为什么精灵渲染在对象上?

Question

我想像本教程一样在图片上渲染一个立方体。问题是它只呈现图片，而立方体不呈现。你可以帮我吗？谢谢

m_spriteBatch->Begin();
m_spriteBatch->Draw(m_background.Get(), m_fullscreenRect);
//
// Clear the back buffer
//
g_pImmediateContext->ClearRenderTargetView( g_pRenderTargetView, Colors::MidnightBlue );
g_pImmediateContext->ClearDepthStencilView(g_pDepthStencilView, D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH, 1.0f, 0);
g_pImmediateContext->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &g_pRenderTargetView, g_pDepthStencilView);

//
// Update variables
//
ConstantBuffer cb;
cb.mWorld = XMMatrixTranspose( g_World );
cb.mView = XMMatrixTranspose( g_View );
cb.mProjection = XMMatrixTranspose( g_Projection );
g_pImmediateContext->UpdateSubresource( g_pConstantBuffer, 0, nullptr, &cb, 0, 0 );
//
// Renders a triangle
//
g_pImmediateContext->VSSetShader( g_pVertexShader, nullptr, 0 );
g_pImmediateContext->VSSetConstantBuffers( 0, 1, &g_pConstantBuffer );
g_pImmediateContext->PSSetShader( g_pPixelShader, nullptr, 0 );
g_pImmediateContext->DrawIndexed( 36, 0, 0 );        // 36 vertices needed for 12 triangles in a triangle list
//
// Present our back buffer to our front buffer
//
m_spriteBatch->End();
g_pSwapChain->Present( 0, 0 );

Answer 1

SpriteBatch批量绘制以提高性能，因此很可能是在立方体绘制之后绘制的。如果要确保首先绘制精灵背景，则需要在提交立方体之前调用End。设置呈现器目标后，还需要调用Begin：

// Clear
g_pImmediateContext->ClearDepthStencilView(g_pDepthStencilView, D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH, 1.0f, 0);
g_pImmediateContext->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &g_pRenderTargetView, g_pDepthStencilView);
// Draw background image
m_spriteBatch->Begin();
m_spriteBatch->Draw(m_background.Get(), m_fullscreenRect);
m_spriteBatch->End();
// Draw objects
context->OMSetBlendState(…);
context->OMSetDepthStencilState(…);
context->IASetInputLayout(…);
context->IASetVertexBuffers(…);
context->IASetIndexBuffer(…);
context->IASetPrimitiveTopology(…);

如果m_background纹理覆盖整个屏幕，则可以省略ClearRenderTargetView。

有关绘制顺序和批处理如何SpriteBatch工作原理的更多信息，请参阅 wiki。

Answer 2

基于@ChuckWalbourn的这个答案，我解决了这个问题。

g_pImmediateContext->ClearRenderTargetView( g_pRenderTargetView, Colors::MidnightBlue );

g_pImmediateContext->ClearDepthStencilView(g_pDepthStencilView, D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH | 
D3D11_CLEAR_STENCIL, 1.0f, 0);

m_spriteBatch->Begin();
m_spriteBatch->Draw(m_background.Get(), m_fullscreenRect);
m_spriteBatch->End();
states = std::make_unique<CommonStates>(g_pd3dDevice);
g_pImmediateContext->OMSetBlendState(states->Opaque(), Colors::Black, 0xFFFFFFFF);
g_pImmediateContext->OMSetDepthStencilState(states->DepthDefault(), 0);
// Set the input layout
g_pImmediateContext->IASetInputLayout(g_pVertexLayout);
UINT stride = sizeof(SimpleVertex);
UINT offset = 0;
g_pImmediateContext->IASetVertexBuffers(0, 1, &g_pVertexBuffer, &stride, &offset);
// Set index buffer
g_pImmediateContext->IASetIndexBuffer(g_pIndexBuffer, DXGI_FORMAT_R16_UINT, 0);
// Set primitive topology
g_pImmediateContext->IASetPrimitiveTopology(D3D11_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST);
// Draw objects