如何设置RRD为存储2年

Question

我正在监视300多台服务器，为此我使用Ganglia。其中使用RRD作为数据库来收集和存储与各服务器资源相关的数据。我希望有大约2年或更长时间的历史，因此阅读本文，我认为我的RRA配置应该是:

RRAs "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:17520"

17520 =(365天[年]× 2) * 24[小时]

这是Ganglia的默认配置，今天正在运行:

#
# Round-Robin Archives
# You can specify custom Round-Robin archives here (defaults are listed below)
#
# RRAs "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:244" "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:24:244" "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:168:244" "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:672:244" 
#      "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:5760:374"
#

这是我的思维方式，还是我遗漏了什么?

Answer 1

在研究了一段时间之后，我想到了一个答案，也许将来会对某人有所帮助。这两篇文章我读了很多遍，我推荐它们。先读这个，创建一个初始RRD，然后再读这个。如何创建RRDTool数据库:

我尽量简单地解释一下。格式RRA:CF:xff:steps:rows:

RRA: Round Robin Archive
CF: Consolidation Factor
XFF: Xfile Factor
steps
rows

对我来说最大的问题是发现steps和rows的正确值。看完后，我想出了这样的解释:

1 day - 5-minute resolution
1 week - 15-minute resolution
1 month - 1-hour resolution
1 year - 6-hour resolution
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:288 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:3:672 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:12:744 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:72:1480

请记住，我们的step是300 seconds，所以这个想法很简单:如果我想解析具有86400 seconds的one day，如第一个示例所示，我需要多少行?答案是288 rows。为什么?

`86400 seconds [1 day] / 300 seconds [5 minutes`] = 288 rows

另一个例子，如果我想解析:
1周[ = 604800 seconds ] in 15分钟[ = 900 seconds ] = 604800/900 = 672 rows

其他值也是如此。这样你就能知道你需要多少rows。计算你需要多少steps很简单，你只需要把你的步数乘起来。

让我解释一下:我们的steps是300 seconds，对吗?

所以如果我们想要解析5分钟[ = 300 seconds ]，我们只需要乘以1，对吧?所以，15分钟等于300秒× 3, 1小时等于300 × 12, 6小时等于300 × 72，等等。

在我的具体情况下，我希望我的steps是30 seconds，所以我想出了这些结构:

1   every time           30 seconds      1 * 30s = 30s
2   every second time     1 minute       2 * 30s = 1m
4   every third time      2 minutes      4 * 30s = 2m
10  every 10th time       5 minutes     10 * 30s = 5m
20  every 20th time      10 minutes     20 * 30s = 10m
60  every 60th time      30 minutes     60 * 30s = 30m
80  every 80th time      40 minutes     80 * 30s = 40m
100 every 100th time     50 minutes    100 * 30s = 50m
120 every 120th time      1 hour       120 * 30s = 1h
240 every 240th time      2 hours      240 * 30s = 2h
360 every 360th time      3 hours      360 * 30s = 3h
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:120 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:2:120 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:4:120 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:10:288 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:20:1008 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:60:1440 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:80:3240 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:100:5184 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:120:8760 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:240:8760 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:360:8760 

这意味着:

1 hour    -  30 seconds  resolution
2 hours   -  1 minute    resolution
4 hours   -  2 minutes   resolution
1 day     -  5 minutes   resolution
1 week    - 10 minutes   resolution
1 month   - 30 minutes   resolution
3 months  - 40 minutes   resolution
6 months  - 50 minutes   resolution
1 year    -  1 hour      resolution
2 year    -  2 hour      resolution
3 year    -  3 hour      resolution

好吧，我希望这能帮助到一些人，就这样。