我正在使用kivy和kivymd。我正在尝试在屏幕内创建一个 MDToolbar。当我运行时，我收到提到的错误。希望你能帮助我。这是我的main.py
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import Screen
from kivy.uix.button import ButtonBehavior
from kivy.uix.image import Image
from kivymd.uix.navigationdrawer import MDNavigationDrawer
from kivymd.theming import ThemeManager
from kivy.properties import ObjectProperty
from kivymd.uix.toolbar import MDToolbar
class HomeScreen(Screen):
pass
class ImageButton(ButtonBehavior, Image):
pass
class SettingsScreen(Screen):
pass
GUI = Builder.load_file("main.kv")
class MainApp(App):
theme_cls = ThemeManager()
def build(self):
return GUI
def change_screen(self, screen_name):
#Get the screen manager from the kv file
screen_manager = self.root.ids['screen_manager']
screen_manager.current = screen_name
MainApp().run()
及其main.kv文件
#:include kv/homescreen.kv
#:include kv/settingsscreen.kv
GridLayout:
cols: 1
ScreenManager:
id: screen_manager
HomeScreen:
id: home_screen
name: "home_screen"
SettingsScreen:
name: "settings_screen"
id: settings_screen
我把homescreen.kv写成：
#:import MDToolbar kivymd.uix.toolbar.MDToolbar
#:import utils kivy.utils
<HomeScreen>:
NavigationLayout:
id: nav_layout
MDNavigationDrawer:
id: nav_drawer
name: 'nav_drawer'
#drawer_logo: 'user.png'
NavigationDrawerIconButton:
icon: 'face'
text: 'text'
NavigationDrawerIconButton:
icon: 'email'
text: 'text'
NavigationDrawerIconButton:
icon: 'phone'
text: 'number'
NavigationDrawerIconButton:
icon: 'cake'
text: 'date'
NavigationDrawerIconButton:
icon: 'city'
text: 'city'
NavigationDrawerIconButton:
icon: 'settings'
text: 'Settings'
BoxLayout:
orientation: 'vertical'
canvas:
Color:
rgb: utils.get_color_from_hex("#3983F2")
Rectangle:
size: self.size
pos: self.pos
MDToolbar:
title: "Toolbar"
我运行时得到的错误是
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 696, in _apply_rule
setattr(widget_set, key, value)
File "kivy/weakproxy.pyx", line 35, in kivy.weakproxy.WeakProxy.__setattr__
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 497, in kivy.properties.Property.__set__
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 544, in kivy.properties.Property.set
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 599, in kivy.properties.Property.dispatch
File "kivy/_event.pyx", line 1214, in kivy._event.EventObservers.dispatch
File "kivy/_event.pyx", line 1120, in kivy._event.EventObservers._dispatch
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 1318, in kivy.properties.ReferenceListProperty.trigger_change
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 1333, in kivy.properties.ReferenceListProperty.trigger_change
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 599, in kivy.properties.Property.dispatch
File "kivy/_event.pyx", line 1214, in kivy._event.EventObservers.dispatch
File "kivy/_event.pyx", line 1120, in kivy._event.EventObservers._dispatch
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivymd/uix/elevation.py", line 111, in _update_shadow
self._shadow = App.get_running_app().theme_cls.quad_shadow
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'theme_cls'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/fypp/main.py", line 20, in <module>
GUI = Builder.load_file("main.kv")
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 301, in load_file
return self.load_string(data, **kwargs)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 405, in load_string
rule_children=rule_children)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 659, in _apply_rule
child, crule, rootrule, rule_children=rule_children)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 657, in _apply_rule
root=rctx['ids']['root'], rule_children=rule_children)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/uix/widget.py", line 469, in apply_class_lang_rules
rule_children=rule_children)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 538, in apply
rule_children=rule_children)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 659, in _apply_rule
child, crule, rootrule, rule_children=rule_children)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 659, in _apply_rule
child, crule, rootrule, rule_children=rule_children)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 657, in _apply_rule
root=rctx['ids']['root'], rule_children=rule_children)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/uix/widget.py", line 469, in apply_class_lang_rules
rule_children=rule_children)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 538, in apply
rule_children=rule_children)
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 707, in _apply_rule
e), cause=tb)
kivy.lang.builder.BuilderException: Parser: File "<inline>", line 22:
...
20:<MDToolbar>
21: size_hint_y: None
>> 22: height: root.theme_cls.standard_increment
23: padding: [root.theme_cls.horizontal_margins - dp(12), 0]
24: opposite_colors: True
...
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'theme_cls'
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivy/lang/builder.py", line 696, in _apply_rule
setattr(widget_set, key, value)
File "kivy/weakproxy.pyx", line 35, in kivy.weakproxy.WeakProxy.__setattr__
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 497, in kivy.properties.Property.__set__
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 544, in kivy.properties.Property.set
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 599, in kivy.properties.Property.dispatch
File "kivy/_event.pyx", line 1214, in kivy._event.EventObservers.dispatch
File "kivy/_event.pyx", line 1120, in kivy._event.EventObservers._dispatch
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 1318, in kivy.properties.ReferenceListProperty.trigger_change
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 1333, in kivy.properties.ReferenceListProperty.trigger_change
File "kivy/properties.pyx", line 599, in kivy.properties.Property.dispatch
File "kivy/_event.pyx", line 1214, in kivy._event.EventObservers.dispatch
File "kivy/_event.pyx", line 1120, in kivy._event.EventObservers._dispatch
File "/home/pakomoaro/PycharmProjects/FYP/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kivymd/uix/elevation.py", line 111, in _update_shadow
self._shadow = App.get_running_app().theme_cls.quad_shadow
如果您使用的是当前版本的KivyMD(0.102.1(，请尝试将from kivy.app import App替换为from kivymd.app import MDApp，然后：
class MainApp(App):
theme_cls = ThemeManager()
def build(self):
return GUI
有了这个：
class MainApp(MDApp):
def build(self):
return GUI
您还必须更改main.kv中的root widget。
像这样使用kivy小部件作为您的root是不明智的。
您必须先在.py中创建一个类：
class BaseWidget(GridLayout):
pass
并更改您的.kv：
<BaseWidget>:
cols: 1
ScreenManager:
id: screen_manager
HomeScreen:
id: home_screen
name: "home_screen"
SettingsScreen:
name: "settings_screen"
id: settings_screen
之后，您必须在build方法中返回根小部件：
class MainApp(MDApp):
def build(self):
return BaseWidget()