我目前正在我的 xcode 项目中测试我的 cocoapod，在 xcode 中运行我的应用程序时收到以下错误。
"线程 1：致命错误：解开可选值时意外发现 nil">
我知道这与解开可选值有关，但我不确定问题是什么。知道我做错了什么吗？
运行我的应用时引发错误
我附上了我的.swift文件以供参考
import Foundation
import CoreLocation
import UserNotifications
open class Rule {
public let notificationCenter = UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
public let action: Action
public let enabled: Bool
public let id: String
public let geofence: Geofence
public let name: String
public let trigger: Trigger
public let locationManager: CLLocationManager = CLLocationManager()
public init (ruleDict: NSDictionary) {
self.action = Action(actionDict: ruleDict["action"] as! NSDictionary)
self.enabled = ruleDict["enabled"] as! Bool
self.id = ruleDict["id"] as! String
self.geofence = Geofence(geofenceDict: ruleDict["geofence"] as! NSDictionary)
self.name = ruleDict["name"] as! String
self.trigger = Trigger(triggerDict: ruleDict["trigger"] as! NSDictionary)
}
open func initGeofence() {
// do something
let geofenceRegionCenter = self.geofence.center
let geofenceRegion = CLCircularRegion(center: geofenceRegionCenter, radius: CLLocationDistance(self.geofence.radiusSize), identifier: self.id)
geofenceRegion.notifyOnExit = true
geofenceRegion.notifyOnEntry = true
locationManager.startMonitoring(for: geofenceRegion)
}
open func scheduleNotification() {
if (self.getActionType() == "notification") {
let content = UNMutableNotificationContent()
content.body = self.action.message!
let center = self.geofence.center
let region = CLCircularRegion(center: center, radius: self.geofence.radiusSize, identifier: self.id)
switch self.getTriggerType() {
case "enters":
region.notifyOnEntry = true
region.notifyOnExit = false
case "exits":
region.notifyOnEntry = false
region.notifyOnExit = true
case "returns":
region.notifyOnEntry = true
region.notifyOnExit = false
default:
region.notifyOnEntry = true
region.notifyOnExit = false
}
let trigger = UNLocationNotificationTrigger(region: region, repeats: true)
let request = UNNotificationRequest(identifier: self.id, content: content, trigger: trigger)
notificationCenter.add(request) { (error) in
if error != nil {
print("(String(describing: error))") // compiler warning patched
} else {
print("Added notification to center")
}
}
} else {
// print("Not a notification")
}
}
open func removeNotification() {
notificationCenter.removePendingNotificationRequests(withIdentifiers: [self.id])
}
open func getActionType() -> String {
return self.action.actionType.rawValue
}
open func getTriggerType() -> String {
return self.trigger.triggerType.rawValue
}
open func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
willPresent notification: UNNotification,
withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void) {
// Play sound and show alert to the user
print("Showing notification")
completionHandler([.alert,.sound])
}
open func triggerSegue(segueID: String) {
// TODO: implement
print("We need to trigger (segueID)")
}
}
open class Trigger {
public enum triggerType: String {
case enters
case exits
case dwells
case returns
}
public let time: Int
public let triggerType: triggerType
public init (triggerDict: NSDictionary) { // time is 0 when not a dwell rule
if let t = triggerDict["time"] as? Int {
self.time = t
} else {
self.time = 0
}
let triggerTypeStr = triggerDict["triggerType"] as! String
switch triggerTypeStr {
case "enters":
self.triggerType = .enters
case "exits":
self.triggerType = .exits
case "dwells":
self.triggerType = .dwells
case "returns":
self.triggerType = .returns
default:
self.triggerType = .enters
}
}
}
open class Geofence {
public let center: CLLocationCoordinate2D
public let radiusSize:Double
public let geofenceType:geofenceType
public enum geofenceType: String {
case radius
case polygon
}
public init(geofenceDict: NSDictionary) {
let centerDict = geofenceDict["center"] as! NSDictionary
let latStr = centerDict["lat"] as! String
let lonStr = centerDict["lon"] as! String
let lat = Double(latStr)!
let lon = Double(lonStr)!
self.center = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(lat, lon)
let radiusSize = geofenceDict["radiusSize"] as! Double
self.radiusSize = radiusSize
let geofenceTypeStr = geofenceDict["geofenceType"] as! String
switch geofenceTypeStr { // polygon not supported yet
case "radius":
self.geofenceType = .radius
default:
self.geofenceType = .radius
}
}
}
open class Action {
public let actionType: actionType
public enum actionType: String {
case notification
case segue
case monitor
case http
}
public var message:String?
public var segueID:String?
public init(actionDict: NSDictionary) {
let actionTypeStr = actionDict["actionType"] as! String
switch actionTypeStr {
case "notification":
self.actionType = .notification
self.message = (actionDict["message"] as! String)
case "segue":
self.actionType = .segue
self.segueID = (actionDict["segueID"] as! String)
case "monitor":
self.actionType = .monitor
case "http":
self.actionType = .http
default:
self.actionType = .monitor
}
}
}
open class NotifyResponse {
public let triggered:Bool
public let message:String
public var action:Action?
public var httpResponse:NSDictionary?
public var segueID:String?
public init(responseDict: NSDictionary) {
self.triggered = responseDict["triggered"] as! Bool
self.message = responseDict["message"] as! String
if (self.triggered) {
if let actionDict = responseDict["action"] as? NSDictionary {
self.action = Action(actionDict: actionDict)
print("Type in constructor: (self.getActionType())")
if (self.getActionType() == "segue") {
self.segueID = action?.segueID
}
} else if let httpResponseDict = responseDict["httpResponse"] as? NSDictionary {
self.httpResponse = httpResponseDict
}
}
}
open func getHTTPResponse() -> NSDictionary? {
return self.httpResponse
}
open func getActionType() -> String {
if let action = self.action {
return action.actionType.rawValue
} else {
return ""
}
}
}
强制解开一个可选值，该值为 nil。这就是它崩溃的原因。您应该安全地打开它。
if let actionDict = dict["action"] as? [String: Any] {
self.action = Action(actionDict: actionDict)
} else {
print("action is empty")
}
您还应该考虑安全地解开所有其他变量的包装。
我建议阅读这个： 如何安全地打开可选
包装可选值，将允许存储零值，因此当人们尝试 类强制转换它并且找到 nil 值，它会使您的应用程序崩溃。
类/对象类可以在 Swift 中强制安全地完成。你 已经做了强制下落，这就是它崩溃的原因。
所以修改你的代码如下，
public init (ruleDict: NSDictionary) {
if ruleDict != nil {
if let action = Action(actionDict: ruleDict["action"] **as?** NSDictionary){
self.action = action
}
if let enabled = ruleDict["enabled"] **as?** Bool {
self.enabled = enabled
}
if let id = ruleDict["id"] **as?** String {
self.id = id
}
if let geofence = Geofence(geofenceDict: ruleDict["geofence"] **as?** NSDictionary) {
self.geofence = geofence
}
if let name = ruleDict["name"] **as?** String {
self.name = name
}
if let trigger = Trigger(triggerDict: ruleDict["trigger"] **as?** NSDictionary) {
self.trigger = trigger
}
}
}
当ruleDict没有密钥"action"崩溃时
if let actionDict = ruleDict["action"] as? [String: Any] {
self.action = Action(actionDict: actionDict)
}
注意
不要使用强制投射
不要在 Swift 中使用
NSDictionary