对于某些数据，我得到了以下错误，概念很清楚：
android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException：FOREIGN KEY约束失败（代码787）
然而，这并不能帮助我找到哪个特定记录具有无效的FK。与其反复研究我的代码并尝试用新事务隔离每个插入，有没有任何方法可以打开（或提取）日志记录，其中包含有用的详细信息，如有问题的表，甚至是引起问题的FK值？
此外，我正在使用SqlBrite，并且已经打开了调试日志记录（这只是记录操作，我仍然没有得到更多关于错误的信息）
更新：以下是我自己代码上面的所有logcat；基本上，当试图关闭以前打开的事务（BriteDatabase.transaction）时会发现异常（BriteDatabase.Transactionobject是一个新添加的对象；我刚刚从SqlBrite 0.1.0迁移到0.4.1）。
android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: FOREIGN KEY constraint failed (code 787)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.nativeExecute(Native Method)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.execute(SQLiteConnection.java:555)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.endTransactionUnchecked(SQLiteSession.java:437)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.endTransaction(SQLiteSession.java:401)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.endTransaction(SQLiteDatabase.java:522)
at com.squareup.sqlbrite.BriteDatabase$1.end(BriteDatabase.java:85)
解决方案1：
您可以使用adb shell dumpsys dbinfo -v命令查看有关数据库的一些信息。
在我的例子中，我创建了一个小例子，它两次插入同一条记录，强制使用SQLiteConstraintException:
MyDB db = new MyDB(this);
// Insert the same record twice to force a SQLiteConstraintException
db.insertIntoMyTable("1","MyName");
db.insertIntoMyTable("1","MyName");
这是我的Nexus 4中adb shell dumpsys dbinfo -v命令的输出（我不确定，但我认为不同设备的输出信息可能不同）：
Connection pool for /data/data/com.your.package.name/databases/MyDB:
Open: true
Max connections: 1
Available primary connection:
Connection #0:
connectionPtr: 0xffffffffb883aaf0
isPrimaryConnection: true
onlyAllowReadOnlyOperations: false
Most recently executed operations:
0: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 1ms - failed, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"], exception="UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)"
1: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)"
2: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 18ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"]
3: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)"
4: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] executeForLong took 1ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA user_version;"
5: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA user_version;"
6: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="SELECT locale FROM android_metadata UNION SELECT NULL ORDER BY locale DESC LIMIT 1"
7: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] execute took 1ms - succeeded, sql="CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS android_metadata (locale TEXT)"
8: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA wal_autocheckpoint=100"
9: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA wal_autocheckpoint"
10: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_size_limit=524288"
11: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_size_limit"
12: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.206] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA synchronous"
13: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.206] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_mode=PERSIST"
14: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.205] executeForString took 1ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_mode"
15: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.204] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA foreign_keys"
16: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.204] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA page_size"
Prepared statement cache:
0: statementPtr=0xffffffffb8839558, numParameters=0, type=1, readOnly=true, sql="SELECT locale FROM android_metadata UNION SELECT NULL ORDER BY locale DESC LIMIT 1"
Available non-primary connections:
<none>
Acquired connections:
<none>
Connection waiters:
<none>
分析输出，在Most recently executed operations:中，我得到以下信息（一条记录成功插入，另一条记录失败）：
0: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 1ms - failed, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"], exception="UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)"
2: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 18ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"]
解决方案2：
这个解决方案有点棘手，但您可以使用android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDebug类通过Java代码获得类似的信息。
如果你看一下，你会发现这个类被标记为@hide，这意味着SQLiteDebug类被排除在API文档之外，但它仍然可以通过反射访问。
因此，要打印SQLite数据库的调试信息，可以使用以下代码：
// The messages will be printed as Log.ERROR using the tag "DB"
Printer p = new LogPrinter(Log.ERROR, "DB");
// We will invoke the "dump" method of the "android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDebug" class
// We eill use the "-v" parameter because we want the output to be verbose
Class<?> c = Class.forName("android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDebug");
Method method = c.getMethod("dump", new Class[]{Printer.class, String[].class});
method.invoke(null, p, new String[]{"-v"});
一个简单的例子来说明解决方案：
MyDB db = new MyDB(this);
// Insert the same record twice to force a SQLiteConstraintException
db.insertIntoMyTable("1","MyName");
db.insertIntoMyTable("1","MyName");
try {
Printer p = new LogPrinter(Log.ERROR, "DB");
Class<?> c = Class.forName("android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDebug");
Method method = c.getMethod("dump", new Class[]{Printer.class, String[].class});
