特金特函数范围问题

Question

我正在用tkinter创建一个TicTacToe游戏，由一个由按钮组成的3x3网格组成。

在下面的代码中，一旦玩家在图块上绘制(通过单击按钮(，程序应从列表"self.flattenedButtons"中删除此图块。这是为了防止计算机(玩家 2(在同一磁贴上绘图。

进行此检查的方法为 self.add_move((。这适用于除右下角以外的所有按钮，我认为这是我从结束范围内拿走 1 的按钮。如果我不这样做，我会得到一个"超出范围"的错误。

我将如何更改我的方法，使其适用于所有按钮？

法典：

from tkinter import *
from functools import partial
from itertools import *
import random
class Window(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None): # init Window class
Frame.__init__(self, master) # init Frame class
self.master = master # allows us to refer to root as master
self.rows = 3
self.columns = 3
self.guiGrid = [[None for x in range(self.rows)] for y in range(self.columns)] # use this for the computer's moves
self.buttonText = StringVar(value = '')
self.buttonText2 = StringVar(value = 'X')
self.buttonText3 = StringVar(value = 'O')
self.button_ij = None
self.flattenedButtons = []
self.create_window()
self.add_buttons()
def create_window(self):
self.master.title('Tic Tac Toe')
self.pack(fill = BOTH, expand = 1)
for i in range(0,3):
self.grid_columnconfigure(i, weight = 1)
self.grid_rowconfigure(i, weight = 1)

def add_buttons(self): 
rows = 3
columns = 3
for i in range (rows):
for j in range(columns):
self.button_ij = Button(self, textvariable = self.buttonText, command = lambda i=i, j=j: self.add_move(i,j))
self.guiGrid[i][j] = self.button_ij # place button into 2d array to access later on
self.flattenedButtons.append(self.button_ij)
self.button_ij.grid(row = i,column = j, sticky =E+W+S+N)
def add_move(self, i,j):
pressedButton = self.guiGrid[i][j]
self.guiGrid[i][j].config(textvariable =self.buttonText2)
for i in range(0, len(self.flattenedButtons)-1):
if (self.flattenedButtons[i] == pressedButton):
self.flattenedButtons.remove(self.flattenedButtons[i])
print('removed')
else:
pass

root = Tk() # creating Tk instance
rootWidth = '500'
rootHeight = '500'
root.geometry(rootWidth+'x'+rootHeight)
ticTacToe = Window(root) # creating Window object with root as master
root.mainloop() # keeps program running

Answer 1

不建议在迭代列表时操作列表。 如果您的代码是：

for i in range(0, len(self.flattenedButtons)-1):
if (self.flattenedButtons[i] == pressedButton):
self.flattenedButtons.remove(self.flattenedButtons[i])
print('removed')
else:
pass
print(self.flattenedButtons)

您将看到您的按钮 9 永远不会被删除。

将 for 循环更改为简单的列表理解：

self.flattenedButtons = [i for i in self.flattenedButtons if i != pressedButton]
print(self.flattenedButtons)

您将看到更改。