我在学习C++时创建了一个井字游戏作为我的第一个项目。我还没有看过任何创建井字游戏的视频，我不知道程序员用来制作这个游戏的真正逻辑。但从我自己的角度来看，我设法让我的游戏运行良好，几乎完成了 80%。
所有获胜的可能性都很好，但问题是我们只有 9 次机会，在游戏过程中，CPU在玩家之前输入中已经放置了"X"的地方放置了一个"O"。我已经阻止 CPU 在CPU 的当前输入上执行此操作，但我无法阻止CPU将"O"放在播放器旧输入的"X"上。
我使用了有意义的变量名称，并在我的代码中添加了注释，以便于你们理解。 谢谢。
这段代码在这里很抱歉完整的代码，但没有我的代码我就无法解释。
#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
char board[3][7];
void display(){
int rows, columns;
//********************For Player***********************
int n=9;
while(n-- > 0)
{
int x,y;
cin>>x;
x = (x == 1) ? 0 : x;
x = (x == 2) ? 1 : x;
x = (x == 3) ? 2 : x;
cin>>y;
y = (y == 3) ? 5 : y;
y = (y == 0) ? 1 : y;
y = (y == 2) ? 3 : y;
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( columns = 1 ; columns < 7 ; columns = columns+2 ){
board[ x ][ y ] = 'X';
}
}
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ )
{
for ( columns = 0 ; columns < 7 ; columns++ )
{
cout<< board[rows][columns] ;
}
cout<<"n";
}
cout<<"n";
//***********************For CPU****************************
srand(time(NULL));
int randX = (rand() % 3) + 1;
//To check randX and player x should not be same
while(randX==x){
randX = (rand() % 3) + 1;
}
randX = (randX == 1) ? 0 : randX;
randX = (randX == 2) ? 1 : randX;
randX = (randX == 3) ? 2 : randX;
int randY = (rand() % 3) + 1;
//To check randY and player y should not be same
while(randY==y){
randY = (rand() % 3) + 1;
}
randY = (randY == 3) ? 5 : randY;
randY = (randY == 0) ? 1 : randY;
randY = (randY == 2) ? 3 : randY;
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( columns = 1 ; columns < 7 ; columns = columns+2 ){
board[ randX ][ randY ] = 'O';
}
}
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ )
{
for ( columns = 0 ; columns < 7 ; columns++ )
{
cout<< board[rows][columns] ;
}
cout<<"n";
}
/*Check Winning*/
// All Column Winning Cases
if((board[0][1]=='X') && (board[1][1]=='X') && (board[2][1]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else if((board[0][3]=='X') && (board[1][3]=='X') && (board[2][3]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else if((board[0][5]=='X') && (board[1][5]=='X') && (board[2][5]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
// All Row Winning Cases
else if((board[0][1]=='X') && (board[0][3]=='X') && (board[0][5]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else if((board[1][1]=='X') && (board[1][3]=='X') && (board[1][5]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else if((board[2][1]=='X') && (board[2][3]=='X') && (board[2][5]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
// All Diagnal Winning Cases
else if((board[0][1]=='X') && (board[1][3]=='X') && (board[2][5]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else if((board[0][5]=='X') && (board[1][3]=='X') && (board[2][1]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else
continue;
}
}/*End of function display()*/
void drawBoard()
{
int rows, columns;
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( columns = 0 ; columns < 7 ; columns=columns+2 ){ // to fill every second elemnt of the array .. just increment the counter by 2
board[ rows ][ columns ] = '|';
}
}
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( columns = 1 ; columns < 7 ; columns = columns+2 ){
board[ rows ][ columns ] = ' ';
}
}
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ )
{
for ( columns = 0 ; columns < 7 ; columns++ )
{
cout<< board[rows][columns] ;
}
cout<<"n";
}
display();
}/* end function drawboard */
int main()
{
drawBoard();
return 0;
}
