JUnit/Mockito测试用例在调试模式下通过，但在运行模式下不通过

Question

我正在使用以下方法测试我的项目中的概要文件对象更新

import org.apache.commons.collections.MapUtils;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock;
import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
import org.mockito.stubbing.Answer;
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({TxUtils.class})
public class MonitoringProfileServicesImplTest extends MonitoringProfileServicesImpl {
private MutableDataObject mutableDataObject = Mockito.mock(MutableDataObject.class);
@Mock
private PersistenceContext<MutableDataObject> persistenceContext;
@Mock
PersistenceContextHelper persistenceContextHelper;
@Mock
MonitoringDao monitoringDao;
@InjectMocks
private MonitoringProfileServicesImpl service;
private BigInteger profileId;
private Map<String, BigInteger> attributeNameIdMap;
private Map<BigInteger, String> invAttributeNameIdMap;
ResponseBean responseBean = new ResponseBean();

@Before
public void setUp() {
Mockito.when(persistenceContextHelper.getLocalPersistenceContext()).thenReturn(persistenceContext);
profileId = BigInteger.valueOf(Long.valueOf(1L));
attributeNameIdMap = new HashMap<String, BigInteger>();
invAttributeNameIdMap = new HashMap<BigInteger, String>();
attributeNameIdMap.put("key", BigInteger.valueOf(1111L));
invAttributeNameIdMap = MapUtils.invertMap(attributeNameIdMap);
}

@Test
public void testXXXX() {
MonitoringProfile monitoringProfile =  getDummyMonitoringProfileToBeCreated();
TransactionServicePALImpl transactionImpl = Mockito.mock(TransactionServicePALImpl.class);
Mockito.when(transactionImpl.getTM()).thenReturn(new TransactionManagerImplTest());

Mockito.when(mutableDataObject.getId()).thenReturn(BigInteger.valueOf(1000));
Mockito.when(mutableDataObject.getName()).thenReturn("Name");
Mockito.when(persistenceContext.getObjectById(Mockito.any(BigInteger.class))).thenReturn(mutableDataObject);
Mockito.when(monitoringDao.getAttributeIdsForObjectType(Mockito.any(BigInteger.class))).thenReturn(invAttributeNameIdMap);
TxUtils mock = PowerMockito.mock(TxUtils.class);
System.out.println("newresponseBean:::");

PowerMockito.when(mock.doTxRequired(new Callable<Object>() {
@Override
public Object call() throws Exception {
return this;
}
})).thenAnswer(new Answer<ResponseBean>() {
@Override
public ResponseBean answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
responseBean.setResultObj(monitoringProfile);
return responseBean;
}
});

ResponseBean newresponseBean = service.updateMonitoringProfile(monitoringProfile, BigInteger.valueOf(1000));
Assert.assertNotNull(newresponseBean);
Assert.assertNotNull(newresponseBean.getResultObj());
Assert.assertNull(newresponseBean.getErrorObj());
}
}   

**在运行模式下，它在以下线路上出现故障

PowerMockito.when(mock.doTxRequired(new Callable<Object>().....

在调试模式下，它运行良好。**

以下是服务方法代码；

public ResponseBean updateMonitoringProfile(@RequestBody MonitoringProfile profileToUpdate) {         
ResponseBean responseBean = TxUtils.doTxRequired(() -> {
ResponseBean response = new ResponseBean();
try {
PersistenceContext<MutableDataObject> localPersistenceContext = persistenceContextHelper.getLocalPersistenceContext();
MutableDataObject monitoringProfile = localPersistenceContext.getObjectById(profileToUpdate.getId());
ParamsBuilder paramsBuilder = populateProfileParameterValues(profileToUpdate, monitoringProfile).build();
localPersistenceContext.flush();
response.setResultObj(profileToUpdate);
} catch (NotUpdatedException notUpdatedEx) {
notUpdatedEx.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
});
return responseBean;
}

以下是我们在运行模式下运行时遇到的异常；

newresponseBean:::
org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.MissingMethodInvocationException: 
when() requires an argument which has to be 'a method call on a mock'.
For example:
when(mock.getArticles()).thenReturn(articles);
Also, this error might show up because:
1. you stub either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods.
Those methods cannot be stubbed/verified.
Mocking methods declared on non-public parent classes is not supported.
2. inside when() you don't call method on mock but on some other object.

at org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito.when(PowerMockito.java:495) 
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.run(JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.java:37)
at org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:62)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:51)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:237)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:147)

Process finished with exit code -1

Answer 1

如果您的观察结果真的是真的，并且在"调试"模式下执行测试用例时没有遇到这个问题；但是在正常运行测试时它是可靠的，那么它一定是某种时间问题。

我想，您的测试代码中有同步语句，这表明您没有在此处显示的某些代码将使用多个线程？！

因此，鉴于我们将无法重新处理这个问题；这就是我建议你调查的部分。

除此之外："嘲弄规范"部分是错误的。如果您想指示您的环境，当使用某个参数调用静态方法mock.doTxRequired()时，就会发生这种或那种情况。

换句话说：在when()子句中提供新创建的对象是没有意义的。相反：mocking框架将在运行时检查在运行时传递的参数是否等于您在when()子句中指定的对象！由于您没有在匿名内部类中实现equals。。。PowerMock将永远不会确定mock是用该对象调用的。

换句话说：您可能想要使用某个对象，该对象等于将在运行时传递的对象；或者使用类似"any()"之类的参数匹配器(有关详细信息，请参阅此处)。

请注意：如果有可能，请考虑不要使用静态方法调用，避免用PowerMock。

Answer 2

我也遇到了同样的问题。它在运行测试时随机失败，但在调试测试时总是通过。

问题是，我的测试类是从一个基本测试类继承而来的，我在它们中都嘲笑了相同的服务。在移除子类中的mock后，所有内容都修复了