如何单元测试启动活动

Question

我是安卓测试的新手。请帮我为这个类写一个单元测试。

class SplashActivity : AppCompatActivity(){
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        val intent = Intent(this, HomeActivity::class.java)
        startActivity(intent)
        finish()
    }
}

测试

文件夹中的单元测试类

import androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle
import androidx.test.core.app.ActivityScenario
import androidx.test.espresso.intent.Intents.getIntents
import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
import androidx.test.ext.truth.content.IntentSubject.assertThat
import com.codelife.dubizzle.ui.home.HomeActivity
import com.codelife.dubizzle.ui.home.SplashActivity
import org.junit.Test
import org.junit.runner.RunWith
/**
 * Example local unit test, which will execute on the development machine (host).
 *
 * See [testing documentation](http://d.android.com/tools/testing).
 */

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class ExampleUnitTest {
    @Test fun splashActivityTest() {
        val scenario = ActivityScenario.launch(SplashActivity::class.java).moveToState(Lifecycle.State.CREATED)
        assertThat(getIntents().first()).hasComponentClass(HomeActivity::class.java)

    }
}

错误：

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at androidx.test.espresso.intent.Intents.getIntents(Intents.java:258)
    at com.codelife.dubizzle.ExampleUnitTest.splashActivityTest(ExampleUnitTest.kt:37)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$HelperTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:601)
    at org.robolectric.internal.SandboxTestRunner$2.evaluate(SandboxTestRunner.java:260)
    at org.robolectric.internal.SandboxTestRunner.runChild(SandboxTestRunner.java:130)
    at org.robolectric.internal.SandboxTestRunner.runChild(SandboxTestRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.robolectric.internal.SandboxTestRunner$1.evaluate(SandboxTestRunner.java:84)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4.run(AndroidJUnit4.java:104)

Answer 1

您需要确保在每次测试之前初始化浓缩咖啡意图; 这是通过声明如下测试规则来完成的：

@get:Rule
val rule = IntentsTestRule(SplashActivity::class.java)

之后，您的断言应该有效。您还可以使用 intended() 方法来验证意图，在这种特殊情况下，您可以执行以下操作：

intended(hasComponent(HomeActivity::class.java.canonicalName))

Answer 2

你必须

调用Intents.init()

Intents.init()
val scenario = ActivityScenario.launch(SplashActivity::class.java)
scenario.moveToState(Lifecycle.State.CREATED)
scenario.onActivity {
    // assert...
}
Intents.release()