我目前正在App Engine Flexible Environment上建立一个名为Mautic的开源营销软件。然而，我在使用MySQLi将应用程序引擎连接到云SQL MySQL数据库时遇到了问题。Mautic是一个基于Symfony的PHP应用程序。我尝试使用/cloudsql/<instance_connection_name>作为主机，但它不起作用。有人有在应用引擎上部署Mautic的经验吗？或者知道如何解决这个问题吗？
使用TCP和UNIX域套接字从应用程序引擎(FLEX和STANDARD(连接到云SQL 2020
1.创建一个新项目
gcloud projects create con-ae-to-sql
gcloud config set project con-ae-to-sql
gcloud projects describe con-ae-to-sql
2.对您的项目启用计费：https://cloud.google.com/billing/docs/how-to/modify-project
3.运行以下gcloud命令以启用应用程序引擎并创建关联的应用程序资源
gcloud app create -region europe-west2
gcloud app describe
#Remember the location of you App Engine aplication, because we will create all our resources on the same region
4.设置计算项目信息元数据：
gcloud compute project-info describe --project con-ae-to-sql
#Enable the Api, and you can check that default-region,google-compute-default-zone are not set. Set the metadata.
gcloud compute project-info add-metadata --metadata google-compute-default-region=europe-west2,google-compute-default-zone=europe-west2-b
5.启用服务网络Api:
gcloud services list --available
gcloud services enable servicenetworking.googleapis.com
6.创建2个云sql实例(一个带有internall ip，一个带有public ip(-https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/mysql/create-instance:
6.具有外部ip:的云Sql实例
#Create the sql instance in the same region as App Engine Application
gcloud --project=con-ae-to-sql beta sql instances create database-external --region=europe-west2
#Set the password for the "root@%" MySQL user:
gcloud sql users set-password root --host=% --instance database-external --password root
#Create a user
gcloud sql users create user_name --host=% --instance=database-external --password=user_password
#Create a database
gcloud sql databases create user_database --instance=database-external
gcloud sql databases list --instance=database-external
6.b具有内部ip:的云Sql实例
i.#Create a private connection to Google so that the VM instances in the default VPC network can use private services access to reach Google services that support it.
gcloud compute addresses create google-managed-services-my-network --global --purpose=VPC_PEERING --prefix-length=16 --description="peering range for Google" --network=default --project=con-ae-to-sql
gcloud services vpc-peerings connect --service=servicenetworking.googleapis.com --ranges=google-managed-services-my-network --network=default --project=con-ae-to-sql
#Check whether the operation was successful.
gcloud services vpc-peerings operations describe --name=operations/pssn.dacc3510-ebc6-40bd-a07b-8c79c1f4fa9a
#Listing private connections
gcloud services vpc-peerings list --network=default --project=con-ae-to-sql
ii.Create the instance:
gcloud --project=con-ae-to-sql beta sql instances create database-ipinternal --network=default --no-assign-ip --region=europe-west2
#Set the password for the "root@%" MySQL user:
gcloud sql users set-password root --host=% --instance database-ipinternal --password root
#Create a user
gcloud sql users create user_name --host=% --instance=database-ipinternal --password=user_password
#Create a database
gcloud sql databases create user_database --instance=database-ipinternal
gcloud sql databases list --instance=database-ipinternal
gcloud sql instances list
gcloud sql instances describe database-external
gcloud sql instances describe database-ipinternal
#Remember the instances connectionName
好的，所以我们有两个mysql实例，我们将使用无服务器访问和TCP从App Engine Standard连接到数据库ipinternal，使用unix域套接字从App Engine Standard连接到数据库external，使用TCP从App EngineFlex连接到数据库ip internal，并使用unix域socket从App Engineflex连接到数据库外部。
7.启用云SQL管理API
gcloud services list --available
gcloud services enable sqladmin.googleapis.com
8.目前应用引擎标准环境不支持使用TCP连接到云SQL实例。除非您配置了Serverless VPC access，否则您的代码不应该尝试使用IP地址(如127.0.0.1或172.17.0.1(访问实例。因此，让我们配置Serverless VPCAccess。
8.a确保为您的项目启用无服务器VPC访问API：
gcloud services enable vpcaccess.googleapis.com
8.b创建连接器：
gcloud compute networks vpc-access connectors create serverless-connector --network default --region europe-west2 --range 10.10.0.0/28
#Verify that your connector is in the READY state before using it
gcloud compute networks vpc-access connectors describe serverless-connector --region europe-west2
9.应用程序引擎使用服务帐户授权您连接云SQL。此服务帐户必须具有正确的IAM权限才能成功连接。除非另有配置，否则默认服务帐户的格式为service-PROJECT_NUMBER@gae-api-prod.google.com.iam.gserviceaccount.com.确保您服务的服务帐户具有以下IAM角色：云SQL客户端，并且为了在内部ip上从应用程序引擎标准连接到云SQL，我们还需要角色计算网络用户。
gcloud iam service-accounts list
gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding con-ae-to-sql --member serviceAccount:con-ae-to-sql@appspot.gserviceaccount.com --role roles/cloudsql.client
gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding con-ae-to-sql --member serviceAccount:con-ae-to-sql@appspot.gserviceaccount.com --role roles/compute.networkUser
现在我配置了设置
1.使用Tcp和unix domanin套接字从App Engine Standard连接到Cloud Sql
cd app-engine-standard/
ls
#app.yaml main.py requirements.txt
cat requirements.txt
Flask==1.1.1
sqlalchemy
pymysql
uwsgi==2.0.18
cat app.yaml
runtime: python37
entrypoint: uwsgi --http-socket :8080 --wsgi-file main.py --callable app --master --processes 1 --threads 2
vpc_access_connector:
name: "projects/con-ae-to-sql/locations/europe-west2/connectors/serverless-connector"
