"Configuring Services with Endpoints" Demo Fail For Me (Microsoft/endpoint.tv/Pluralsight)

我在MSDN的WCF页面上尝试跟随初学者的演示视频。

第一个视频或多或少运行良好。第二集视频快结束了。我正在使用VS2010/。net 4.0，而视频似乎使用VS2008(我假设。net 3.5，但我不记得了)。

我正在使用下面的演示

我们刚刚增加了3个端点:一个普通的http, net。Tcp和net.pipe。当我现在尝试运行项目时，Web服务无法启动。

System.InvalidOperationException: Cannot load the X.509 certificate identity specified in the configuration.
   at System.ServiceModel.Description.ConfigLoader.LoadIdentity(IdentityElement element)
   at System.ServiceModel.Description.ConfigLoader.LoadServiceDescription(ServiceHostBase host, ServiceDescription description, ServiceElement serviceElement, Action`1 addBaseAddress)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.LoadConfigurationSectionInternal(ConfigLoader configLoader, ServiceDescription description, ServiceElement serviceSection)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.LoadConfigurationSectionInternal(ConfigLoader configLoader, ServiceDescription description, String configurationName)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.ApplyConfiguration()
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.InitializeDescription(UriSchemeKeyedCollection baseAddresses)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHost.InitializeDescription(Type serviceType, UriSchemeKeyedCollection baseAddresses)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHost..ctor(Type serviceType, Uri[] baseAddresses)
   at Microsoft.Tools.SvcHost.ServiceHostHelper.CreateServiceHost(Type type, ServiceKind kind)
   at Microsoft.Tools.SvcHost.ServiceHostHelper.OpenService(ServiceInfo info)

基于我的Google fu，我遇到了这个线程:"无法加载配置中指定的X.509证书标识";

我真的还不想参与证书，因为我还只是在试验基础知识，所以我遵循了那篇文章中的建议，只是添加了<dns value="localhost" />标签。异常更改为:

Please try changing the HTTP port to 8732 or running as Administrator.
System.ServiceModel.AddressAccessDeniedException: HTTP could not register URL http://+:8080/EvalService/. Your process does not have access rights to this namespace (see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=70353 for details). ---> System.Net.HttpListenerException: Access is denied
   at System.Net.HttpListener.AddAllPrefixes()
   at System.Net.HttpListener.Start()
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SharedHttpTransportManager.OnOpen()
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SharedHttpTransportManager.OnOpen()
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.TransportManager.Open(TransportChannelListener channelListener)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.TransportManagerContainer.Open(SelectTransportManagersCallback selectTransportManagerCallback)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.TransportChannelListener.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpChannelListener.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.DatagramChannelDemuxer`2.OnOuterListenerOpen(ChannelDemuxerFilter filter, IChannelListener listener, TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SingletonChannelListener`3.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelDispatcher.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.NegotiationTokenAuthenticator`1.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.WrapperSecurityCommunicationObject.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.CommunicationObjectSecurityTokenAuthenticator.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityUtils.OpenCommunicationObject(ICommunicationObject obj, TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityUtils.OpenTokenAuthenticatorIfRequired(SecurityTokenAuthenticator tokenAuthenticator, TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityProtocolFactory.Open(String propertyName, Boolean requiredForForwardDirection, SecurityTokenAuthenticator authenticator, TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SymmetricSecurityProtocolFactory.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.WrapperSecurityCommunicationObject.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityProtocolFactory.Open(Boolean actAsInitiator, TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityListenerSettingsLifetimeManager.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SecurityChannelListener`1.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelDispatcher.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecuritySessionSecurityTokenAuthenticator.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.WrapperSecurityCommunicationObject.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.CommunicationObjectSecurityTokenAuthenticator.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityUtils.OpenCommunicationObject(ICommunicationObject obj, TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityUtils.OpenTokenAuthenticatorIfRequired(SecurityTokenAuthenticator tokenAuthenticator, TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecuritySessionServerSettings.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.WrapperSecurityCommunicationObject.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecuritySessionServerSettings.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityListenerSettingsLifetimeManager.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SecurityChannelListener`1.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelDispatcher.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open()
   at Microsoft.Tools.SvcHost.ServiceHostHelper.OpenService(ServiceInfo info)
System.Net.HttpListenerException (0x80004005): Access is denied
   at System.Net.HttpListener.AddAllPrefixes()
   at System.Net.HttpListener.Start()
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SharedHttpTransportManager.OnOpen()

所以，我试着做它所说的:将端口更改为8732，但仍然抛出异常，这次说Please try changing the HTTP port to 8732...HTTP could not register URL http://+:8732/EvalService/...。: P

我试着注释掉新的结束点，但无济于事。即使是原始的也会因为这个错误而失败。如果我把它们放回原来的端口[not so] 1337也没关系。

这是App.config，没有任何问题:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" />
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="EvalServiceLibrary.EvalService">
        <clear />
        <endpoint address="ws" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="EvalServiceLibrary.IEvalService"
          listenUriMode="Explicit">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
            <certificateReference storeName="My" storeLocation="LocalMachine"
              x509FindType="FindBySubjectDistinguishedName" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"
          listenUriMode="Explicit">
          <identity>
              <dns value="localhost" />
              <certificateReference storeName="My" storeLocation="LocalMachine"
              x509FindType="FindBySubjectDistinguishedName" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="basic" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="EvalServiceLibrary.IEvalService"
          listenUriMode="Explicit">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
            <certificateReference storeName="My" storeLocation="LocalMachine"
              x509FindType="FindBySubjectDistinguishedName" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:8888/EvalService" binding="netTcpBinding"
          contract="EvalServiceLibrary.IEvalService" listenUriMode="Explicit">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
            <certificateReference storeName="My" storeLocation="LocalMachine"
              x509FindType="FindBySubjectDistinguishedName" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="net.pipe://localhost/EvalService" binding="netNamedPipeBinding"
          bindingConfiguration="" contract="EvalServiceLibrary.IEvalService" />
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8080/EvalService" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

什么是错的/我如何解决它?

