将URL解析为相应路径的最佳方法是什么,例如
https://www.example.com/path/to/directory/file.jpeg?param1=foo¶m2=bar
导致阵列保持
Array(
["scheme"] => "https",
["host"] => www.example.com
["directory"] => "path/to/directory"
["filename"] => "file"
["extension] => "jpeg"
["path"] => "path/to/directory/file.jpeg",
["file"] => "file.jpeg"
["params"] => Array(
["param1"] => "foo",
["param2"] => "bar"
)
)
注意:键不需要这样命名,它们只是一个示例。
我已经研究过parse_url,但它对路径的划分不够精细,所以进一步的手动处理似乎是不可避免的。
旁注:我已经研究了很多多个问题和答案,但我找不到任何确切的参考,因此我的问题。
最好的方法是结合多个内置php函数的工作,如parse_url(用于基本url部分)、parse_str(用于查询参数)和pathinfo(用于目录、文件名和扩展部分)。
parse_url
parse_url将解析url,并将其拆分为包含以下键(如果它们存在于url中)的关联数组:
- 方案(http、https、ftp…)
- 主机(www.example.com)
- 端口
- 用户
- 通行证
- 路径(需要进一步处理)
- 查询(需要进一步处理)
- 片段(锚点/hashbang部分,散列标记之后的任何部分)
parse_str
str可以用于将来自parse_url的query
部分解析为多维(如果需要的话)关联数组。
路径信息
pathinfo可以用于将来自parse_url的path
部分解析为一个关联数组,该数组可以包含以下密钥:
[dirname] => /path/to/directory
[basename] => file.jpeg
[extension] => jpeg
[filename] => file
把它们放在一起
function decompose_url($url) {
$parts = parse_url($url);
if (!$parts) {
# For seriously malformed urls
return false;
}
# Just for good measure, throw in the top level domain, if there is a host with a top level domain
if (array_key_exists('host', $parts) && strrpos($parts['host'], '.') !== false) {
$domain_parts = explode('.', $parts['host']);
$parts['tld'] = end($domain_parts);
}
if (array_key_exists('path', $parts)) {
$pathinfo = pathinfo($parts['path']);
if (empty($pathinfo['basename'])) {
# With an empty basename, extension and filename will also be empty
unset($pathinfo['basename']);
unset($pathinfo['extension']);
unset($pathinfo['filename']);
}
$parts = array_merge($parts, $pathinfo);
}
if (array_key_exists('query', $parts)) {
parse_str($parts['query'], $query_parts);
$parts['query_parts'] = $query_parts;
}
return $parts;
}
进行测试
$urls = [
'http://www.example.com/',
'http://www.example.com',
'http://www.example.com/test/.jpg',
'http://www.example.com/test/.'
'https://anonymous:dCU7egW1A1L0a6pxU3qu9@www.example.com:8080/path/to/directory/file.jpeg?param1=foo¶m2=bar¶m3[1]=abc¶m3[2]=def#anchor',
'ftp://anonymous@ftp.example.com/pub/test.jpg',
'file:///home/user/.config/test.config',
'chrome://settings/passwords',
];
foreach ($urls as $url) {
echo $url, PHP_EOL;
var_export(decompose_url($url));
echo PHP_EOL, PHP_EOL;
}
将产生以下相应的结果:
http://www.example.com/
array (
'scheme' => 'http',
'host' => 'www.example.com',
'path' => '/',
'tld' => 'com',
'dirname' => '/',
)
http://www.example.com
array (
'scheme' => 'http',
'host' => 'www.example.com',
'tld' => 'com',
)
http://www.example.com/test/.jpg
array (
'scheme' => 'http',
'host' => 'www.example.com',
'path' => '/test/.jpg',
'tld' => 'com',
'dirname' => '/test',
'basename' => '.jpg',
'extension' => 'jpg',
'filename' => '',
)
http://www.example.com/test/.
array (
'scheme' => 'http',
'host' => 'www.example.com',
'path' => '/test/.',
'tld' => 'com',
'dirname' => '/test',
'basename' => '.',
'extension' => '',
'filename' => '',
)
https://anonymous:dCU7egW1A1L0a6pxU3qu9@www.example.com:8080/path/to/directory/file.jpeg?param1=foo¶m2=bar¶m3[1]=abc¶m3[2]=def#anchor
array (
'scheme' => 'https',
'host' => 'www.example.com',
'port' => 8080,
'user' => 'anonymous',
'pass' => 'dCU7egW1A1L0a6pxU3qu9',
'path' => '/path/to/directory/file.jpeg',
'query' => 'param1=foo¶m2=bar¶m3[1]=abc¶m3[2]=def',
'fragment' => 'anchor',
'tld' => 'com',
'dirname' => '/path/to/directory',
'basename' => 'file.jpeg',
'extension' => 'jpeg',
'filename' => 'file',
'query_parts' =>
array (
'param1' => 'foo',
'param2' => 'bar',
'param3' =>
array (
1 => 'abc',
2 => 'def',
),
),
)
ftp://anonymous@ftp.example.com/pub/test.jpg
array (
'scheme' => 'ftp',
'host' => 'ftp.example.com',
'user' => 'anonymous',
'path' => '/pub/test.jpg',
'tld' => 'com',
'dirname' => '/pub',
'basename' => 'test.jpg',
'extension' => 'jpg',
'filename' => 'test',
)
file:///home/user/.config/test.config
array (
'scheme' => 'file',
'path' => '/home/user/.config/test.config',
'dirname' => '/home/user/.config',
'basename' => 'test.config',
'extension' => 'config',
'filename' => 'test',
)
chrome://settings/passwords
array (
'scheme' => 'chrome',
'host' => 'settings',
'path' => '/passwords',
'dirname' => '/',
'basename' => 'passwords',
'filename' => 'passwords',
)