用某些扩展名替换所有文件的内容

Question

我必须用特定的扩展名替换所有文件中的一些内容。

例如：在文件夹to change中，我可能有多个子文件夹，现在我想将所有扩展名为html 的文件中的文本isabcd更改为isxyz

这个命令的批次是什么，我使用的是windows

实际上会有多个项目，我需要更换。我有密钥值形式的它们，需要在文件夹中的所有文件中逐一替换它们

我的文本将有双引号，我希望将其替换我的文本如下

if (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("firefox") > -1
|| (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie") > -1 && loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie 7") != -1))

我想把它转换成

if (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf(aaa.FIRE_FOX) > -1
|| (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf(aaa.MSIE) > -1 && loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf(aaa.IE_7) != -1))

conf.txt文件将具有类似的输入

 AAA.PY_ERROR_OCCURRED_WHILE_GETTING_PAYMENT_LIST_SCREEN_FOR_ORG_TYPE:::"Error occurred while getting payment list screen for org type: "
AAA.PY_AO_PAYMENT_LIST_SIZE:::"aoPaymentListSize"
AAA.PY_AO_PAYMENT_STATUS:::"aoPaymentStatus"

其中:::右侧的文本是需要替换的文本(用双引号(，该文本也可能包含特殊字符，左侧的字符串是我希望用替换的文本

PS：很抱歉要求直接解决。BUt我对批处理文件一无所知：(

Answer 1

我写了一个名为REPL.BAT的混合JScript/批处理实用程序，它可以帮助解决这个问题。我相信它将比任何纯批处理解决方案都快得多。另一个不错的功能是，这个解决方案可以很容易地进行正则表达式搜索和替换，而不是字符串文字搜索和替换。

假设我的REPL.BAT和你的conf.txt与你的html文件在同一个文件夹中，那么下面的脚本应该可以工作：

@echo off
setlocal disableDelayedExpansion
:: Define LF to contain a newline (0x0A) character
set LF=^

:: The 2 blank lines above are critical - DO NOT REMOVE
:: Read the search and replace strings and store them in an "array"
:: Also, create a variable containing a cascading set of piped commands to
:: carry out each search and replace
:: Normally the search is in the s array, and the replacement in the r array.
:: But if the replacement is an empty string, then the search is in the r array
:: and the s array value is undefined.
set "cnt=0"
set "update="
for /f delims^=^ eol^= %%A in (conf.txt) do (
  set "ln=%%A"
  set /a cnt+=1
  setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
  for %%n in ("!LF!") do set "ln=!ln::::=%%~n!"
  for %%N in (!cnt!) do (
    for /f delims^=^ eol^= %%U in (""!update!"") do (
      for /f delims^=^ eol^= %%L in ("!ln!") do (
        if "!"=="" endlocal
        if not defined r%%N (
          set "r%%N=%%L"
        ) else (
          set "s%%N=%%L"
        )
      )
      if "!"=="" endlocal
      if defined s%%N (
        set "update=%%~U|repl s%%N r%%N vl"
      ) else if defined r%%N (
        set "update=%%~U|repl r%%N "" vl"
      )
    )
  )
)
:: Process each file
for %%F in (*.html) do (
  echo processing %%F
  type "%%F" %update% >"%%F.new"
  move /y "%%F.new" "%%F" >nul
)
echo Done!

该脚本构建了一个搜索和替换字符串的"数组"：s1,s2,...sn和r1,r2,...rn

它还构建了一个类似的update命令

|repl s1 r1 vl|repl s2 r2 vl...|repl sn rn vl

每个文件都通过执行搜索和替换的管道REPL命令集传递，每个REPL命令一个。

上面的脚本有以下限制：

• 我构建的最后一个update命令的长度必须小于8191个字符，因此一次可以执行的搜索和替换操作的数量是有限制的。理论上的限制是大约480个替换，尽管我不知道Windows在一个命令中使用这么多管道会有什么表现
• 任何搜索或替换字符串都不能包含:::。这是conf.txt文件设计所固有的

这是上面的脚本所需要的REPL.BAT文件。完整的文档嵌入在脚本中。上面的脚本使用V选项读取搜索并替换变量中的字符串，使用L选项强制进行文字搜索而不是正则表达式搜索。