我也看了同样的网络广播，也遇到了同样的问题。根据其他人的建议，我通过注释这些条目来解决证书问题。

我更正了"请尝试将HTTP端口更改为8732或以管理员身份运行"，将"Design_Time_Addresses"添加回我的url

<<p> 不工作/strong>
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:8732/AMessageService" />
工作!
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:8732/Design_Time_Addresses/AMessageService" />

对于上述两个问题(HTTP could not register URL之一)中的后者，一个看似有效的解决方案可以在Gabobcat的回答(由他)的评论中发布的VS2010培训包中找到。

在第4个练习"Ex4-ServiceDiscovery"中，给出了一个聊天应用程序，它使用WCF服务在两个客户机之间进行通信。它使用发现特性来查找网络上的对等节点。长话短说，当您最初尝试运行已完成的应用程序时(在按练习中列出的方式填写发现事件之后)，也会出现相同的异常。与培训包捆绑的是几个批处理脚本(AFAICT使用微软的"开源"许可，所以我应该能够共享这些脚本)来设置或删除"URL acl"。实际上，它们似乎只有一个(有用的)命令:

文件:AddURLACL.cmd

@Echo Off
@Echo Grant permissions for URL reservation
@Echo Parameter 1 "%1" == port
@Echo Parameter 2 "%2" == URL
pause
netsh http add urlacl url=http://+:%1/%2 user=%USERDOMAIN%%USERNAME%

文件:DelURLACL.cmd

@Echo Off
@Echo Deletes permissions for URL reservation
@Echo Parameter 1 "%1" == port
@Echo Parameter 2 "%2" == URL
pause
netsh http delete urlacl url=http://+:%1/%2

显然，netsh命令是唯一重要的命令。该示例项目要求您使用以下命令(从"以管理员身份运行"命令提示符窗口)来"修复"此异常:

C:VS2010TrainingKitLabsWhatsNewInWCF4SourceSetupAddURLACL.cmd 8000

(我使用绝对路径只是为了告诉你在训练包中你可以找到这些脚本;当我这样做的时候，我个人是在WhatsNewInWCF4Source目录下)

字符串8000在整个项目中只出现一次:

C:VS2010TrainingKitLabsWhatsNewInWCF4SourceEx4-ServiceDiscoveryBeginC#>findstr /n /s "8000" *
DiscoveryChatSimpleChat.cs:376:            this.localAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:8000/" + Guid.NewGuid().ToString());

看起来端口8000是聊天客户端试图启动服务主机的端口(不要问我它们是如何共享的…我假设他们使用的ServiceHost类足够智能，可以重用现有的服务…)。

我还没有对此进行彻底的实验，但它似乎已经"修复"了我的EvalService项目(当我将端口更改为8000时)。这是目前大多数端点被删除(只剩下basicHttpBinding端点)，baseAddress设置为localhost:8000。

如果这也适用于你，请告诉我。

我对同样的问题感到沮丧。最后，我自己找到了解决方案，通过右键单击Visual Studio 2010并选择"以管理员身份运行"，以管理员身份运行Visual Studio。

问题出在您的配置中。您正在端点中引用证书。要么删除它们:

<certificateReference storeName="My" storeLocation="LocalMachine" x509FindType="FindBySubjectDistinguishedName" />

或者您将一些证书放入证书存储区。我建议此时删除"标识"配置部分，直到您对WCF有了更多的了解。对于初学者，请尝试只使用基本的端点配置，并从了解WCF的基础知识开始工作。WCF根据您的具体需求为您提供了大量(非常多)的配置选项。

也许这些链接比你一直在看的视频更能帮助你进入WCF:

Windows通信基础入门指南
什么是Windows Communication Foundation

我想我应该从我正在阅读的内容中添加一个更新的综合答案。

虽然我们都可以竭尽全力允许证书的权限，但大多数阅读本文的人实际上只是想让WCF端点尽快启动并运行。

只有几个选择。

1. sudipto-kumar-mukherjee above states "I was frustated with the same issue. 
Finally I found the solution by myself by running the Visual Studio as Administrator 
by right clicking Visual Studio 2010 and choosing 'Run As Administrator'."   
--> Yes,  this     will work.
OR
2. nasp.tech response with 
"Doesn't Work"
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:8732/AMessageService" />
"Works!"
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:8732/Design_Time_Addresses/AMessageService" />

这两种方法似乎都是解决这个问题最快的方法。

要以管理员身份运行，右键单击Visual Studio并从上下文菜单中选择以管理员身份运行。要始终以管理员身份运行，右键单击Visual Studio，然后转到上下文菜单中的属性进入兼容性选项卡，然后选择以管理员身份运行此程序。

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