我知道有一些关于这个主题的问题，但我无法得到我正在寻找的答案。所以我还是会问的。我是初学者:)
我有这个简单的功能：
f =[]
def extract_row():
with open('country_codes.txt') as infile:
for line in infile:
x = (line.split()[0])
f.append(x)
print (f)
extract_row()
它运行在python 2.7上，所以我可以获得我需要的信息。
['AD', 'AE', 'AF', 'AG', 'AI', 'AL', 'AM', 'AN', 'AO', 'AQ', 'AR'...
但是当我尝试在python 3.4上运行它时，我收到此错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/juanlozano/Documents/geonames/extractRow.py", line 8, in <module>
extract_row()
File "/Users/juanlozano/Documents/geonames/extractRow.py", line 4, in extract_row
for line in infile:
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/encodings/ascii.py", line 26, in decode
return codecs.ascii_decode(input, self.errors)[0]
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc2 in position 31: ordinal not in range(128).
有人可以提供一些关于它的信息吗？
这些是我正在使用的 txt 文件中的一些行： 在此处输入图像描述
我在谷歌云端硬盘中OCR了你的图像。不完美，但足以复制：
AD AND 20 AN Andorra Andorra la Vella 468. 0 84 EU
AE ARE 784 AE United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi 82,880.0 4,975, 593 AS
AF AFG 4 AF Afghanistan Kabul 647, 500.0 29, 121,286 AS
AG ATG 28 AC Antigua and Barbuda St. John's 443.0 86,754 NA
AI AIA 660 AV Anguilla The Valley 102.0 13, 254 NA
ALE 8 AL Albania Tirana 28,748,0 2,986, 952 EU
ARM 51 AM Armenia Yerevan 29,800.0 2,968,000 AS
ANT 530 NT Willemstad 960. 0 136, 197 NA 24 A0 Angola Luanda 1,246,700.0 13,068,161 AF
AQ 10 AY Antarctica 14,000,000.0 0 AN
AR B2 AR Argentina Buenos Aires 2,766, 890. 0 41,343, 201 SA
AS 16 AQ American Samoa Pago Pago 199.0 57,881 0C
AT 40 AU Austria Vienna 83,858.0 8,205,000 EU
AU AUS 36 AS Australia Canberra 7,686,850.0 21,515,754 OC
AW AA Aruba Oranjestad 193.0 71,566 NA
AX Åland Mariehamn 1,580.0 26,711 EU
AZ AJ Azerbaijan Baku 86,600.0 8,303,512 AS
BA BK Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo 51, 129.0 4,590,000 EU
BB BB Barbados Bridgetown 431. 0 285,653 NA
BD BG Bangladesh Dhaka 144,000.0 156,118,464 AS
BE BE Belgium Brussels 30,510.0 10,403,000 EU
BF UV Burkina Faso Ouagadougou 274,200.0 16, 241, 811 AF
BG BU Bulgaria Sofia 110,910.0 7, 148,785 EU
BH BA Bahrain Manama | 665.0 738,004 AS
BI BY Burundi Bujumbura 27,830.0 9,863, 117 AF
BJ EN Benin Porto-Novo 112,620.0 9,056,010 AF
BL TB Saint Barthélemy Gustavia 21. 0 8, 45 NA
EM BD Bermuda Hamilton 53.0 65,365 NA
BN BX Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan 5,770.0 395,027 AS
B0 BL Bolivia Sucre 1,098,580,0 9,947, 418 SA
BQ Bonaire_328.0 18,012 NA
然后，我输入了您的代码并添加了encoding='ascii'如下所示：
f =[]
def extract_row():
with open('country_codes.txt',encoding='ascii') as infile:
for line in infile:
x = (line.split()[0])
f.append(x)
print (f)
extract_row()
并得到错误UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 763: ordinal not in range(128).
因此，我得出结论，Python出于某种原因认为您的源文件是编码的ascii。首先通过运行 sys.getdefaultencoding() 来检查这一点。您知道源文件的正确编码吗？尝试更改打开文件行中的编码（例如，如上所述更改为encoding=utf-8或iso8859），看看是否有帮助。
使用codecs库来解决这个问题。将您的读取文件代码段替换为以下代码段：
with codecs.open('country_codes.txt','r','utf-8') as infile: