我正在尝试使用Springs Java-Config在我的应用程序上下文中运行JUNIT功能测试。我不确定这是Spring还是Junit的问题...只是不确定..该应用程序在我的本地服务器（击中DB）上运行良好，但是当我尝试运行测试时，它会弹出炸弹。我刚刚从XML搬到Java Config，因此我可以始终导入XML上下文文件（我知道在测试中有效），但是我宁愿只使用我的Java配置。
我的测试类
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(loader = AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class,
classes = { AppConfig.class, ServletConfig.class })
@EnvironmentConfiguration(db2Enabled = true)
public class EventDAOTest {
stacktrace
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:45 AM com.aoins.config.CachingPropertyFileReader <clinit>
SEVERE: ERROR - Configuration Framework not detected!
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:45 AM com.aoins.config.CachingPropertyFileReader readFile
SEVERE: Unable to build property reference for: (common).
2014-02-04 11:51:45,510 | DEBUG | : | LoggerConfigurer | Msg: Log4j configured with: 'C:/javalog/log4jPCProperties.xml'
2014-02-04 11:51:48,248 | INFO | : | EnvironmentConfigurer | Msg: DB2 Connection was established
2014-02-04 11:51:48,279 | INFO | : | EnvironmentConfigurer | Msg: CICS Connection was established
2014-02-04 11:51:48,279 | INFO | : | EnvironmentConfigurer | Msg: JMS Connection was NOT established according to the configuration
2014-02-04 11:51:48,279 | INFO | : | EnvironmentConfigurer | Msg: EMail Connection was NOT established according to the configuration
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:48 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@215d215d: startup date [Tue Feb 04 11:51:48 EST 2014]; root of context hierarchy
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/associates],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.associate.AssociateDataController.retrieveAssociates(java.lang.String)
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/associateFilterTypes],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.associatefiltertype.AssociateFilterDataController.retrieveEventFilterTypes()
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/associateFilterTypes/{pTypeCode}],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.associatefiltertype.AssociateFilterDataController.retrieveEventFilterType(java.lang.String) throws com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.associatefiltertype.AssociateFilterTypeNotFoundException
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/dateFilterTypes],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.datefiltertype.DateFilterDataController.retrieveEventFilterTypes()
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/dateFilterTypes/{pTypeCode}],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.datefiltertype.DateFilterDataController.retrieveEventFilterType(java.lang.String) throws com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.datefiltertype.DateFilterTypeNotFoundException
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/departments/{pDepartmentCode}],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.department.DepartmentDataController.retrieveDepartment(java.lang.String) throws com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.department.DepartmentNotFoundException
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/divisions],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.division.DivisionDataController.retrieveDivisionsDepartments()
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public java.lang.String com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.EventController.showEvents()
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[//Test],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public java.lang.String com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.EventController.showTests()
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/events/{pEventId}],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.EventDataController.retrieveEvent(java.lang.Integer)
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/events],methods=[GET],params=[page && associateFilter && dateFilter],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.EventDataController.retrieveFiltered(com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.associatefiltertype.AssociateFilterType,com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.datefiltertype.DateFilterType,java.lang.Integer,com.aoins.sales.user.User)
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/events],methods=[POST],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[application/json],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.EventDataController.saveEvent(com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.EventBeanImpl,com.aoins.sales.user.User) throws com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.EventException
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/Public/events],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public java.util.List<com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.Event> com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.EventDataPublicController.doList()
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/Public/events/{pEventId}],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.Event com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.EventDataPublicController.doRetrieve(java.lang.Integer)
