当我开始收到这些错误消息时，我几乎完成了本教程。有人可以给我一个起点，从哪里开始找出问题所在。 你们都需要查看哪些文件？
失败：
1) MicropostsController DELETE 'destroy' for an unauthorized user should deny access
Failure/Error: response.should redirect_to(root_path)
Expected response to be a redirect to <http://test.host/> but was a redirect to <http://test.host/signin>
# ./spec/controllers/microposts_controller_spec.rb:72:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
2) UsersController GET 'new' should be successful
Failure/Error: get :new
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x00000005a62f70>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:131:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
3) UsersController GET 'new' should have the right title
Failure/Error: get :new
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x00000004242df0>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:136:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
4) UsersController GET 'new' POST 'create' failure should have the right title
Failure/Error: post :create, :user => @attr
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x00000004c96518>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/controllers/users_controller.rb:29:in `create'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:148:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
5) UsersController GET 'new' POST 'create' failure should render the 'new' page
Failure/Error: post :create, :user => @attr
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x000000056482c8>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/controllers/users_controller.rb:29:in `create'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:152:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
6) UsersController GET 'new' POST 'create' failure should not create a user
Failure/Error: post :create, :user => @attr
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x000000051f8038>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/controllers/users_controller.rb:29:in `create'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:157:in `block (6 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:156:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
7) UsersController GET 'new' GET 'edit' should be succesful
Failure/Error: get :edit, :id => @user
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x000000053301f8>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:5:in `block in _app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:197:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
8) UsersController GET 'new' GET 'edit' should have the right title
Failure/Error: get :edit, :id => @user
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x0000000508af20>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:5:in `block in _app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:202:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
9) UsersController GET 'new' GET 'edit' should have a link to change the gravatar
Failure/Error: get :edit, :id => @user
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x000000059d7d08>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:5:in `block in _app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:207:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
10) UsersController GET 'new' PUT 'update' should change the user's attributes
Failure/Error: put :update, :id => @user, :user => @attr
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x00000004cf6990>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:5:in `block in _app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./app/controllers/users_controller.rb:43:in `update'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:247:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
11) UsersController GET 'new' PUT 'update' should have the right title
Failure/Error: put :update, :id => @user, :user => @attr
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x000000054200b8>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:5:in `block in _app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./app/controllers/users_controller.rb:43:in `update'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:255:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
12) UsersController GET 'new' PUT 'update' failure should render the 'edit' page
Failure/Error: put :update, :id => @user, :user => @attr
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x000000057c0448>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:5:in `block in _app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./app/controllers/users_controller.rb:43:in `update'
# ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:231:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
13) FriendlyForwardings should forward to the requested page after signin
Failure/Error: click_button
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x0000000541df48>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:5:in `block in _app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./app/views/users/edit.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_edit_html_erb___4049085790763719618_40974080'
# ./spec/requests/friendly_forwardings_spec.rb:10:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
14) LayoutLinks should have an signup page at '/signup'
Failure/Error: get '/signup'
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x00000003980370>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./spec/requests/layout_links_spec.rb:28:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
15) LayoutLinks should have the right links on the layout
Failure/Error: click_link "Sign up now!"
