxrwxrwx+ 8 apache apache 4096 May 20 14:00 ..
。为什么？？？只是为什么???这就是我为解决这个疯狂问题所做的工作的预览！
304 php bin/console cache:clear
305 php bin/console cache:clear --env=PROD
306 chown -R apache:apache ./
307 ls -la
308 chown -R root:root ./
309 ls -al var/cache/dev/
310 mkdir profiler
311 rm profiler/
312 rm -rf profiler/
313 mkdir var/cache/dev/profiler
314 cp templates/home.html.twig ../
315 ls ..
316 rm -rf ./
317 cd ..
318 rm -rf HAY/
319 git clone https://github.com/TheOpenMedium/HAY.git
320 cd HAY/
321 composer install
322 mv ../home.html.twig templates/home.html.twig
323 mv ../home.html.twig templates/home.html.twig
324 cat templates/home.html.twig
325 nano .env
326 cat .env
327 composer require apache-pack
328 nano .env
329 chmod -R 777 -R
330 chmod -R 777 ./
331 chmod -R 777 ./ -v
332 chmod -R 777 var/cache/dev/ -v
333 chmod -R 777 var/cache/dev/ -1v
334 chmod -R 777 var/cache/dev/
335 ls -la var/cache/dev/
336 chmod -R 775 var/cache/dev/
337 chmod -R 777 var/cache/dev/
338 ls -al /var/www/
339 find httpd.conf
340 find / httpd.conf
341 find --help
342 find -D search / "httpd.conf"
343 find --help
344 history
345 history | grep "httpd.conf"
346 nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
347 systemctl restart httpd.serice
348 systemctl restart httpd.service
349 systemctl status httpd.service
350 nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
351 systemctl status httpd.service
352 systemctl restart httpd.service
353 chown -R /var/www/html/ apache:apache
354 chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html/
355 ls -al
356 less public/index.php
357 cat public/index.php | grep "umask"
358 chmod -R 777 var/log/
359 nano .env
360 php bin/console cache:warmup
361 php bin/console cache:warmup
362 nano .env
363 php bin/console cache:warmup
364 nano .env
365 nano .env
366 php bin/console cache:clear
367 php bin/console cache:warmup
368 nano .env
369 php bin/console cache:clear
370 php bin/console cache:warmup
371 nano .env
372 php bin/console cache:clear
373 php bin/console cache:warmup
374 mkdir var/cache/dev/profiler
375 nano .env
413 chmod -R 777 ./
414 ls -la var/cache/dev/doctrine/orm/Proxies/
415 ls -la var/cache/dev/doctrine/orm/
416 chown -R apache:apache ./
417 ls -la
418 chown -R www-data:www-data ./
419 users
420 users --help
421 usermod --help
422 php bin/console cache:clear
423 chmod -R 777 ./
424 nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
425 rm -rf var/cache/*
426 rm -rf var/log/*
427 chmod 777 var/cache
428 chmod 777 var/log
429 chmod -R 777 ./
430 php bin/console doctrine:database:create
431 php bin/console doctrine:migrations:migrate
432 ls -la var/cache
433 ls -la var/cache/dev/
434 chmod -R 777 ./
435 sudo setfacl -R -m u:apache:rwX -m u:`whoami`:rwX var/cache/
436 sudo setfacl -R -m u:apache:rwX -m u:`whoami`:rwX var/cache
437 sudo setfacl -dR -m u:apache:rwX -m u:`whoami`:rwX var/cache var/log
438 sudo setfacl -R -m u:apache:rwX -m u:`whoami`:rwX var/cache var/log
439 sudo -u apache php bin/console cache:clear
440 chmod -R 777 ./
有趣的事实：在运行439 sudo -u apache php bin/console cache:clear之前，我有一个例外......同时处理异常 XD！#Inception！
另外，这是我的httpd.conf：
#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file. It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/> for detailed information.
# In particular, see
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so 'log/access_log'
# with ServerRoot set to '/www' will be interpreted by the
# server as '/www/log/access_log', where as '/log/access_log' will be
# interpreted as '/log/access_log'.
#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path. If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used. If you wish to share the
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
# least PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80
#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
Include conf.modules.d/*.conf
#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User apache
Group apache
# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition. These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#
#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents. e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin root@localhost
#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80
#
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other
# <Directory> blocks below.
#
<Directory />
AllowOverride none
Require all denied
</Directory>
#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#
#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
#
# Relax access to content within /var/www.
#
<Directory "/var/www">
AllowOverride None
# Allow open access:
Require all granted
</Directory>
# Further relax access to the default document root:
<Directory "/var/www/html">
#
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
# doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
# Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
AllowOverride None
#
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
#
Require all granted
</Directory>
#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>
#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<Files ".ht*">
Require all denied
</Files>
#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"
#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn
<IfModule log_config_module>
#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive (see below).