下面是一个从您的代码派生的工作示例。要注意的重要部分是 numberPlacesRemaing 和 cpuPlays。第一个函数计算剩余的可用位置数。然后，CPU 在 1 和剩余数字之间选择一个数字。使用要播放的数字，它按顺序遍历所有可用空间，然后选择要播放的值，同时跳过已放置的空间。我留下了基本的调试语句，但注释掉了。您可以取消注释它们并查看输出，这将详细显示此方法的工作原理。
#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
char board[3][7];
int numberPlacesRemaining()
{
//cout<<"numberPlacesRemainingn";
int numberPlacesRemaining = 9;
for ( int rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( int columns = 1 ; columns < 7 ; columns = columns+2 ){
//cout<<"numberPlacesRemaining: board["<<rows<<"]["<<columns<<"] = "<<board[rows][columns]<<'n';
if( board[rows][columns] != ' ' ){
//cout<<"numberPlacesRemaining: numberPlacesRemaining = "<<numberPlacesRemaining<<'n';
numberPlacesRemaining--;
}
}
}
return numberPlacesRemaining;
}
void cpuPlays(int toPlay)
{
//cout<<"cpuPlays:n";
//cout<<"cpuPlays: toPlay = "<<toPlay<<'n';
for ( int rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( int columns = 1 ; columns < 7 ; columns = columns+2 ){
//cout<<"cpuPlays: board["<<rows<<"]["<<columns<<"] = "<<board[rows][columns]<<'n';
if( board[rows][columns] == ' ' ){
//cout<<"cpuPlays: counts toPlay = "<<toPlay<<'n';
--toPlay;
}
if(toPlay == 0)
{
board[rows][columns] = 'O';
//cout<<"cpuPlays: make play board["<<rows<<"]["<<columns<<"] = "<<board[rows][columns]<<"nn";
return;
}
}
}
}
void display(){
int rows, columns;
//********************For Player***********************
int n=9;
while(n-- > 0) {
int x,y;
cin>>x;
x = (x == 1) ? 0 : x;
x = (x == 2) ? 1 : x;
x = (x == 3) ? 2 : x;
cin>>y;
y = (y == 3) ? 5 : y;
y = (y == 0) ? 1 : y;
y = (y == 2) ? 3 : y;
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( columns = 1 ; columns < 7 ; columns = columns+2 ){
board[ x ][ y ] = 'X';
}
}
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ )
{
for ( columns = 0 ; columns < 7 ; columns++ )
{
cout<< board[rows][columns] ;
}
cout<<"n";
}
cout<<"n";
//***********************For CPU****************************
srand(time(NULL));
int remaning = numberPlacesRemaining();
cout<<"remaing = " << remaning << 'n';
int randX = (rand() % remaning) + 1;
//To check randX and player x should not be same
cpuPlays(randX);
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ )
{
for ( columns = 0 ; columns < 7 ; columns++ )
{
cout<< board[rows][columns] ;
}
cout<<"n";
}
/*Check Winning*/
// All Column Winning Cases
if((board[0][1]=='X') && (board[1][1]=='X') && (board[2][1]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else if((board[0][3]=='X') && (board[1][3]=='X') && (board[2][3]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else if((board[0][5]=='X') && (board[1][5]=='X') && (board[2][5]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
// All Row Winning Cases
else if((board[0][1]=='X') && (board[0][3]=='X') && (board[0][5]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else if((board[1][1]=='X') && (board[1][3]=='X') && (board[1][5]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else if((board[2][1]=='X') && (board[2][3]=='X') && (board[2][5]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
// All Diagnal Winning Cases
else if((board[0][1]=='X') && (board[1][3]=='X') && (board[2][5]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else if((board[0][5]=='X') && (board[1][3]=='X') && (board[2][1]=='X')){
cout<<"You won the game"<<endl;
break;
}
else
continue;
}
}/*End of function display()*/
void drawBoard()
{
int rows, columns;
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( columns = 0 ; columns < 7 ; columns=columns+2 ){ // to fill every second elemnt of the array .. just increment the counter by 2