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/eventTypes],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.eventtype.EventTypeDataController.retrieveEventTypes()
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
INFO: Mapped "{[/Data/eventTypes/{pTypeCode}],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[application/json],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.ui.ModelMap com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.eventtype.EventTypeDataController.retrieveEventType(java.lang.String) throws com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.eventtype.EventTypeNotFoundException
Feb 4, 2014 11:51:49 AM org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager prepareTestInstance
SEVERE: Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@20c820c8] to prepare test instance [com.aoins.sales.eventplanning.events.EventDAOTest@f7e0f7e]
Throwable occurred: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:101)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:326)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:212)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:232)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:175)
at com.aoins.func.tester.AOSpringFunctionalTester.run(AOSpringFunctionalTester.java:48)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'defaultServletHandlerMapping' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/web/servlet/config/annotation/DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Factory method [public org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport.defaultServletHandlerMapping()] threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: A ServletContext is required to configure default servlet handling
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:592)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1094)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:989)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:700)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:121)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:64)
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91)
... 26 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Factory method [public org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport.defaultServletHandlerMapping()] threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: A ServletContext is required to configure default servlet handling
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:188)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:581)
... 41 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: A ServletContext is required to configure default servlet handling
at java.lang.Throwable.<init>(Throwable.java:67)
at org.springframework.util.Assert.notNull(Assert.java:111)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer.<init>(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer.java:54)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport.defaultServletHandlerMapping(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.java:330)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$104f0b6f.CGLIB$defaultServletHandlerMapping$22(<generated>)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$104f0b6f$$FastClassByCGLIB$$ff8cbba8.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:228)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:326)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$104f0b6f.defaultServletHandlerMapping(<generated>)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:60)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:37)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:611)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:166)
... 42 more
因此，似乎找不到配置框架，但是我一直在关注参考指南和API ...不确定我缺少什么或未正确配置。我正在使用春季4.0，junit 4.10
另外，对于每个测试，它都会引发此错误。对我来说，这意味着它正在尝试再次加载ApplicationContext（PreparereFresh）...每个@test一次 - 对我来说也不有意义...
这里有一些资源：
- contextsconfiguration api
- 春季参考指南
- 春季博客文章
我从弹簧3.2.0移至4.0.3，不得不将我的javax.servlet依赖（以Maven）从Servlet 2.5更新到Servlet 3.0.1。最终依赖性为
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
然后它起作用
您需要用
注释测试类@WebAppConfiguration
使测试环境为您的WebApplicationContext提供了MVC配置所需的模拟ServletContext。
由于几个人提到了servlet版本问题：
从春季4.0开始
您有两个选择：
- 使用3.2.x春季依赖性
＆lt;依赖关系＆gt; ＆lt; groupid＆gt; org.springframework＆lt;/groupid＆gt; ＆lt; artifactid＆gt; spring-test＆lt;/artifactid＆gt; ＆lt;版本＆gt; 3.2.14.Release＆lt;/version＆gt; ＆lt; scope＆gt; test＆lt;/scope＆gt; ＆lt;/depentency＆gt;
- 升级到servlet 3.0
＆lt;依赖关系＆gt; ＆lt; groupid＆gt; javax.servlet＆lt;/groupid＆gt; ＆lt; artifactid＆gt; javax.servlet-api＆lt;/artifactid＆gt; ＆lt;版本＆gt; 3.0.1＆lt;/version＆gt; ＆lt;/depentency＆gt;
gradle
testCompile 'javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api:3.1.0'
注意：即使我正在针对Google App Engine（Servlet 2.4）进行测试，这对我有用，因为它仅用于测试。
https://jira.spring.io/browse/spr-11049
解决此类问题的方法 - 尝试通过SMTH手动强制进口NotFoundClass的进口：c = javax.servlet.sessioncookieconfig.class;
我同意，想法 maven建议我增加依赖性的依赖。突然在pom.xml中出现代码：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
<artifactId>geronimo-servlet_3.0_spec</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
然后我删除了" c = javax.servlet.sessioncookieconfig.class;" - 其中没有必要，而不是加载必要的依赖。
您可以在test ApplicationContext中添加MockServleTContext。MockServleTContext可以在Spring-Test.jar（或Maven依赖性）中找到。您应该（显然）不在生产中使用它，而应仅在您在测试上下文中包含的上下文中注册。
使用@activeProfiles（{" {test"，" default"}）注释