#
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t "%r" %>s %b "%{Referer}i" "%{User-Agent}i"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t "%r" %>s %b" common
<IfModule logio_module>
# You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t "%r" %>s %b "%{Referer}i" "%{User-Agent}i" %I %O" combinedio
</IfModule>
#
# The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
# If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
# container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*
# define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
# logged therein and *not* in this file.
#
#CustomLog "logs/access_log" common
#
# If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
# (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
#
CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
</IfModule>
<IfModule alias_module>
#
# Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
# exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
# will make a new request for the document at its new location.
# Example:
# Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar
#
# Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
# access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
# Example:
# Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
#
# If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
# require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely
# need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
# the filesystem path.
#
# ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
# ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
# documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
# client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
# directives as to Alias.
#
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
</IfModule>
#
# "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<IfModule mime_module>
#
# TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
# filename extension to MIME-type.
#
TypesConfig /etc/mime.types
#
# AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
# file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
#
#AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
#
# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
# information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
#
#AddEncoding x-compress .Z
#AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
#
# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
# probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
#
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
#
# AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
# or added with the Action directive (see below)
#
# To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
# (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
#
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
# For type maps (negotiated resources):
#AddHandler type-map var
#
# Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
#
# To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
# (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
#
AddType text/html .shtml
AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>
#
# Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables
# interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default. To use the
# default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags
# in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this
# directive:
#
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
<IfModule mime_magic_module>
#
# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
# contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile
# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
#
MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>
#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#
#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver
# files. This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
# Defaults if commented: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off
#
#EnableMMAP off
EnableSendfile on
# Supplemental configuration
#
# Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
这是一个ls -la /var/www/html/HAY/：
total 264
drwxrwxrwx. 12 apache apache 4096 May 19 22:22 .
drwxr-xr-x. 3 apache apache 4096 May 19 22:23 ..
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 1000 May 19 23:10 .env
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 923 May 19 22:22 .env.dist
drwxrwxrwx. 8 apache apache 4096 May 19 22:22 .git
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 385 May 19 22:22 .gitignore
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 3256 May 19 22:22 CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 956 May 19 22:22 CONTRIBUTING.md
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 2239 May 19 22:22 ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 1067 May 19 22:22 LICENSE
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 3483 May 19 22:22 README.md
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 3982 May 19 22:22 READMEFR.md
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 26 May 19 22:22 _config.yml
drwxrwxrwx. 2 apache apache 4096 May 19 22:22 bin
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 2050 May 20 12:32 composer.json
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 161543 May 20 12:29 composer.lock
drwxrwxrwx. 4 apache apache 4096 May 19 22:22 config
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 1201 May 19 22:22 phpunit.xml.dist
drwxrwxrwx. 6 apache apache 4096 May 20 12:25 public
drwxrwxrwx. 6 apache apache 4096 May 19 22:22 src
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 apache apache 7910 May 20 12:29 symfony.lock
drwxrwxrwx. 7 apache apache 4096 May 19 22:23 templates
drwxrwxrwx. 3 apache apache 4096 May 19 22:22 tests
drwxrwxrwx. 2 apache apache 4096 May 19 22:22 translations
drwxrwxrwx. 4 apache apache 4096 May 19 22:22 var
drwxrwxrwx. 13 apache apache 4096 May 20 12:29 vendor
感谢您抽出宝贵时间阅读我的问题;)！
我没有找到解决问题的方法，但我解决了它。
我刚刚重新安装了我的VPS，这次我的操作系统从Fedora Cloud 28更改为Ubuntu Server 18.04。我安装了我的网站，我不知道为什么，它只是工作...也许我在第一次配置 VPS 时犯了一个错误，或者可能是因为我在 Fedora Cloud 下运行(而不是 Fedora Server，但我的 VPS 提供商不让我选择。
然后，如果您有同样的问题，只需重新安装您的 VPS，也许它会起作用......
执行 Web 服务器的用户和执行 PHP 页面的用户可能不同。事实上，它经常被有意地改变，使用几种可能的方法之一(suPHP，php-fpmmod_proxy,fcgi'(。
从错误消息(恕我直言，这很清楚(来看，您实际上确实有一个不同的用户运行 PHP。如果你在你的配置中找不到它，我建议从Symfony分析器工具栏访问PHP信息并查找$_SERVER['USER']变量。
或者，如果其他所有内容都失败了，请在app_dev.php的开头临时添加几行，以便它只输出它：
die($_SERVER['user']);
然后执行它。
希望这至少能引导您进入正确的方向。