method.invoke(null, p, new String[]{"-v"});
}
catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("MyTag", e.getMessage());
}
在这种情况下，我使用LogPrinter将调试信息转储到logcat，但您可以使用自己的Printer实现。
在我的Nexus 4中，logcat看起来是这样的（我不确定，但我认为不同设备的输出信息可能不同）：
E/SQLiteLog(22296): (1555) abort at 10 in [INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)]: UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): Error inserting name=MyName _id=1
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.nativeExecuteForLastInsertedRowId(Native Method)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.executeForLastInsertedRowId(SQLiteConnection.java:782)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.executeForLastInsertedRowId(SQLiteSession.java:788)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteStatement.executeInsert(SQLiteStatement.java:86)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insertWithOnConflict(SQLiteDatabase.java:1471)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insert(SQLiteDatabase.java:1341)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at com.example.antonio.prueba3.MyDB.insertIntoMyTable(MyDB.java:32)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at com.example.antonio.prueba3.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:24)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5990)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1106)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2278)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2387)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:151)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1303)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5254)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698)
E/DB (22296): Connection pool for /data/data/com.example.antonio.prueba3/databases/MyDB:
E/DB (22296): Open: true
E/DB (22296): Max connections: 1
E/DB (22296): Available primary connection:
E/DB (22296): Connection #0:
E/DB (22296): connectionPtr: 0xffffffffb883aaf0
E/DB (22296): isPrimaryConnection: true
E/DB (22296): onlyAllowReadOnlyOperations: false
E/DB (22296): Most recently executed operations:
E/DB (22296): 0: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 1ms - failed, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"], exception="UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)"
E/DB (22296): 1: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)"
E/DB (22296): 2: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 18ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"]
E/DB (22296): 3: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)"
E/DB (22296): 4: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] executeForLong took 1ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA user_version;"
E/DB (22296): 5: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA user_version;"
E/DB (22296): 6: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="SELECT locale FROM android_metadata UNION SELECT NULL ORDER BY locale DESC LIMIT 1"
E/DB (22296): 7: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] execute took 1ms - succeeded, sql="CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS android_metadata (locale TEXT)"
E/DB (22296): 8: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA wal_autocheckpoint=100"
E/DB (22296): 9: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA wal_autocheckpoint"
E/DB (22296): 10: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_size_limit=524288"
E/DB (22296): 11: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_size_limit"
E/DB (22296): 12: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.206] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA synchronous"
E/DB (22296): 13: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.206] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_mode=PERSIST"
E/DB (22296): 14: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.205] executeForString took 1ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_mode"
E/DB (22296): 15: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.204] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA foreign_keys"
E/DB (22296): 16: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.204] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA page_size"
E/DB (22296): Prepared statement cache:
E/DB (22296): 0: statementPtr=0xffffffffb8839558, numParameters=0, type=1, readOnly=true, sql="SELECT locale FROM android_metadata UNION SELECT NULL ORDER BY locale DESC LIMIT 1"
E/DB (22296): Available non-primary connections:
E/DB (22296): <none>
E/DB (22296): Acquired connections:
E/DB (22296): <none>
E/DB (22296): Connection waiters:
E/DB (22296): <none>
分析输出，我得到一个SQLiteConstraintException:
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)
在Most recently executed operations:中，我得到以下信息（一条记录成功插入，另一条失败）：
E/DB (22296): 0: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 1ms - failed, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"], exception="UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)"
E/DB (22296): 2: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 18ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"]
希望能有所帮助。
只需从设备中取出该SQLite文件，然后将其加载到SQLite浏览器应用程序中。所以，你现在可以尝试执行相同的事务，看看发生了什么
SQLite浏览器：
- SQLite浏览器
- SQLite管理器
- SQLite工作室