我不想在 Java 中重复代码Selenium

Question

我不想在使用TestNG的每个测试用例中重复下面的代码。请给个建议。我保留prop和fis作为全局变量，在openBrowser()中初始化它们，然后在其他方法中使用，但我在道具上得到NullPointerExeption。如果我加上下面几行，那我就不明白了。

我只想加载一次属性文件并重新使用它。

Properties prop = new Properties();
FileInputStream fis = new
FileInputStream("C:\Users\xxxxx\URL.properties");
prop.load(fis);  

代码:

public class CallUrl {  
WebDriver driver;
Properties prop ;
FileInputStream fis;        
@BeforeTest
public void openBrowser() throws IOException
{
     Properties prop = new Properties();
     FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("C:\Users\xxxx\URL.properties");
     prop.load(fis);             System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","C:\Users\xxxx\chromedriver.exe");
        String browserType = prop.getProperty("Browser");       
    if ( browserType.equals("Chrome"))
        {             System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","C:\Users\Ashish\Documents\Selenium\drivers\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe");
          driver = new ChromeDriver(options);   
        }
    else if(browserType.equals("FireFox"))
    {
        driver = new FirefoxDriver();
    }         
}
@Test
public void openURL() throws IOException
{   
    Properties prop = new Properties();
    FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("C:\Users\xxxxx\URL.properties");
    prop.load(fis); 
        driver.get(prop.getProperty("URL"));
        WebDriverWait myDynamicElement = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);          myDynamicElement.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//input[@name='userName']")));
}
@Test(dependsOnMethods={"openURL"})
public void loginToTours () throws InterruptedException, IOException
{
    Properties prop = new Properties();
    FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("C:\Users\xxxxx\URL.properties");
    prop.load(fis);         driver.findElement(By.name("userName")).sendKeys(prop.getProperty("login"));        driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys(prop.getProperty("password"));
    driver.findElement(By.name("login")).click();       
}       
}

Answer 1

您可以将它们移动到BeforeClass，它将在类的所有测试之前只执行一次。我个人不喜欢让测试启动浏览器，直接处理页面元素的想法。我建议你实现页面对象模型-检查这里

public class CallUrl {
 WebDriver driver;
 Properties prop;
 @BeforeClass
 public void loadProps(){
    prop = new Properties();
    FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("C:\Users\xxxx\URL.properties");
    prop.load(fis);
 }

 @BeforeTest
 public void openBrowser() throws IOException {
  System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\Users\xxxx\chromedriver.exe");
  String browserType = prop.getProperty("Browser");
  if (browserType.equals("Chrome")) {
   System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\Users\Ashish\Documents\Selenium\drivers\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe");
   driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
  } else if (browserType.equals("FireFox")) {
   driver = new FirefoxDriver();
  }
 }
 @Test
 public void openURL() throws IOException {
  driver.get(prop.getProperty("URL"));
  WebDriverWait myDynamicElement = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);
  myDynamicElement.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//input[@name='userName']")));
 }
 @Test(dependsOnMethods = {
  "openURL"
 })
 public void loginToTours() throws InterruptedException, IOException {
  driver.findElement(By.name("userName")).sendKeys(prop.getProperty("login"));
  driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys(prop.getProperty("password"));
  driver.findElement(By.name("login")).click();
 }
}