使用干运行选项运行黄瓜时出错

Question

我正试图通过只打开和关闭浏览器一次来提高运行测试的速度。

http://watirmelon.com/2012/04/01/five-page-object-anti-patterns/

我在hooks.rb 中有以下内容

browser = Watir::Browser.new ENV['BROWSER'].to_sym
Before do
  @browser = browser
end
After do |scenario|
  @browser.cookies.clear
end
at_exit do
  browser.close
end

它大大提高了测试套件的运行速度。但我也需要一些来自自定义格式化程序的json文件中的统计信息，而无需运行测试：

cucumber -t @test -d -f Cucumber::Formatter::MyCustomFormatter > result.json

问题是cucumber使用-d选项捕获错误

uninitialized constant Watir (NameError)
/home/user/work/repository/features/support/hooks.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/cucumber-1.3.5/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:122:in `load'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/cucumber-1.3.5/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:122:in `load_code_file'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/cucumber-1.3.5/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:180:in `load_file'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/cucumber-1.3.5/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:83:in `block in load_files!'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/cucumber-1.3.5/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `each'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/cucumber-1.3.5/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `load_files!'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/cucumber-1.3.5/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:183:in `load_step_definitions'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/cucumber-1.3.5/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:42:in `run!'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/cucumber-1.3.5/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:47:in `execute!'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/cucumber-1.3.5/bin/cucumber:13:in `<top (required)>'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/cucumber:23:in `load'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/cucumber:23:in `<main>'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval'
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `<main>'

然后我尝试将Watir.new方法移动到Before块中：

Before do
  if !$somevar
    browser = Watir::Browser.new ENV['BROWSER'].to_sym
    @browser = browser
    $somevar = true
  end
end

并在at_exit块中获取错误：

/home/user/work/repository/features/support/hooks.rb:26:in `block in <top (required)>': undefined local variable or method `browser' for main:Object (NameError)

如果我把@browser.close放在at_exit里面，我得到：

/home/user/work/repository/features/support/hooks.rb:26:in `block in <top (required)>': undefined method `close' for nil:NilClass (NoMethodError)

有没有办法在测试套件中打开/关闭浏览器一次，并使其与cucumber的-d选项一起工作？

Answer 1

问题是干运行（-d）无法加载support/env.rb文件。如果你使用cucumber -h查看帮助，它会显示：

-d、 --干式运行在不执行步骤的情况下调用格式化程序。如果support/env.rb文件存在，这也会省略对该文件的加载。

由于您在env.rb中需要watir网络驱动程序，而env.rb没有加载，那么您的hook文件将不知道watir是什么。

一种解决方案是将require 'watir-webdriver'（或require 'watir'）添加到hooks.rb文件中。

另一种解决方案是将浏览器创建和at_exit挂钩移动到env.rb文件中。这样，当使用干式运行选项时，您将不会看到浏览器打开和关闭。