board[ rows ][ columns ] = '|';
}
}
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( columns = 1 ; columns < 7 ; columns = columns+2 ){
board[ rows ][ columns ] = ' ';
}
}
for ( rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ) {
for ( columns = 0 ; columns < 7 ; columns++ ) {
cout<< board[rows][columns] ;
}
cout<<"n";
}
display();
}/* end function drawboard */
int main()
{
drawBoard();
return 0;
}
第二个版本 - 更加模块化，并包含与问题相关的评论中的所有想法。
#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
char board[3][3] = {{' ', ' ', ' '},{' ', ' ', ' '},{' ', ' ', ' '}};
int numberPlacesRemaining()
{
int numberPlacesRemaining = 9;
for ( int rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( int columns = 0 ; columns < 3 ; columns++ ){
if( board[rows][columns] != ' ' ){
numberPlacesRemaining--;
}
}
}
return numberPlacesRemaining;
}
void toPlay(int row, int column, char player){
board[row][column] = player;
}
void toPlay(int play, char player){
for ( int rows = 0 ; rows < 3 ; rows++ ){
for ( int columns = 0 ; columns < 3 ; columns++ ){
if( board[rows][columns] == ' ' ){
--play;
}
if(play == 0)
{
board[rows][columns] = player;
return;
}
}
}
}
void cpuPlays()
{
srand(time(NULL));
int remaning = numberPlacesRemaining();
int choice = (rand() % remaning) + 1;
cout << "cpu plays" << std::endl;
toPlay(choice,'O');
}
void drawBoard()
{
for( int row = 0 ; row < 3 ; row++ )
{
cout << '|' << board[row][0] << '|' << board[row][1] << '|' << board[row][2] << '|' << 'n';
}
}
bool hasAlreadyBeenPlayed(int row, int column)
{
return board[row][column] != ' ';
}
void playerPlays()
{
cout<<"Your Moven";
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
do{
cout<<"Position down? ";
do{
cin>>x;
if( x < 1 || x > 3 )
{
cout<<"Plese pick a number between 1 and 3. ";
x = 0;
}
} while(x==0);
cout<<"Position across? ";
do {
cin>>y;
if( y < 1 || y > 3 )
{
cout<<"Plese pick a number between 1 and 3. ";
y = 0;
}
} while(y==0);
x--;y--;
if(hasAlreadyBeenPlayed(x,y))
{
cout<<"Sorry, but that location has alreayd benn played. Please try agian.n";
}
} while(hasAlreadyBeenPlayed(x,y));
toPlay(x,y,'X');
}
char whoWonAcross() {
for(int row = 0; row < 3; row++){
if( board[row][0] != ' '){
if( board[row][0] == board[row][1] && board[row][0] == board[row][2] ){
return board[row][0];
}
}
}
return ' ';
}
char whoWonUpwards() {
for(int column = 0; column < 3; column++){
if( board[0][column] != ' '){
if( board[0][column] == board[1][column] && board[0][column] == board[2][column] ){
return board[0][column];
}
}
}
return ' ';
}
char whoWonDiagonal() {
if( board[1][1] != ' '){
if( board[1][1] == board[0][0] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] ){
return board[1][1];
}
if ( board[1][1] == board[0][2] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] ){
return board[1][1];
}
}
return ' ';
}
char whoWon()
{
char result = whoWonAcross();
if( result != ' ' ) return result;
result = whoWonUpwards();
if( result != ' ' ) return result;
result = whoWonDiagonal();
if( result != ' ' ) return result;
return ' ';
}
bool gameOver()
{
char who = whoWon();
if( who == ' ') {
if( numberPlacesRemaining() == 0 ){
cout << "Draw game!";
return true;
}
return false;
}
cout << "Congratulations to " << who << " for such an excelent game." << std::endl;
return true;
}
void display(){
for(drawBoard();;){
playerPlays();
drawBoard();
if(gameOver() ){
break;
}
cpuPlays();
drawBoard();
if(gameOver() ){
break;
}
}
}
int main()
{
display();
return 0;
}