将SSH访问设置为localhost

Question

我正在尝试设置对自己本地机器的ssh访问。

我已经使用ssh-keygen创建了id_rsa密钥。我在.ssh中将id_rsa.pub添加到authroized_keys中/我确保authorized_keys的权限为640我在sshd_config&重新启动ssh

RSA身份验证是

PubkeyAuthentication是

AuthorizedKeysFile%u/.ssh/authorized_keys

但是，我无法登录ssh。

我收到的错误如下

debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug1: Host 'localhost' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/rahul/.ssh/known_hosts:6
debug1: ssh_ecdsa_verify: signature correct
debug2: kex_derive_keys
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: Roaming not allowed by server
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug2: key: /home/rahul/.ssh/id_rsa (0x7fa12de58e70),
debug2: key: /home/rahul/.ssh/gitHubKey ((nil)), explicit
debug2: key: /home/rahul/.ssh/id_rsa_buhlServer (0x7fa12de59060), explicit
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey
debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/rahul/.ssh/id_rsa
debug3: send_pubkey_test
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /home/rahul/.ssh/gitHubKey
no such identity: /home/rahul/.ssh/gitHubKey: No such file or directory
debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/rahul/.ssh/id_rsa_buhlServer
debug3: send_pubkey_test
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
Permission denied (publickey).

Answer 1

您看到auth.log（或system.log、secure.log等opensshd写入日志的地方）了吗？问题可能是.ssh/authorized_keys必须有600而不是640。

示例：https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SSH/OpenSSH/Keys

chmod go-w ~/
chmod 700 ~/.ssh
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

希望能有所帮助。

编辑：

我们将卸载openssh服务器并清除配置文件：

(root)# apt-get remove --purge openssh-server

现在我们将使用默认设置再次安装：

(root)# apt-get install openssh-server

现在我们将生成我们的私钥/公钥：

(rahul)$ ssh-keygen

现在我们将在本地用户中复制密钥，您需要编写密码。

(rahul)$ ssh-copy-id rahul@localhost

现在尝试连接：

(rahul)$ ssh rahul@localhost

现在它可能会起作用。

Answer 2

为了能够在没有密码的情况下使用ssh localhost，这5行应该涵盖所有基础。在Ubuntu上测试。

mkdir -p ~/.ssh/
ssh-keygen -q -f ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 -N '' -t ed25519
cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
echo "* $(cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub)" >>~/.ssh/known_hosts
chmod go-w ~ ~/.ssh; chmod ugo-x,go-w ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

逐行解释：

1. 如果.ssh目录还不存在，则创建该目录
2. 如果还不存在，请创建新的私钥/公钥对
3. 将新的公钥添加到我们的authorized_keys文件中，即允许我们在没有密码的情况下登录
4. 将计算机的公共主机密钥添加到我们的known_hosts；这是我们认可和信任的计算机列表
5. 以ssh命令的方式限制对敏感ssh文件的权限