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* Harmless hybrid line that begins a JScript comment
::************ Documentation ***********
:::
:::REPL  Search  Replace  [Options  [SourceVar]]
:::REPL  /?
:::
:::  Performs a global search and replace operation on each line of input from
:::  stdin and prints the result to stdout.
:::
:::  Each parameter may be optionally enclosed by double quotes. The double
:::  quotes are not considered part of the argument. The quotes are required
:::  if the parameter contains a batch token delimiter like space, tab, comma,
:::  semicolon. The quotes should also be used if the argument contains a
:::  batch special character like &, |, etc. so that the special character
:::  does not need to be escaped with ^.
:::
:::  If called with a single argument of /? then prints help documentation
:::  to stdout.
:::
:::  Search  - By default this is a case sensitive JScript (ECMA) regular
:::            expression expressed as a string.
:::
:::            JScript regex syntax documentation is available at
:::            http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ae5bf541(v=vs.80).aspx
:::
:::  Replace - By default this is the string to be used as a replacement for
:::            each found search expression. Full support is provided for
:::            substituion patterns available to the JScript replace method.
:::            A $ literal can be escaped as $$. An empty replacement string
:::            must be represented as "".
:::
:::            Replace substitution pattern syntax is documented at
:::            http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/library/efy6s3e6(v=vs.80).aspx
:::
:::  Options - An optional string of characters used to alter the behavior
:::            of REPL. The option characters are case insensitive, and may
:::            appear in any order.
:::
:::            I - Makes the search case-insensitive.
:::
:::            L - The Search is treated as a string literal instead of a
:::                regular expression. Also, all $ found in Replace are
:::                treated as $ literals.
:::
:::            B - The Search must match the beginning of a line.
:::                Mostly used with literal searches.
:::
:::            E - The Search must match the end of a line.
:::                Mostly used with literal searches.
:::
:::            V - Search and Replace represent the name of environment
:::                variables that contain the respective values. An undefined
:::                variable is treated as an empty string.
:::
:::            M - Multi-line mode. The entire contents of stdin is read and
:::                processed in one pass instead of line by line. ^ anchors
:::                the beginning of a line and $ anchors the end of a line.
:::
:::            X - Enables extended substitution pattern syntax with support
:::                for the following escape sequences:
:::
:::                \     -  Backslash
:::                b     -  Backspace
:::                f     -  Formfeed
:::                n     -  Newline
:::                r     -  Carriage Return
:::                t     -  Horizontal Tab
:::                v     -  Vertical Tab
:::                xnn   -  Ascii (Latin 1) character expressed as 2 hex digits
:::                unnnn -  Unicode character expressed as 4 hex digits
:::
:::                Escape sequences are supported even when the L option is used.
:::
:::            S - The source is read from an environment variable instead of
:::                from stdin. The name of the source environment variable is
:::                specified in the next argument after the option string.
:::
::************ Batch portion ***********
@echo off
if .%2 equ . (
  if "%~1" equ "/?" (
    findstr "^:::" "%~f0" | cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" "^:::" ""
    exit /b 0
  ) else (
    call :err "Insufficient arguments"
    exit /b 1
  )
)
echo(%~3|findstr /i "[^SMILEBVX]" >nul && (
  call :err "Invalid option(s)"
  exit /b 1
)
cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" %*
exit /b 0
:err
>&2 echo ERROR: %~1. Use REPL /? to get help.
exit /b
************* JScript portion **********/
var env=WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell").Environment("Process");
var args=WScript.Arguments;
var search=args.Item(0);
var replace=args.Item(1);
var options="g";
if (args.length>2) {
  options+=args.Item(2).toLowerCase();
}
var multi=(options.indexOf("m")>=0);
var srcVar=(options.indexOf("s")>=0);
if (srcVar) {
  options=options.replace(/s/g,"");
}
if (options.indexOf("v")>=0) {
  options=options.replace(/v/g,"");
  search=env(search);
  replace=env(replace);
}
if (options.indexOf("l")>=0) {
  options=options.replace(/l/g,"");
  search=search.replace(/([.^$*+?()[{\|])/g,"\$1");
  replace=replace.replace(/$/g,"$$$$");
}
if (options.indexOf("b")>=0) {
  options=options.replace(/b/g,"");
  search="^"+search
}
if (options.indexOf("e")>=0) {
  options=options.replace(/e/g,"");
  search=search+"$"
}
if (options.indexOf("x")>=0) {
  options=options.replace(/x/g,"");
  replace=replace.replace(/\\/g,"\B");
  replace=replace.replace(/\b/g,"b");
  replace=replace.replace(/\f/g,"f");
  replace=replace.replace(/\n/g,"n");
  replace=replace.replace(/\r/g,"r");
  replace=replace.replace(/\t/g,"t");
  replace=replace.replace(/\v/g,"v");
  replace=replace.replace(/\x[0-9a-fA-F]{2}|\u[0-9a-fA-F]{4}/g,
    function($0,$1,$2){
      return String.fromCharCode(parseInt("0x"+$0.substring(2)));
    }
  );
  replace=replace.replace(/\B/g,"\");
}
var search=new RegExp(search,options);
if (srcVar) {
  WScript.Stdout.Write(env(args.Item(3)).replace(search,replace));
} else {
  while (!WScript.StdIn.AtEndOfStream) {
    if (multi) {
      WScript.Stdout.Write(WScript.StdIn.ReadAll().replace(search,replace));
    } else {
      WScript.Stdout.WriteLine(WScript.StdIn.ReadLine().replace(search,replace));
    }
  }
}

