如何使用反射或任何其他 API 初始化最终类中的私有变量

Question

这听起来可能很尴尬，但我正在尝试在最终类中初始化一个私有变量。我已经做过很多次了，我知道它使用Reflection效果很好，但我从来没有在最后一堂课上真正做到这一点。由于我无法实例化类，因此我无法传递任何对象来设置变量，这就是我卡住的地方。

期末课

public final class LoggingHandler implements ILoggingHandler {
private Log generalLog; 
/**
 * @param log The general log.
 */
private void setGeneralLog(Log log) {
    generalLog = log;
}
/**
 * @return The general log.
 */
private Log getGeneralLog() {
    return generalLog;
}

朱尼特

@Test
public void testSendDocuments() throws Exception {
    AppContext.setApplicationContext( applicationContext );
    IClientUserDto iClientUserDto = mock( IClientUserDto.class );
    DocusignRESTProvider docusignRestProvider = new DocusignRESTProvider();
    docusignRestProvider.setLoggingHandler( iloggingHandler );
    docusignRestProvider.setDocumentManager( iDocumentManager );
    docusignRestProvider.setConfiguration( iProviderConfiguration );
    docusignRestProvider.setManager( iManager );
    Field field = LoggingHandler.class.getDeclaredField( "generalLog" );
    field.setAccessible( true );
    field.set( new Object(), log );
    when( iTransformer.transformRequest( any( SendDocumentsTransformerArgs.class ) ) ).thenReturn( iTransformerResult );
    docusignRestProvider.sendDocuments( iClientUserDto, iDocumentSet );
}

log是一个被嘲笑的对象。

堆栈跟踪：

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Can not set org.apache.commons.logging.Log field com.mercuryinsurance.esignature.common.logging.LoggingHandler.generalLog to java.lang.Object
at sun.reflect.UnsafeFieldAccessorImpl.throwSetIllegalArgumentException(UnsafeFieldAccessorImpl.java:164)
at sun.reflect.UnsafeFieldAccessorImpl.throwSetIllegalArgumentException(UnsafeFieldAccessorImpl.java:168)
at sun.reflect.UnsafeFieldAccessorImpl.ensureObj(UnsafeFieldAccessorImpl.java:55)
at sun.reflect.UnsafeObjectFieldAccessorImpl.set(UnsafeObjectFieldAccessorImpl.java:75)
at java.lang.reflect.Field.set(Field.java:741)
at test.com.mercuryinsurance.esignature.integration.provider.docusign.rest.TestDocusignRESTProvider.testSendDocuments(TestDocusignRESTProvider.java:167)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.junit.internal.runners.TestMethod.invoke(TestMethod.java:66)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:310)
at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie$2.run(MethodRoadie.java:86)
at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(MethodRoadie.java:94)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:294)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTestInSuper(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:127)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:82)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:282)
at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runTest(MethodRoadie.java:84)
at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.run(MethodRoadie.java:49)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.invokeTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:207)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.runMethods(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:146)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$1.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:120)
at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runUnprotected(ClassRoadie.java:34)
at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runProtected(ClassRoadie.java:44)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:122)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.run(JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.java:106)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.run(AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.java:53)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner.run(PowerMockRunner.java:59)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)

有人可以让我知道还有什么其他方法来测试这种情况以及如何测试吗？

谢谢

Answer 1

您误用了final类的概念。 最终类可以实例化，不能继承。因此，在您的情况下，LoggingHandler可以而且应该实例化，除非它的构造函数是私有的。但是，如果它的构造函数是私有的 - 这样的类实现接口有什么意义？

您应该为Log字段创建公共资源库和 getter，实例化一个LoggingHandler实例，并在测试中传递Log对象的模拟。您可以稍后在该模拟上进行所需的任何验证。