p1/urls.py：
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('t1/', views.t1),
]
p1/views.py：
from django.shortcuts import render
def t1(request):
return render(request, 'p1/t1.html')
p1/templates/p1/t1.html：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<root timestamp="{% now 'Y-m-d H:i:s' %}">...</root>
p1/settings.py：
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Tokyo'
USE_TZ = True
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'p1',
]
p1/tests.py：
from django.test import TestCase
from freezegun import freeze_time
class MyTestCase(TestCase):
@freeze_time('2019-01-02 03:04:05')
def test_freezegun(self):
expected_response = '''
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<root timestamp="2019-01-02 03:04:05">...</root>
'''
response = self.client.get('/t1/')
self.assertXMLEqual(expected_response, response.content.decode(response.charset))
然后，
$ ./manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
F
======================================================================
FAIL: test_freezegun (p1.tests.MyTestCase)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/yuri/_/1/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/freezegun/api.py", line 658, in wrapper
result = func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/yuri/_/1/p1/p1/tests.py", line 12, in test_freezegun
self.assertXMLEqual(expected_response, response.content.decode('utf-8'))
File "/home/yuri/_/1/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 854, in assertXMLEqual
self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg))
AssertionError: 'n <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>n <root timesta [truncated]... != '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>n<root timestamp="2019-01-02 12:04:05">. [truncated]...
-
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
? ------------
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <root timestamp="2019-01-02 03:04:05">...</root>
? ------------ ^^
+ <root timestamp="2019-01-02 12:04:05">...</root>
? ^^
-
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.031s
FAILED (failures=1)
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
我在做什么错？将tz_offset添加到freeze_time无济于事。
这里的事情是，大多数情况下，django将时间戳存储在UTC中。并仅在向用户提供数据时转换为本地时间。因此，我传递给freeze_time的时间被视为UTC，但是模板中的now将其转换为本地时间。因此，我必须要么在expected_response(2019-01-02 12:04:05(中指定本地时间，要么在"冻结时间"字符串(2019-01-02 03:04:05 JST(中指定时区，或添加tz_offset(JST是UTC 9H，所以tz_offset=-9(。