didSet 属性值仅出现在 print() 中



初始目标

有一个视图,其中包含垂直放置的单元格列表,显示一些信息。只要用户单击单元格以显示包含更多信息的新视图。

到目前为止的路(咖喱我任性的儿子!

  • 我创建了 2 个视图控制器:ViewController(subclassing UICollectionViewController, UICollectionViewDelegateFlowLayout( 和DetailViewController(subclassing UIViewController(。
  • 我创建了一个 ViewController 用于生成集合视图的单元格和一个DetailViewController 使用的 DetailView。
  • 我创建了一个名为Detail的结构作为自定义数据类型,它使用属性(例如姓名、姓氏、地址等(提供数据存储。

结构:

struct Detail: Decodable {
let name: String?
let surname: String?
let address: String?
let description: String?
}

我使用以下数据进行测试(测试完成后,我将从 API 调用中获取此数据(。我把它放在ViewController中:

let details: [Detail] = [Detail(name: "Chris", surname: "Doe", address: "Neverland 31", description: "This is a description about Chris Doe"), Detail(name: "Tony", surname: "Cross", address: "Galaxy Road 1", description: "This is a description about Tony Cross")]

要使用上述信息和方法创建单元格,请执行以下操作:

override func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, cellForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewCell

还有:

let cell = collectionView.dequeueReusableCell(withReuseIdentifier: cellId, for: indexPath) as! Cell

由于该方法要求我们返回 UICollectionViewCell,因此我首先通过执行以下操作将相关信息发送到 Cell:

cell.details = details[indexPath.item]
return cell

单元格中,我使用didSet创建了以下属性来帮助我检索信息:

var details: Detail? {
didSet {
guard let details = details else { return }
guard let name = details.name else { return }
....
....
}    

正如您使用来自ViewController的信息所理解的那样,我动态地构建了每个单元格。

在这一点上,所有人都很好。

然后我尝试在单击单元格时显示详细视图。为此,我在方法中遵循了相同的做法:

override func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, didSelectItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
let detailView = DetailView()
detailView.details = details[indexPath.item]
let detailViewController = DetailViewController()
detailViewController.modalTransitionStyle = .coverVertical
self.present(detailViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
}

同样,在DetailView中,我使用相同的方法来获取与所选项目关联的数据。这样我就可以访问用户选择的单元格的数据,如下所示:

import UIKit
class DetailView: UIView {
var dismissDetailViewAction: (() -> Void)?
var details: Detail? {
didSet {
// get details
guard let details = details else { return }
guard let name = details.name else { return }
guard let surname = details.surname else { return }
guard let address = details.address else { return }
guard let description = details.description else { return }
// print description and it shows in the console but not in the view
print(description)
let attributedTextDescription = NSMutableAttributedString(string: description, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font: UIFont.FontBook.AvertaRegular.of(size: 20), NSAttributedStringKey.foregroundColor: UIColor.white])
briefDescription.attributedText = attributedTextDescription
briefDescription.textAlignment = .center
briefDescription.textColor = .white
briefDescription.numberOfLines = 0
}
}
override init(frame: CGRect) {
super.init(frame: frame)
setupView()
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
fatalError("init(coder:) has not yet been implemented")
}
fileprivate func setupView() {
setupDescriptionText()
setupCloseButton()
}
let briefDescription: UITextView = {
let text = UITextView()          
text.textColor = .red
return text
}()
let closeButton: UIButton = {
let button = UIButton(title: "Close", font: UIFont.FontBook.AvertaRegular.of(size: 18), textColor: .white, cornerRadius: 5)
button.backgroundColor = .black
button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(closeDetailView), for: .touchUpInside)
return button
}()

fileprivate func setupDescriptionText() {
self.addSubview(briefDescription)
briefDescription.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
briefDescription.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.leadingAnchor, constant: 5).isActive = true
briefDescription.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.trailingAnchor, constant: -5).isActive = true
briefDescription.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.topAnchor, constant: 10).isActive = true
briefDescription.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 300).isActive = true
}
fileprivate func setupCloseButton() {
self.addSubview(closeButton)
closeButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
closeButton.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
closeButton.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.safeAreaLayoutGuide.bottomAnchor, constant: -10).isActive = true
closeButton.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.leadingAnchor, constant: 40).isActive = true
closeButton.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.trailingAnchor, constant: -40).isActive = true
closeButton.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 60).isActive = true
}
@objc func closeDetailView() {
dismissDetailViewAction?()
}
}

