跨类的变量，以在 PyQt GUI 中缩放绘图

Question

我正在制作一个GUI，它将有几个用户输入框和一个绘图，该绘图将使用输入框中的因子来缩放数据。GUI 需要一个应用按钮和一个导出按钮。我正在使用 PyQt5 进行 GUI，使用 Matplotlib 进行绘图。我的方法是为绘图和输入框创建单独的QWidgets，并将它们绑定在第三个QMainWindow中。

我有正确显示的 GUI

如何让应用按钮将 3 个变量发送到主类和绘图类？是否有可能将所有这些发生在一个类中以简化我的变量的工作方式？

import sys
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("Qt5Agg")
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot, pyqtSignal, QObject
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from numpy import arange, sin, pi
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
class AppForm(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize the object as a QWidget and
        # set its title and minimum width
        QWidget.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle('Input')
        self.setMinimumWidth(400)
        # Create the QVBoxLayout that lays out the whole form
        self.layout = QVBoxLayout()
        # Create the form layout that manages the labeled controls
        self.form_layout = QFormLayout()
        self.aFactor = QLineEdit(self)
        self.mFactor = QLineEdit(self)
        self.cZone = QLineEdit(self)
        self.form_layout.addRow('AFactor', self.aFactor)
        self.form_layout.addRow('MFactor', self.mFactor)
        self.form_layout.addRow('CZone', self.cZone)
        self.layout.addLayout(self.form_layout)
        self.button_box = QHBoxLayout()
        self.button_box.addStretch(1)
        self.apply_button = QPushButton("Apply", self)
        self.output_button = QPushButton("Output", self)
        self.button_box.addWidget(self.apply_button)
        self.button_box.addWidget(self.output_button)
        self.layout.addLayout(self.button_box)
        self.setLayout(self.layout)
        self.apply_button.clicked.connect(self.applyButton)
    def applyButton(self):
        self.af = self.aFactor
        self.mf = self.mFactor
        self.cz = self.cZone
        print self.af.text(), self.mf.text(), self.cz.text()
class MyMplCanvas(FigureCanvas):
    """Ultimately, this is a QWidget (as well as a FigureCanvasAgg, etc.)."""
    def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100, title='title'):
        self.title = title
        fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
        self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111)
        fig.suptitle(title)
        # We want the axes cleared every time plot() is called
        self.axes.hold(False)
        self.compute_initial_figure()

        FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig)
        self.setParent(parent)
        FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
                QSizePolicy.Expanding,
                QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)
    def compute_initial_figure(self):
        pass

class MyStaticMplCanvas(MyMplCanvas):
    """Simple canvas with a sine plot."""
    def compute_initial_figure(self):
        t = arange(0.0, 3.0, 0.01)
        s = sin(2*pi*t)
        self.axes.plot(t, s)
        self.axes.set_ylabel('label1')
        self.axes.set_xlabel('label')
        self.axes.grid(True)

class ApplicationWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.WA_DeleteOnClose)
        self.setWindowTitle("application main window")
        self.setMinimumWidth(800)
        self.setMinimumHeight(600)
        self.file_menu = QMenu('&File', self)
        self.file_menu.addAction('&Quit', self.fileQuit,
                QtCore.Qt.CTRL + QtCore.Qt.Key_Q)
        self.menuBar().addMenu(self.file_menu)
        self.help_menu = QMenu('&Help', self)
        self.menuBar().addSeparator()
        self.menuBar().addMenu(self.help_menu)
        self.help_menu.addAction('&About', self.about)
        self.main_widget = QWidget(self)
        l = QVBoxLayout(self.main_widget)
        form = AppForm()
        sc = MyStaticMplCanvas(self.main_widget, width=5, height=4, dpi=100, title='Title 1')
        l.addWidget(form)
        l.addWidget(sc)
        self.main_widget.setFocus()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)
        #self.statusBar().showMessage("Cool", 2000
    def fileQuit(self):
        self.close()
    def closeEvent(self, ce):
        self.fileQuit()
    def about(self):
        QMessageBox.about(self, "About",)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    aw = ApplicationWindow()
    aw.setWindowTitle("PyQt5 Matplot Example")
    aw.show()
    #sys.exit(qApp.exec_())
    app.exec_()

Answer 1

这里有几个选项：

(a( 在主要班级中完成工作：不要将AppForm中的按钮连接到AppForm中的方法，而是在ApplicationWindow中执行相同的操作。

self.form = AppForm()
self.sc = MyStaticMplCanvas(....)
self.form.apply_button.clicked.connect(self.applyButton)
def applyButton(self):
    tx = self.form.aFactor.text()
    # do something with tx
    # e.g. call a method from MplCanvas
    self.sc.someMethod(tx)

(b( 使用信号和时段：在AppForm中创建标志。单击按钮后，applyButton可能会发出包含相关内容的信号。ApplicationWindow将该信号连接到可以以某种方式使用所提供数据的方法。您也可以将其直接连接到 MplCanvas .

class AppForm(QWidget):
    mysignal = pyqtSignal(object)
    def __init__(self):
        ....
        self.apply_button.clicked.connect(self.applyButton)
    def applyButton(self):
        self.mysignalemit((self.aFactor.text(),self.mFactor.text(), self.cZone()) )
class ApplicationWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        ....
        self.form = AppForm()
        self.sc = MyStaticMplCanvas(....)
        self.form.mysignal.connect(self.useButtonResults)
        self.form.mysignal.connect(self.sc.someMethod)
    def useButtonResults(self, obj):
        a,b,c = obj
        # do something with a, b, c

(c( 使用单个类来完成所有操作：只需将所有内容放在一个班级中，然后做任何您喜欢的事情。