使用xmllint根据远程文件验证xml

Question

我正在尝试对在线模式验证一些xml数据。

$ xmllint --schema https://raw.githubusercontent.com/IATI/IATI-Schemas/version-2.01/iati-activities-schema.xsd --noout iati-data/*.xml

的回报:

warning: failed to load external entity "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/IATI/IATI-Schemas/version-2.01/iati-activities-schema.xsd"
Schemas parser error : Failed to locate the main schema resource at 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/IATI/IATI-Schemas/version-2.01/iati-activities-schema.xsd'.
WXS schema https://raw.githubusercontent.com/IATI/IATI-Schemas/version-2.01/iati-activities-schema.xsd failed to compile

但是，xsd确实存在:

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/IATI/IATI-Schemas/version-2.01/iati-activities-schema.xsd

返回

<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" version="2.01">
  <xsd:annotation>
    <xsd:documentation xml:lang="en">
      International Aid Transparency Initiative: Activity-Information Schema
      Release 2.01, 2014-10-21
etc...

不知道我做错了什么…

Answer 1

不幸的是，XSD是使用支持XSD的相对路径编写的。在评论中甚至有这样的注释:

  NOTE: the xml.xsd and iati-common.xsd schemas must be in the
  same directory as this one.

如果不能更改XSD以引用包含的和导入的XSD的完整的绝对URL，那么一种解决方法是下载主XSD及其依赖项，并访问本地主XSD。另一个解决方法是使用XML Catalog以绝对URL形式重新映射依赖的xsd的位置。