在python中,如果我通过os.walk递归迭代所有文件夹,以找到任何具有定义扩展名的过滤器。这是我现在的密码;
def get_data_paths(root_path, ext = '*.jpg'):
import os
import fnmatch
matches = []
classes = []
class_names = []
for root, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(root_path):
for filename in fnmatch.filter(filenames, ext):
matches.append(os.path.join(root, filename))
class_name = os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(os.path.join(root, filename)))
if class_name not in class_names:
class_names.append(class_name)
classes.append(class_names.index(class_name))
print "There are ",len(matches), " files're found!!"
return matches, classes, class_names
然而,这里的问题是,这个函数访问文件夹的文件夹名称顺序很奇怪。相反,我想穿过A-Z。我应该如何修改此代码或使用任何其他替代方法来执行此操作?
默认情况下,os.walk
的topdown
参数为True
,因此在其自己的目录下降之前会报告目录三元组。文件状态:
调用方可以就地修改
dirnames
列表(可能使用del
或切片分配),并且walk()
将只递归到名称保留在dirnames
中的子目录中;这可以用于修剪搜索,强制执行特定的访问顺序,甚至在调用方再次恢复walk()
之前通知walk()
调用方创建或重命名的目录。
大胆面对我。所以你所需要做的就是:
for root, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(root_path):
dirnames[:] = natsort.natsorted(dirnames)
# continue with other directory processing...
由于需要就地编辑列表,因此需要使用[:]
切片表示法。
以下是os.walk
的操作示例。给定一个目录树,它看起来像:
$ ls -RF cm3mm/SAM3/src
Applets/ RTC.cc SAM3X/
DBGUWriteString.cc SAM3A/ SMC.cc.in
EEFC.cc SAM3N/ SoftBoot.cc
Memories.txt SAM3S/
PIO.cc SAM3U/
cm3mm/SAM3/src/Applets:
AppletAPI.cc IntFlash.cc Main.cc MessageSink.cc Runtime.cc
cm3mm/SAM3/src/SAM3A:
Map.txt Pins.txt
cm3mm/SAM3/src/SAM3N:
Map.txt Pins.txt
cm3mm/SAM3/src/SAM3S:
Map.txt Pins.txt
cm3mm/SAM3/src/SAM3U:
Map.txt Pins.txt
cm3mm/SAM3/src/SAM3X:
Map.txt Pins.txt
现在,让我们看看os.walk
的作用:
>>> import os
>>> for root, dirnames, filenames in os.walk("cm3mm/SAM3/src"):
... print "-----"
... print "root =", root
... print "dirnames =", dirnames
... print "filenames =", filenames
...
-----
root = cm3mm/SAM3/src
dirnames = ['Applets', 'SAM3A', 'SAM3N', 'SAM3S', 'SAM3U', 'SAM3X']
filenames = ['DBGUWriteString.cc', 'EEFC.cc', 'Memories.txt', 'PIO.cc', 'RTC.cc', 'SMC.cc.in', 'SoftBoot.cc']
-----
root = cm3mm/SAM3/src/Applets
dirnames = []
filenames = ['AppletAPI.cc', 'IntFlash.cc', 'Main.cc', 'MessageSink.cc', 'Runtime.cc']
-----
root = cm3mm/SAM3/src/SAM3A
dirnames = []
filenames = ['Map.txt', 'Pins.txt']
-----
root = cm3mm/SAM3/src/SAM3N
dirnames = []
filenames = ['Map.txt', 'Pins.txt']
-----
root = cm3mm/SAM3/src/SAM3S
dirnames = []
filenames = ['Map.txt', 'Pins.txt']
-----
root = cm3mm/SAM3/src/SAM3U
dirnames = []
filenames = ['Map.txt', 'Pins.txt']
-----
root = cm3mm/SAM3/src/SAM3X
dirnames = []
filenames = ['Map.txt', 'Pins.txt']
每次通过循环,您都会获得一个目录的目录和文件。我们确切地知道哪个文件属于哪个文件夹:filenames
中的文件属于文件夹root
。
我这样修改了代码;
def get_data_paths(root_path, ext = '*.jpg'):
import os
import fnmatch
import natsort # import this
matches = []
classes = []
class_names = []
dir_list= natsort.natsorted(list(os.walk(root_path))) # add this
for root, dirnames, filenames in dir_list:
for filename in fnmatch.filter(filenames, ext):
matches.append(os.path.join(root, filename))
class_name = os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(os.path.join(root, filename)))
if class_name not in class_names:
class_names.append(class_name)
classes.append(class_names.index(class_name))
print "There are ",len(matches), " files're found!!"
return matches, classes, class_names