Answer 2

@echo off
setlocal DisableDelayedExpansion
rem Load the replacement table from conf.txt file
set n=0
for /F "usebackq delims=" %%a in ("%~P0conf.txt") do (
   set "line=%%a"
   set /A n+=1
   setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
   rem Use the first special character here, after second equal-sign and 15 characters forward
   rem and the second special character after the third equal-sign
   for /F "tokens=1,2 delims=Ç" %%b in ("!n!Ç!line::::=ü!") do (
      endlocal
      set "replace[%%b]=%%c"
   )
)
rem Process all HTML files in toChange folder
setlocal DisableDelayedExpansion
cd "C:toChange"
for /R %%a in (*.html) do (
   rem Process all lines of this file
   (for /F "usebackq delims=" %%b in ("%%a") do (
      set "line=%%b"
      setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
      rem Make the replacements
      for /L %%i in (1,1,%n%) do (
         rem Use the second special character here, after second equal-sign
         for /F "tokens=1,2 delims=ü" %%c in ("!replace[%%i]!") do (
            set "line=!line:%%d=%%c!"
         )
      )
      echo !line!
      endlocal
   )) > "%%a.txt"
   rem Remove the REM in next lines to delete original .html file and rename the created one
   REM del "%%a"
   REM ren "%%a.txt" "%%~NXa"
)

上面的批处理程序在文件中生成其输出，这些文件的名称与原始文件的名称相同，并添加了".txt"扩展名。如果结果正确，请删除批处理文件末尾的REM命令以删除原始.hmtl文件并重命名创建的文件。我用这个数据测试了这个程序：

conf.txt

AAA.PY_ERROR_OCCURRED_WHILE_GETTING_PAYMENT_LIST_SCREEN_FOR_ORG_TYPE:::"Error occurred while getting payment list screen for org type: "
AAA.PY_AO_PAYMENT_LIST_SIZE:::"aoPaymentListSize"
AAA.PY_AO_PAYMENT_STATUS:::"aoPaymentStatus"
aaa.FIRE_FOX:::"firefox"
aaa.MSIE:::"msie"
aaa.IE_7:::"msie 7"

example.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<!-- Example HTML file -->
Normal text. <b>Bold text.</b> <i>Italic text.</i>
if (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("firefox") > -1
|| (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie") > -1 && loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie 7") != -1))

输出：example.html.txt

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<!-- Example HTML file -->
Normal text. <b>Bold text.</b> <i>Italic text.</i>
if (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf(aaa.FIRE_FOX) > -1
|| (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf(aaa.MSIE) > -1 && loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf(aaa.IE_7) != -1))

conf.txt文件必须位于Batch文件的同一文件夹中。

程序从输入文件中删除空行。如果你想的话，这可能很容易解决。

程序可能有些慢。这可能会在一定程度上得到改善，但需要进行广泛的修改。

编辑：我修改了该程序的前一版本，以便：

• 正确处理conf.txt文件中的感叹号
• 使用特殊字符分隔conf.txt文件的替换值，而不是使用等号

请注意，您可以在自己的文本中使用字符组合作为分隔符，如:::，但在某些批处理管理中，分隔符必须仅为一个字符。这个细节迫使我们选择一个不能出现在conf.txt文件中的特定字符。我的程序需要两个不同的特殊字符用作分隔符。我选择了Ascii字符128(Ç(和129(ü(；如果这些字符可能出现在conf.txt文件中，那么您必须选择另一个字符，并在程序中的指定点更改它们。很抱歉，在批处理文件中没有其他方法可以执行此操作。

Answer 3

启动mintty.exe(您的cygwin终端(并执行以下命令。根据需要修改/cygdrive/c/Users/etc。

find /cygdrive/c/Users/Varun/Documents/etc/toChange -type f -iname '*.html' -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i -r -e "/aaa.[A-Z1-9_]+s*=/!s/WfirefoxW/aaa.FIRE_FOX/g" -e "/aaa.[A-Z1-9_]+s*=/!s/Wmsie 7W/aaa.IE_7/g" -e "/aaa.[A-Z1-9_]+s*=/!s/WmsieW/aaa.MSIE/g"

这意味着：

• 在CCD_ 16内
• 查找扩展名为.html的f文件(而非目录(
• 将每个匹配传递给sed，后者将内联修改内容
• 对于不包含CCD_ 20或类似的的每一行，
  • 全局搜索[non alpha-numeric]firefox[non alpha-numeric]
  • 并替换为aaa.FIRE_FOX

等等

test.html之前：

var aaa.FIRE_FOX="firefox"
var aaa.MSIE="msie"
var aaa.IE_7="msie 7"
if (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("firefox") > -1
|| (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie") > -1 && loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie 7") != -1))

test.htmlfind | xargs sed命令后：

var aaa.FIRE_FOX="firefox"
var aaa.MSIE="msie"
var aaa.IE_7="msie 7"
if (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf(aaa.FIRE_FOX) > -1
|| (loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf(aaa.MSIE) > -1 && loUserAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf(aaa.IE_7) != -1))

如果这对你不起作用，也许Endoro建议使用WinGrep之类的GUI可能会更好