cat main.py
from flask import Flask
import pymysql
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
# If `entrypoint` is not defined in app.yaml, App Engine will look for an app
# called `app` in `main.py`.
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def hello():
engine_tcp = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://user_name:user_password@internal-ip-of-database-ipinternal:3306')
existing_databases_tcp = engine_tcp.execute("SHOW DATABASES;")
con_tcp = "Connecting from APP Engine Standard to Cloud SQL using TCP: databases => " + str([d[0] for d in existing_databases_tcp]).strip('[]') + "n"
engine_unix_socket = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://user_name:user_password@/user_database?unix_socket=/cloudsql/con-ae-to-sql:europe-west2:database-external')
existing_databases_unix_socket = engine_unix_socket.execute("SHOW DATABASES;")
con_unix_socket = "Connecting from APP Engine Standard to Cloud SQL using Unix Sockets: tables in sys database: => " + str([d[0] for d in existing_databases_unix_socket]).strip('[]') + "n"
return con_tcp + con_unix_socket
gcloud app deploy -q
gcloud app browse
#Go to https://con-ae-to-sql.appspot.com
#Connecting from APP Engine Standard to Cloud SQL using TCP: databases => 'information_schema', 'user_database', 'mysql', 'performance_schema', 'sys' Connecting from APP Engine Standard to Cloud SQL using Unix Sockets: tables in sys database: => 'information_schema', 'user_database', 'mysql', 'performance_schema', 'sys'
成功！
2.使用Tcp和unix domanin套接字从App Engine Flex连接到Cloud Sql
cd app-engine-flex/
ls
#app.yaml main.py requirements.txt
cat requirements.txt
Flask==1.1.1
gunicorn==19.9.0
sqlalchemy
pymysql
cat app.yaml
runtime: python
env: flex
entrypoint: gunicorn -b :$PORT main:app
runtime_config:
python_version: 3
#Using TCP and unix sockets domain
beta_settings:
cloud_sql_instances: con-ae-to-sql:europe-west2:database-ipinternal=tcp:3306,con-ae-to-sql:europe-west2:database-external
manual_scaling:
instances: 1
resources:
cpu: 1
memory_gb: 0.5
disk_size_gb: 10
cat main.py
from flask import Flask
import pymysql
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def hello():
engine_tcp = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://user_name:user_password@internal-ip-of-database-ipinternal:3306')
existing_databases_tcp = engine_tcp.execute("SHOW DATABASES;")
con_tcp = "Connecting from APP Engine Flex to Cloud SQL using TCP: databases => " + str([d[0] for d in existing_databases_tcp]).strip('[]') + "n"
engine_unix_socket = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://user_name:user_password@/user_database?unix_socket=/cloudsql/con-ae-to-sql:europe-west2:database-external')
existing_databases_unix_socket = engine_unix_socket.execute("SHOW DATABASES;")
con_unix_socket = "Connecting from APP Engine Flex to Cloud SQL using Unix Sockets: tables in sys database: => " + str([d[0] for d in existing_databases_unix_socket]).strip('[]') + "n"
return con_tcp + con_unix_socket
gcloud app deploy -q
gcloud app browse
#Go to https://con-ae-to-sql.appspot.com
#Connecting from APP Engine Flex to Cloud SQL using TCP: databases => 'information_schema', 'marian', 'mysql', 'performance_schema', 'sys' Connecting from APP Engine Flex to Cloud SQL using Unix Sockets: tables in sys database: => 'information_schema', 'marian', 'mysql', 'performance_schema', 'sys'
成功！
AppEngineFlex提供了两种不同的连接方式：通过unix套接字或TCP端口。我认为从Mautic连接到MySQL没有什么特别之处，所以请确保您的连接设置与app.yaml.一致
通过Unix套接字连接
您的app.yaml应包含以下内容：
beta_settings:
cloud_sql_instances: "<CONNECTION_NAME>"
您的连接字符串将如下所示：mysql:dbname=DATABASE;unix_socket=/cloudsql/CONNECTION_NAME
通过TCP端口连接
你的app.yaml应该是这样的：
beta_settings:
cloud_sql_instances: "<CONNECTION_NAME>=tcp:3306"
您的连接字符串将如下所示："mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=DATABASE;"
您可以在GAE Flexible/CloudSQL文档中找到更多信息和示例。