我组织了我的django结构，有一个视图和urls文件夹。 当在/appfolder/urls/_init_.py中导入django.contrib.auth.views.login时，或者实际上在 urls 或 views 文件夹中的任何位置，如下所示：
from django.contrib.auth.views import login
我一直得到：
导入错误：无法导入名称登录
我认为这与结构的变化有关。我想将其包含在我的 url 模式中，如下所示：
path('portal/', login, {'template_name': 'portal/index.html'})
如何在不出现循环导入错误的情况下导入登录？
目录结构
appfolder
│
└─── __init__.py
└─── admin.py
└─── apps.py
└─── forms.py
└─── models.py
│
└───urls
│ │ __init__.py |
│ │ books_urls.py |
| | movies_urls.py |
| | portal_urls.py |
│ |_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _|
|
└───views
│ │ __init__.py |
│ │ books_views.py |
| | movies_views.py |
| | portal_views.py |
│ |_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ |
appfolder/urls/_ init _.py
from django.urls import include
from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib.auth.views import login
from .books_urls import *
from .movies_urls import *
from .portal_urls import *
urlpatterns = [
path('accounts/', include('django.contrib.auth.urls')),
path('portal/', login, {'template_name': 'portal/index.html'}),
path('portal/', include('appfolder.urls.portal_urls')),
path('movies/', include('appfolder.urls.movies_urls')),
path('books/', include('appfolder.urls.books_urls')),
]
urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
堆栈跟踪：
> Unhandled exception in thread started by <function
> check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x0000013AEBD7D048> Traceback (most
> recent call last): File
> "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangoutilsautoreload.py",
> line 225, in wrapper
> fn(*args, **kwargs) File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangocoremanagementcommandsrunserver.py",
> line 117, in inner_run
> self.check(display_num_errors=True) File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangocoremanagementbase.py",
> line 379, in check
> include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks, File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangocoremanagementbase.py",
> line 366, in _run_checks
> return checks.run_checks(**kwargs) File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangocorechecksregistry.py",
> line 71, in run_checks
> new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs) File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangocorechecksurls.py",
> line 40, in check_url_namespaces_unique
> all_namespaces = _load_all_namespaces(resolver) File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangocorechecksurls.py",
> line 57, in _load_all_namespaces
> url_patterns = getattr(resolver, 'url_patterns', []) File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangoutilsfunctional.py",
> line 37, in __get__
> res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance) File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangourlsresolvers.py",
> line 533, in url_patterns
> patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module) File
> "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangoutilsfunctional.py",
> line 37, in __get__
> res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance) File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangourlsresolvers.py",
> line 526, in urlconf_module
> return import_module(self.urlconf_name) File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibimportlib__init__.py", line 126, in
> import_module
> return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import File
> "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load File
> "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
> File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
> File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in
> exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in
> _call_with_frames_removed File "C:UsersUserDesktopprojectcompanycomcomurls.py", line 10, in
> <module>
> path('', include('appfolder.urls')), File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibsite-packagesdjangourlsconf.py",
> line 34, in include
> urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module) File "C:UsersUserEnvswebshoplibimportlib__init__.py", line 126, in
> import_module
> return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import File
> "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load File
> "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
> File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
> File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in
> exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in
> _call_with_frames_removed File "C:UsersUserDesktopprojectcompanycomappfolderurls__init__.py",
> line 8, in <module>
> from django.contrib.auth.views import login ImportError: cannot import name 'login'
你遇到的问题是，虽然
from .portal_urls import *
只是从当前文件的目录中导入portal_urls.py找到的所有内容，这种类型的导入
import appfolder.urls.portal_urls
将在加载appfolder/urls/portal_urls.py之前同时加载appfolder/__init__.py和appfolder/urls/__init__.py([*] 请参阅底部的示例(。
这就是为什么在您的appfolder/__init__.py编译器通过此导入的原因
...
from .portal_urls import *
在被这个噎住之前：
urlpatterns = [
...
path('portal/', include('appfolder.urls.portal_urls')),
如果您以正常方式构建应用程序，则可以避免此问题，即
appfolder
│ __init__.py
│ urls.py
│
├───books
│ __init__.py
│ urls.py
│
├───movies
│ __init__.py
│ urls.py
│
└───portal
__init__.py
urls.py
其中所有__init__.py文件均为空，appfolder/urls.py包含
urlpatterns = [
...
path(r'^portal/', include('appfolder.portal.urls')),
path(r'^movies/', include('appfolder.movies.urls')),
path(r'^books/', include('appfolder.books.urls')),
这种结构还可以更轻松地将这些文件夹之一拉出到它自己的模块中(如果它增长(。
[*] 如果将print(__file__)放入每个__init__.py文件中，则可以检查导入的内容：
(dev) go|c:srvtmp> python -c "import appfolder.books.urls"
appfolder__init__.py
appfolderbooks__init__.py