进入一个被变压器包裹的monad



这是一个使用阅读器转换器的有用示例:

{-# LANGUAGE UnicodeSyntax #-}
import Control.Monad.Reader
import Data.Char
conv ∷ Int → ReaderT Char Maybe String
conv n = do
   yn ← ask
   if yn == 'y'
      then return $ chr n : " with Yes"
      else lift Nothing
-- runReaderT (conv 98) 'y'      Just "b with Yes"
-- runReaderT (conv 98) '@'      Nothing
inspect ∷ ReaderT Char Maybe String → Bool

--编辑:根据建议,正确的类型是monadic:

inspect ∷ ReaderT Char Maybe String → ReaderT Char Maybe Bool

inspect应该检查里面的值是否为Nothing。可以完成吗,或者我有"设计问题"?

ReaderT正是

newtype ReaderT r m a = ReaderT { runReaderT :: r -> m a }
        -- a function that reads the environment^    |
        --                         and returns an m a^

对于ReaderT r Maybe a,它是一个读取环境并返回Maybe a的函数。通过将此函数与另一个检查结果是否为Nothing的函数组合,可以生成一个读取环境并检查结果是否是Nothing的函数。为了检查Maybe a是否为空,我们可以使用isJust,并且为了将生成的Bool打包回Maybe Bool,我们将使用return

inspect :: ReaderT r Maybe a -> ReaderT r Maybe Bool
inspect (ReaderT f) = ReaderT $ return . isJust . f

transformers提供了一个函数mapReaderT,它允许我们在ReaderT 中操作计算

mapReaderT :: (m a -> n b) -> ReaderT r m a -> ReaderT r n b
mapReaderT f m = ReaderT $ f . runReaderT m

mapReaderT只是将作为其第一个自变量提供的函数与ReaderT内部的函数组合(runReaderT打开ReaderT内部的函数)。您可以使用mapReaderT来更优雅地编写inspect

inspect :: ReaderT r Maybe a -> ReaderT r Maybe Bool
inspect = mapReaderT (return . isJust)

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