为什么我的代码在尝试编写文件时出现 'expected a character buffer object' python 错误？

Question

我一直在尝试将我的属性写入这样的文件：

def player1():
        name1=raw_input("what would you like to call the first player?")
        diceroll()
        print name1,"has:"
        time.sleep(1)
        z = strength()
        time.sleep(1)
        x = skill()
        f = open('attributes.txt','w+')
        f.write(name1)
        f.write("has")
        f.write(x)
        f.write("strength and")
        f.write(z)
        f.write("skill")

然而，当我开始运行我的代码时，它会出现：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "H:GCSEComputingProgrammingshorterversion.py", line 83, in <module>
    loop()
  File "H:GCSEComputingProgrammingshorterversion.py", line 77, in loop
    player1()
  File "H:GCSEComputingProgrammingshorterversion.py", line 37, in player1
    f.write(x)
TypeError: expected a character buffer object

我该如何解决这个问题？这是我的全部代码：

import random
import time
def loop():
    global lol
    def intro():
        print "welcome to an attribute simulator game!"
        time.sleep(1)
        print "Today we will be calculating the strength and skill of virtual characters!"
    def strength():
        dice12 = random.randint(1,12)
        dice04 = random.randint(1,4)
        strfinalstats = dice12/dice04+10
        print ">",strfinalstats,"strength"
    def skill():
        dice12 = random.randint(1,12)
        dice04 = random.randint(1,4)
        skfinalstats = dice12/dice04+10
        print ">",skfinalstats,"skill!"
    def diceroll():
        print ("The dice of fate are being rolled!!")
    def player1():
        name1=raw_input("what would you like to call the first player?")
        diceroll()
        print name1,"has:"
        time.sleep(1)
        z = strength()
        time.sleep(1)
        x = skill()
        f = open('attributes.txt','w+')
        f.write(name1)
        f.write("has")
        f.write(x)
        f.write("strength and")
        f.write(z)
        f.write("skill")
    def player2():
        name2=raw_input("what would you like to call the first player?")
        diceroll()
        print name2,"has:"
        time.sleep(1)
        strength()
        time.sleep(1)
        skill()
        f = open('attributes.txt','w+')
        f.write(name2)
        f.write("has")
        f.write(x)
        f.write("strength and")
        f.write(z)
        f.write("skill")

    def player3():
        name3=raw_input("what would you like to call the first player?")
        diceroll()
        print name3,"has:"
        time.sleep(1)
        strength()
        time.sleep(1)
        skill()
        f = open('attributes.txt','w+')
        f.write(name3)
        f.write("has")
        f.write(x)
        f.write("strength and")
        f.write(z)
        f.write("skill")
    intro()
    time.sleep(1)
    player1()
    player2()
    player3()
    lol=raw_input("would you like to run the program again? Say yes or press any letter/number key to exit!")
repeat = True
while repeat==True:
    loop()
    time.sleep(1)
    if lol=="yes":
        print "ok lets start again!"
        repeat = True
    else:
        print "thankyou for playing!"
        time.sleep(1)
        print "exiting..."
        exit()

Answer 1

您需要考虑打印和返回之间的区别

def skill():
    dice12 = random.randint(1,12)
    dice04 = random.randint(1,4)
    skfinalstats = dice12/dice04+10
    print ">",skfinalstats,"skill!"

不显式返回任何内容，这与返回None相同。

如果您试图将None写入一个文件，则收到的错误正是您所得到的：

>>> f = open('test.txt', 'wt')
>>> f.write(None)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: expected a character buffer object
>>>

将skill（）函数更改为类似的函数

def skill():
    dice12 = random.randint(1,12)
    dice04 = random.randint(1,4)
    skfinalstats = dice12/dice04+10
    return  "> {} skill!".format(skfinalstats)

Answer 2

Python需要一个字符串对象，但是您提供的是strength()函数的输出。由于您的函数缺少return语句，因此这将是NoneType

您需要修改您的函数以获得return语句，我怀疑您希望它看起来像这样：

def strength():
    dice12 = random.randint(1,12)
    dice04 = random.randint(1,4)
    strfinalstats = dice12/dice04+10
    print ">",strfinalstats,"strength"
    return strfinalstats

顺便说一句，当您写入文件时，您可以使用str.format()函数使其变得更好：

f.write("{} has {} strength and {} skill".format(name1, x, y))