所以,我实际上所做的是设计didSet外部视图的静态部分,以及didSet内部的动态部分。这适用于集合视图的单元格。

我使用DetailViewController来显示DetailView并在用户单击"关闭"按钮时自行关闭。

import UIKit
class DetailViewController: UIViewController {
// reference DetailView view
var detailView: DetailView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// setup view elements
setupView()
}
fileprivate func setupView() {
let mainView = DetailView(frame: self.view.frame)
self.detailView = mainView
self.view.addSubview(detailView)
self.homeDetailView.dismissDetailViewAction = dismissDetailView
// pin view
self.detailView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
self.detailView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.topAnchor).isActive = true
self.detailView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.bottomAnchor).isActive = true
self.detailView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.leadingAnchor).isActive = true
self.detailView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.trailingAnchor).isActive = true
}
fileprivate func dismissDetailView() {
// dismiss current (DetailViewController) controller
self.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
}
}

我这样做的原因是我喜欢保持我的视图控制器尽可能干净(大规模视图控制器,不是我的菜(。

问题所在

整个构建没有任何问题,但是当我单击单元格转到DetailView时,不会显示任何信息。

奇怪的部分

在 DetailView --> didSet 中,当我使用 print(name( 时,它工作得很好(您可以在控制台中看到正确的名称(。但是当我尝试在视图中使用该值时,它将不会显示。

而且我知道我的 DetailView 很好,因为如果我在其中使用硬编码值,它就可以工作(您会看到正确的结果(。

任何建议为什么这不能正常工作?

PS:我正在以编程方式构建整个事情。不涉及故事板。

提前感谢,很抱歉丢失了帖子。

如前所述,您的detailView未在detailViewController中引用。相反,您在DetailViewController中创建另一个DetailView实例,但这个实例中没有Detail

控制台消息是从detailView内部调用的,但detailViewController内部是另一个未调用此消息的实例,因为默认情况下其Detail设置为 nil。

简而言之,要解决此问题,您只需执行以下更改:

import UIKit
class DetailViewController: UIViewController {
var detail: Detail!
private lazy var detailView: DetailView = {
let mainView = DetailView(frame: self.view.frame)
mainView.details = detail
return mainView
}
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
setupView()
}
fileprivate func setupView() {
self.view.addSubview(detailView)
self.homeDetailView.dismissDetailViewAction = dismissDetailView
// pin view
self.detailView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
self.detailView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.topAnchor).isActive = true
self.detailView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.bottomAnchor).isActive = true
self.detailView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.leadingAnchor).isActive = true
self.detailView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.trailingAnchor).isActive = true
}
fileprivate func dismissDetailView() {
// dismiss current (DetailViewController) controller
self.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
}
}

在你的collectionView(...)功能中:

override func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, didSelectItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
let detailViewController = DetailViewController()
detailViewController.detail = details[indexPath.item]
detailViewController.modalTransitionStyle = .coverVertical
self.present(detailViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
}
override func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, didSelectItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
let detailView = DetailView()
detailView.details = details[indexPath.item]
let detailViewController = DetailViewController()
detailViewController.modalTransitionStyle = .coverVertical
self.present(detailViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
}

你在这里做一个DetailView,把它传给你details......然后什么都不做。

通常,DetailViewDetailViewController的属性,您将details传递给视图控制器,视图控制器将显示它。

这里发生的事情是,您正在创建,配置和丢弃一个DetailView,而您可能应该使用DetailViewController拥有或应该拥有的那个。

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