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x000000058c3098>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./spec/requests/layout_links_spec.rb:47:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
16) creation failure should not make a new micropost
Failure/Error: fill_in :micropost_content, :with => ""
Webrat::NotFoundError:
Could not find field: :micropost_content
# ./spec/requests/microposts_spec.rb:17:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/microposts_spec.rb:15:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
17) creation success should make a new micropost
Failure/Error: fill_in :micropost_content, :with => content
Webrat::NotFoundError:
Could not find field: :micropost_content
# ./spec/requests/microposts_spec.rb:30:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/microposts_spec.rb:28:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
18) Users signup failure should not make a new user
Failure/Error: visit signup_path
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x00000005766c40>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./spec/requests/users_spec.rb:11:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/users_spec.rb:10:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
19) Users signup success should make a new
Failure/Error: visit signup_path
ActionView::Template::Error:
undefined local variable or method `object' for #<#<Class:0x000000051d2680>:0x000000059e8bd0>
# ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:1:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___1348716384004617740_45632520'
# ./app/views/users/_fields.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_users__fields_html_erb___3244409800155025389_45601120'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:3:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___2634588673674572576_47386100'
# ./spec/requests/users_spec.rb:27:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/users_spec.rb:26:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
Finished in 4.31 seconds
124 examples, 19 failures
Failed examples:
rspec ./spec/controllers/microposts_controller_spec.rb:70 # MicropostsController DELETE 'destroy' for an unauthorized user should deny access
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:130 # UsersController GET 'new' should be successful
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:135 # UsersController GET 'new' should have the right title
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:147 # UsersController GET 'new' POST 'create' failure should have the right title
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:151 # UsersController GET 'new' POST 'create' failure should render the 'new' page
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:155 # UsersController GET 'new' POST 'create' failure should not create a user
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:196 # UsersController GET 'new' GET 'edit' should be succesful
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:201 # UsersController GET 'new' GET 'edit' should have the right title
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:206 # UsersController GET 'new' GET 'edit' should have a link to change the gravatar
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:246 # UsersController GET 'new' PUT 'update' should change the user's attributes
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:254 # UsersController GET 'new' PUT 'update' should have the right title
rspec ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:230 # UsersController GET 'new' PUT 'update' failure should render the 'edit' page
rspec ./spec/requests/friendly_forwardings_spec.rb:4 # FriendlyForwardings should forward to the requested page after signin
rspec ./spec/requests/layout_links_spec.rb:27 # LayoutLinks should have an signup page at '/signup'
rspec ./spec/requests/layout_links_spec.rb:38 # LayoutLinks should have the right links on the layout
rspec ./spec/requests/microposts_spec.rb:14 # creation failure should not make a new micropost
rspec ./spec/requests/microposts_spec.rb:26 # creation success should make a new micropost
rspec ./spec/requests/users_spec.rb:8 # Users signup failure should not make a new user
rspec ./spec/requests/users_spec.rb:25 # Users signup success should make a new
# Finished at 2012-05-15 16:41:20
这是_error_messages.html.erb
<% if object.errors.any? %>
<div id="error_explanation">
<h2>
<%= pluralize(object.errors.count, "error") %>
prohibited this <%= object.class.to_s.underscore.humanize.downcase %> from being saved:
</h2>
<p>There were problems with the following fields:</p>
<ul>
<% object.errors.full_messages.each do |message| %>
<li><%= message %></li>
<% end %>
</ul>
</div>
<% end %>
这是我的_micropost_form.html.erb
<%= form_for(@micropost) do |f| %>
<%= render 'shared/error_messages', :object => f.object %>
<div class="field">
<%= f.text_area :content %>
</div>
<div class="=actions">
<%= f.submit "Submit" %>
</div>
<%end%>
这是_fields.html.erb
<%= render 'shared/error_messages'%>
<div class="field">
<%= f.label :name %><br/>
<%= f.text_field :name%>
</div>
<div class="field">
<%= f.label :email %><br/>
<%= f.text_field :email %>
</div>
<div class="field">
<%= f.label :password %><br/>
<%= f.password_field :password %>
</div>
<div class="field">
<%= f.label :password_confirmation, "Confirmation" %><br/>
<%= f.password_field :password_confirmation %>
</div>
错误 2 到 15 有一个简单的修复：您的 _fields.html.erb 在第一行缺少一些代码。整行应为：
app/views/layouts/_fields.html.erb
<%= render 'shared/error_messages', object: f.object %> #object: f.object allows the form variable to
#access the associated object.
不幸的是，我无法对您的其余错误做任何事情，因为您的相关代码没有附加。
截至本文发布时，这仍然是本书最新版本中的一个问题。
在本书的前面，用户相关表单的字段被重构，并放在呈现shared/error_messages的部分_fields.html.erb中。
users/new和users/edit文件不需要修改，如书中所述，唯一需要修改的部分是_fields.html.erb传递object: f.object shared/error_messages
我也遇到了这个问题，为了解决这个问题，我没有调整迈克尔示例中的代码，我只是将_fields.html.erb部分从 views/users 文件夹移动到 views/shared 文件夹。进入共享文件夹后，它似乎接受来自两个控制器的对象。希望这有帮助。
我认为您需要转到调用_error_messages部分的文件，并简单地确保使用以下方法调用它：
<%= render 'shared/error_messages', object: f.object %>
这是因为您要添加隐藏字段标记。