单元测试Spring MVC web-app: Could not autowire field: private ja

Question

我想为我的web应用程序进行测试，但上下文配置在自动装配servletContext时崩溃。下面的错误。当我在tomcat/jetty上运行web-app时，自动装配servletContext工作良好。

. lang。IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext…org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:创建名称为"testController"的bean时出错:注入了autowired依赖关系失败;嵌套异常是org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not自动连接字段:私有javax.servlet.ServletContextcom.test.controllers.TestController.servletContext;嵌套的异常is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No类型为[javax.servlet]的匹配bean。ServletContext]找到的依赖性:期望至少有1个bean符合自动装配的条件此依赖项的候选项。依赖项的注释:{@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(要求= true)}

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class FirstTest {
    @Test
    public void doTest() throws Exception {
        // ...  
    }
}

TestController

@Controller
public class TestController {
    @Autowired
    private ServletContext servletContext;
    ... 
}

Answer 1

根据ptomli的提示，定义MockServletContext可以达到目的。

<bean class="org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext"/>

出现的另一个问题是tile配置器，它不起作用:

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'tilesConfigurer' defined in class path resource [applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException

解决方案:从applicationContext.xml中分离tiles配置，并且不要在jUnit测试中使用tiles。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>
            classpath:applicationContext.xml
            classpath:tilesConfig.xml
        </param-value>
    </context-param>
</web-app>

Answer 2

我在测试类下添加了@WebAppConfiguration，问题消失了