是否可以定义模板参数包数组



可能的重复:是否可以在不扩展模板参数包的情况下"存储"模板参数包?

与上面的问题类似,我想更多地探索这个问题并存储一个可变参数数组。

template<size_t N, typename... Args>
void foo(Args(&...args)[N]) {
Args[N]... args2; // compilation error
}

这有可能实现吗?

最终目标是能够调用foo(),改变其可变参数数组输入的副本,并对突变执行一些函数。所以,像这样:

template<typename F, size_t N, typename... Args>
void applyAsDoubled(F f, Args(&...args)[N]) {
Args[N]... args2;
doublerMutation(args2...); // doubles each argument; external function, assume it cannot avoid having a side-effect on its parameters
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
f(args2[i]...);
}

将被调用并且不会产生任何副作用:

int A[N] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
int B[N] = { 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 };
applyAsDoubled(printAdded, A, B);

将打印 6、8、10、12、14,其中AB没有突变。澄清一下,函数doublerMutation()是一个虚拟函数,用于表示将导致参数突变且无法重写的函数。

我向您建议一个 C++14 解决方案,该解决方案应适用于 C++11,并替换为std::index_sequencestd::make_index_sequence.

我建议,对于applyAsDoubled(),简单地调用一个辅助函数,也传递数组数量的std::index_sequence

template <typename F, std::size_t N, typename ... As>
void applyAsDoubled (F f, As(&...as)[N])
{ applyAsDoubledH(f, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(As)>{}, as...); }

辅助函数主要基于std::tuple,以打包数组的副本,以及C样式数组副本的新std::array

void applyAsDoubledH (F f, std::index_sequence<Is...> const & is,
Args(&...args)[N])
{
auto isn { std::make_index_sequence<N>{} };
std::tuple<std::array<Args, N>...> tpl { getStdArray(args, isn)... };
doublerMutation(tpl, is);
for (auto ui { 0u } ; ui < N ; ++ui )
f(std::get<Is>(tpl)[ui]...);
}

观察getStdArray()调用

template <typename T, std::size_t N, std::size_t ... Is>
std::array<T, N> getStdArray (T(&a)[N], std::index_sequence<Is...> const &)
{ return { { a[Is]... } }; }

获取单打std::array形成单打 C 样式数组。

doublerMutation()还使用帮助程序函数

template <std::size_t I, std::size_t N, typename ... Args>
void doublerMutationH (std::tuple<std::array<Args, N>...> & tpl)
{
for ( auto ui { 0u } ; ui < N ; ++ui )
std::get<I>(tpl)[ui] *= 2;
}
template <std::size_t N, typename ... Args, std::size_t ... Is>
void doublerMutation (std::tuple<std::array<Args, N>...> & tpl,
std::index_sequence<Is...> const &)
{
using unused = int[];
(void) unused { 0, (doublerMutationH<Is>(tpl), 0)... };
}

以下是完整的工作示例

#include <tuple>
#include <array>
#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>
template <std::size_t I, std::size_t N, typename ... Args>
void doublerMutationH (std::tuple<std::array<Args, N>...> & tpl)
{
for ( auto ui { 0u } ; ui < N ; ++ui )
std::get<I>(tpl)[ui] *= 2;
}
template <std::size_t N, typename ... Args, std::size_t ... Is>
void doublerMutation (std::tuple<std::array<Args, N>...> & tpl,
std::index_sequence<Is...> const &)
{
using unused = int[];
(void) unused { 0, (doublerMutationH<Is>(tpl), 0)... };
}
template <typename T, std::size_t N, std::size_t ... Is>
std::array<T, N> getStdArray (T(&a)[N], std::index_sequence<Is...> const &)
{ return { { a[Is]... } }; }
template <typename F, std::size_t ... Is, std::size_t N, typename ... Args>
void applyAsDoubledH (F f, std::index_sequence<Is...> const & is,
Args(&...args)[N])
{
auto isn { std::make_index_sequence<N>{} };
std::tuple<std::array<Args, N>...> tpl { getStdArray(args, isn)... };
doublerMutation(tpl, is);
for (auto ui { 0u } ; ui < N ; ++ui )
f(std::get<Is>(tpl)[ui]...);
}
template <typename F, std::size_t N, typename ... As>
void applyAsDoubled (F f, As(&...as)[N])
{ applyAsDoubledH(f, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(As)>{}, as...); }
int main ()
{
int  A[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
long B[] = { 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 };
auto printSum = [](auto const & ... as)
{   
using unused = int[];
typename std::common_type<decltype(as)...>::type  sum {};
(void)unused { 0, (sum += as, 0)... };
std::cout << "the sum is " << sum << std::endl;
};
applyAsDoubled(printSum, A, B);
}

如果也可以使用C++17,使用模板折叠和逗号运算符的幂,可以避免使用unused数组,doublerMutation()可以简化如下

template <std::size_t N, typename ... Args, std::size_t ... Is>
void doublerMutation (std::tuple<std::array<Args, N>...> & tpl,
std::index_sequence<Is...> const &)
{ ( doublerMutationH<Is>(tpl), ... ); }

printSum()λ 测试函数如下

auto printSum = [](auto const & ... as)
{ std::cout << "the sum is " << (as + ...) << std::endl; };