我在ubuntu上成功安装了enthought Python(在Amazon EC2实例上运行)。但是，当尝试安装lxml包
时，我得到以下错误(插入日志)/usr/local/bin/pip run on Sat Mar 30 22:05:14 2013
Downloading/unpacking lxml
Running setup.py egg_info for package lxml
/usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'bugtrack_url'
warnings.warn(msg)
Building lxml version 3.1.1.
Building without Cython.
Using build configuration of libxslt 1.1.26
Building against libxml2/libxslt in the following directory: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
running egg_info
writing pip-egg-info/lxml.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing top-level names to pip-egg-info/lxml.egg-info/top_level.txt
writing dependency_links to pip-egg-info/lxml.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
warning: manifest_maker: standard file '-c' not found
reading manifest file 'pip-egg-info/lxml.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
warning: no files found matching '*.txt' under directory 'src/lxml/tests'
writing manifest file 'pip-egg-info/lxml.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
Source in /tmp/pip-build-root/lxml has version 3.1.1, which satisfies requirement lxml
Installing collected packages: lxml
Running setup.py install for lxml
Running command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-root/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('rn', 'n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-1bVipz-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed
/usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'bugtrack_url'
warnings.warn(msg)
Building lxml version 3.1.1.
Building without Cython.
Using build configuration of libxslt 1.1.26
Building against libxml2/libxslt in the following directory: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
running install
running build
running build_py
copying src/lxml/includes/lxml-version.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/lxml/includes
running build_ext
building 'lxml.etree' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/tmp/pip-build-root/lxml/src/lxml/includes -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c: In function ‘__pyx_f_4lxml_5etree__getFilenameForFile’:
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:26852:7: warning: variable ‘__pyx_clineno’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:26851:15: warning: variable ‘__pyx_filename’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:26850:7: warning: variable ‘__pyx_lineno’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c: In function ‘__pyx_pf_4lxml_5etree_4XSLT_18__call__’:
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:138240:81: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘__pyx_f_4lxml_5etree_12_XSLTContext__copy’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:136196:52: note: expected ‘struct __pyx_obj_4lxml_5etree__XSLTContext *’ but argument is of type ‘struct __pyx_obj_4lxml_5etree__BaseContext *’
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c: In function ‘__pyx_f_4lxml_5etree__copyXSLT’:
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:139634:79: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘__pyx_f_4lxml_5etree_12_XSLTContext__copy’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:136196:52: note: expected ‘struct __pyx_obj_4lxml_5etree__XSLTContext *’ but argument is of type ‘struct __pyx_obj_4lxml_5etree__BaseContext *’
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c: At top level:
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:12385:13: warning: ‘__pyx_f_4lxml_5etree_displayNode’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
gcc: internal compiler error: Killed (program cc1)
Please submit a full bug report,
with preprocessed source if appropriate.
See <file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.6/README.Bugs> for instructions.
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 4
Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-root/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('rn', 'n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-1bVipz-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed:
/usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'bugtrack_url'
warnings.warn(msg)
Building lxml version 3.1.1.
Building without Cython.
Using build configuration of libxslt 1.1.26
Building against libxml2/libxslt in the following directory: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
running install
running build
running build_py
copying src/lxml/includes/lxml-version.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/lxml/includes
running build_ext
building 'lxml.etree' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/tmp/pip-build-root/lxml/src/lxml/includes -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c: In function ‘__pyx_f_4lxml_5etree__getFilenameForFile’:
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:26852:7: warning: variable ‘__pyx_clineno’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:26851:15: warning: variable ‘__pyx_filename’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:26850:7: warning: variable ‘__pyx_lineno’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c: In function ‘__pyx_pf_4lxml_5etree_4XSLT_18__call__’:
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:138240:81: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘__pyx_f_4lxml_5etree_12_XSLTContext__copy’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:136196:52: note: expected ‘struct __pyx_obj_4lxml_5etree__XSLTContext *’ but argument is of type ‘struct __pyx_obj_4lxml_5etree__BaseContext *’
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c: In function ‘__pyx_f_4lxml_5etree__copyXSLT’:
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:139634:79: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘__pyx_f_4lxml_5etree_12_XSLTContext__copy’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:136196:52: note: expected ‘struct __pyx_obj_4lxml_5etree__XSLTContext *’ but argument is of type ‘struct __pyx_obj_4lxml_5etree__BaseContext *’
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c: At top level:
src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:12385:13: warning: ‘__pyx_f_4lxml_5etree_displayNode’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
gcc: internal compiler error: Killed (program cc1)
Please submit a full bug report,
with preprocessed source if appropriate.
See <file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.6/README.Bugs> for instructions.
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 4
Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-root/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('rn', 'n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-1bVipz-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-root/lxml
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 139, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 271, in run
requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options, root=options.root_path)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1185, in install
requirement.install(install_options, global_options, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 592, in install
cwd=self.source_dir, filter_stdout=self._filter_install, show_stdout=False)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/util.py", line 662, in call_subprocess
% (command_desc, proc.returncode, cwd))
InstallationError: Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-root/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('rn', 'n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-1bVipz-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-root/lxml
我在我的实例中发现了同样的问题。事实证明，编译lxml会占用大量内存，而我的实例的RAM即将耗尽，因此内核会杀死编译器。
要检查您是否有同样的问题，请在失败后尝试运行dmesg|tail。您将看到如下行:
[2242482.581361] Out of memory: Kill process 8306 (cc1) score 432 or sacrifice child
[2242482.581375] Killed process 8306 (cc1) total-vm:298572kB, anon-rss:260756kB, file-rss:4kB
要在AWS微实例中安装lxml，请遵循以下步骤:
sudo yum install python-devel
sudo yum install libxml2-devel
sudo yum install libxslt-devel
sudo yum install gcc
sudo easy_install pip
sudo pip install lxml
请记住，Amazon只保留一些选定的文件可供安装，有时具有不同的名称。如果您查找:
yum info python-dev
你会发现一个错误:
Error: No matching Packages to list
但是…
yum info python-devel
将显示您需要的内容
Name : python-devel
Arch : noarch
Epoch : 1
Version : 2.6
Release : 2.26.amzn1
Size : 0.0
Repo : installed
From repo : amzn-main
Summary : The libraries and header files needed for Python
: development.
URL : http://www.python.org/
License : PSF
Description : This is a macro package that pulls in via
: dependencies the system default python development
: extensions.
要编译lxml，首先需要安装几个开发库。在Ubuntu上，你可以这样安装:
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt-dev
添加Daniel的答案，除了安装libxslt-devel, python-devel, libxml2-devel
sudo yum groupinstall -y development
sudo yum install libxslt-devel, python-devel, libxml2-devel
如果你收到这样的消息:
[2242482.581361] Out of memory: Kill process 8306 (cc1) score 432 or sacrifice child
[2242482.581375] Killed process 8306 (cc1) total-vm:298572kB, anon-rss:260756kB, file-rss:4kB
您可以创建一个交换文件来充值您的内存，例如添加512Mb的交换文件:
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=512k
sudo mkswap /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile
compile lxml
source:遇到此问题并最终修复