Python PyQt5:如何使用PyQt5显示错误消息

Question

在正常的Python (3.x)中，我们总是使用来自tkinter模块的showerror()来显示错误消息，但是我应该在PyQt5中做些什么来显示完全相同的消息类型?

Answer 1

不要忘记调用.exec_()来显示错误:

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMessageBox
msg = QMessageBox()
msg.setIcon(QMessageBox.Critical)
msg.setText("Error")
msg.setInformativeText('More information')
msg.setWindowTitle("Error")
msg.exec_()

Answer 2

Qt包含一个特定于错误消息的对话框类QErrorMessage，您应该使用它来确保您的对话框符合系统标准。要显示对话框，只需创建一个对话框对象，然后调用.showMessage()。例如:

error_dialog = QtWidgets.QErrorMessage()
error_dialog.showMessage('Oh no!')

下面是一个最小的工作示例脚本:

import PyQt5
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
app = QtWidgets.QApplication([])
error_dialog = QtWidgets.QErrorMessage()
error_dialog.showMessage('Oh no!')
app.exec_()

Answer 3

假设您在一个QWidget中，您想要显示错误消息，您可以简单地使用QMessageBox.critical(self, "Title", "Message")，用另一个(例如主widget)替换self，如果您不是QWidget类。

---

编辑:即使你不是在一个QWidget(或不想从它继承)，你可以使用None作为父与实例QMessageBox.critical(None, "Title", "Message")。

---

编辑，下面是如何使用它的一个例子:

# -*-coding:utf-8 -*
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMessageBox
import sys
# In this example, success is False by default, and
#  - If you press Cancel, it will ends with False,
#  - If you press Retry until i = 3, it will end with True

expectedVal = 3

def MyFunction(val: int) -> bool:
    return val == expectedVal

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
i = 1
success = MyFunction(i)
while not success:
    # Popup with several buttons, manage below depending on choice
    choice = QMessageBox.critical(None,
                                  "Error",
                                  "i ({}) is not expected val ({})".format(i, expectedVal),
                                  QMessageBox.Retry | QMessageBox.Cancel)
    if choice == QMessageBox.Retry:
        i += 1
        print("Retry with i = {}".format(i))
        success = MyFunction(i)
    else:
        print("Cancel")
        break
if success:
    # Standard popup with only OK button
    QMessageBox.information(None, "Result", "Success is {}".format(success))
else:
    # Standard popup with only OK button
    QMessageBox.critical(None, "Result", "Success is {}".format(success))

Answer 4

以上所有选项都不适合我使用Komodo Edit 11.0。刚刚返回"1"或者如果没有实现"-1073741819"。

对我有用的是:Vanloc的解决方案。

def my_exception_hook(exctype, value, traceback):
    # Print the error and traceback
    print(exctype, value, traceback)
    # Call the normal Exception hook after
    sys._excepthook(exctype, value, traceback)
    sys.exit(1)
# Back up the reference to the exceptionhook
sys._excepthook = sys.excepthook
# Set the exception hook to our wrapping function
sys.excepthook = my_exception_hook

Answer 5

要显示消息框，可以调用这个def:

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMessageBox, QWidget
MainClass(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
    def clickMethod(self):
        QMessageBox.about(self, "Title", "Message")

Answer 6

下面应该可以工作:

msg = QMessageBox()
msg.setIcon(QMessageBox.Critical)
msg.setText("Error")
msg.setInformativeText(e)
msg.setWindowTitle("Error")

它不是完全相同的消息类型(不同的GUI)，但相当接近。e是python3

中Error的表达式

希望有帮助，Narusan

Answer 7

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMessageBox
import PyQt5
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
"""
Stadard button
QMessageBox.Ok
QMessageBox.Open
QMessageBox.Save
QMessageBox.Cancel
QMessageBox.Close
QMessageBox.Yes
QMessageBox.No
QMessageBox.Abort
QMessageBox.Retry
QMessageBox.Ignore
"""
class MessageBox(QMessageBox):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        
    #showinfo    
    def showinfo(self,title,text):
        self.setWindowTitle(title)
        self.setText(text)
        
        self.setIcon(QMessageBox.Information)
        self.standard_button=QMessageBox.Ok
        self.setStandardButtons(self.standard_button)
        return self.execute()

    #showwarning
    def showwarning(self,title,text):
        self.setWindowTitle(title)
        self.setText(text)
        self.setIcon(QMessageBox.Warning)
        self.standard_button=QMessageBox.Ok
        self.setStandardButtons(self.standard_button)
        return self.execute()

    #showerror
    def showerror(self,title,text):
        
        self.setWindowTitle(title)
        self.setText(text)
        self.setIcon(QMessageBox.Critical)
        self.standard_button=QMessageBox.Ok
        self.setStandardButtons(self.standard_button)
        return self.execute()
       

    #askyesno
    def askyesno(self,title,text):
        self.setWindowTitle(title)
        self.setText(text)
        self.setIcon(QMessageBox.Question)
        self.standard_button=QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No
        self.setStandardButtons(self.standard_button)
        return self.execute()

    #askyesnocancel
    def askyesnocancel(self,title,text):
        self.setWindowTitle(title)
        self.setText(text)
        self.setIcon(QMessageBox.Question)
        self.standard_button=QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No| QMessageBox.Cancel
        self.setStandardButtons(self.standard_button)
        return self.execute()
    #asksave
    def asksave(self,title,text):
        self.setWindowTitle(title)
        self.setText(text)
        self.setIcon(QMessageBox.Question)
        self.standard_button=QMessageBox.Save | QMessageBox.No| QMessageBox.Cancel
        self.setStandardButtons(self.standard_button)
        return self.execute()
    #asksave
    def askopen(self,title,text):
        self.setWindowTitle(title)
        self.setText(text)
        self.setIcon(QMessageBox.Question)
        self.standard_button=QMessageBox.Open | QMessageBox.No
        self.setStandardButtons(self.standard_button)
        return self.execute()
    #execute
    def execute(self):
        self.exec_()
        msg_returned=str(self.clickedButton().text()).replace('&','')
        return msg_returned
    
#Test
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication, QListWidget, QVBoxLayout, QLineEdit,QPushButton

class Widget(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("Msgbox")
        self.layout=QVBoxLayout()
        self.button=QPushButton("show message box")
        self.layout.addWidget(self.button)
        self.setLayout(self.layout)
        self.button.clicked.connect(self.handle_text_changed)
        #messagebox 
        self.msgbox = MessageBox()
    def handle_text_changed(self):
            #res = self.msgbox.showinfo("Title","This is a text")
            #res = self.msgbox.showerror("Title","This is a text")  #askyesnocancel
            #res = self.msgbox.askyesnocancel("Title","This is a text")
            #res = self.msgbox.askyesno("Title","This is a text")
            #res = self.msgbox.showwarning("Title","This is a text")  
            #res = self.msgbox.showerror("Title","This is a text")  
            #res = self.msgbox.asksave("Title","This is a text")  
            #res = self.msgbox.askopen("Title","This is a text")  
            res = self.msgbox.showinfo("Title","This is a text")  
            print(res)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mainwindow = Widget()
    mainwindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())
    
    
`