问题以编程方式加载PFX文件

Question

我正在尝试创建一个自签名的证书，然后在某个时候阅读。

这是创建PFX文件的代码：（源）

 public static void CreateSelfSignedCertificate(string subjectName)
        {
            string pathToCertificate = CommonHelper.MapPath($"path_to_certificate/{TokenSigningCertificateName}");
            if (!File.Exists(pathToCertificate))
            {
                // create DN for subject and issuer
                var dn = new CX500DistinguishedName();
                dn.Encode("CN=" + subjectName, X500NameFlags.XCN_CERT_NAME_STR_NONE);
                // create a new private key for the certificate
                CX509PrivateKey privateKey = new CX509PrivateKey();
                privateKey.ProviderName = "Microsoft Base Cryptographic Provider v1.0";
                privateKey.MachineContext = true;
                privateKey.Length = 2048;
                privateKey.KeySpec = X509KeySpec.XCN_AT_SIGNATURE; // use is not limited
                privateKey.ExportPolicy = X509PrivateKeyExportFlags.XCN_NCRYPT_ALLOW_PLAINTEXT_EXPORT_FLAG;
                privateKey.Create();
                // Use the stronger SHA512 hashing algorithm
                var hashobj = new CObjectId();
                hashobj.InitializeFromAlgorithmName(ObjectIdGroupId.XCN_CRYPT_HASH_ALG_OID_GROUP_ID,
                    ObjectIdPublicKeyFlags.XCN_CRYPT_OID_INFO_PUBKEY_ANY,
                    AlgorithmFlags.AlgorithmFlagsNone, "SHA512");
                // add extended key usage if you want - look at MSDN for a list of possible OIDs
                var oid = new CObjectId();
                oid.InitializeFromValue("1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1"); // SSL server
                var oidlist = new CObjectIds();
                oidlist.Add(oid);
                var eku = new CX509ExtensionEnhancedKeyUsage();
                eku.InitializeEncode(oidlist);
                // Create the self signing request
                var cert = new CX509CertificateRequestCertificate();
                cert.InitializeFromPrivateKey(X509CertificateEnrollmentContext.ContextMachine, privateKey, "");
                cert.Subject = dn;
                cert.Issuer = dn; // the issuer and the subject are the same
                cert.NotBefore = DateTime.Now;
                // this cert expires immediately. Change to whatever makes sense for you
                cert.NotAfter = DateTime.Now;
                cert.X509Extensions.Add((CX509Extension) eku); // add the EKU
                cert.HashAlgorithm = hashobj; // Specify the hashing algorithm
                cert.Encode(); // encode the certificate
                // Do the final enrollment process
                var enroll = new CX509Enrollment();
                enroll.InitializeFromRequest(cert); // load the certificate
                enroll.CertificateFriendlyName = subjectName; // Optional: add a friendly name
                string csr = enroll.CreateRequest(); // Output the request in base64
                // and install it back as the response
                enroll.InstallResponse(InstallResponseRestrictionFlags.AllowUntrustedCertificate,
                    csr, EncodingType.XCN_CRYPT_STRING_BASE64, ""); // no password
                // output a base64 encoded PKCS#12 so we can import it back to the .Net security classes
                var base64encoded = enroll.CreatePFX("", // no password, this is for internal consumption
                    PFXExportOptions.PFXExportChainWithRoot);
                File.WriteAllText(pathToCertificate, base64encoded);
            }
        }

这是加载它的代码：

public static X509Certificate2 GetTokenSigningCertificate()
        {
            string pathToCertificate = CommonHelper.MapPath($"path_to_certificate/{TokenSigningCertificateName}");
            X509Certificate2 certificate = new X509Certificate2(pathToCertificate, "");
            return certificate;
        }

问题是我得到了：

在编码或解码操作期间发生错误。 system.security.cryptography.cryptographicexception

在 system.security.cryptography.cryptographicexception.throwcryptographicexception（int32 hr）at system.security.cryptography.x509certificates.x509utils._loadcertfromfile（字符串 文件名，intptr密码，uint32 dwflags，boolean persistkeyset， safecertcontexthandle＆amp;pcertctx）at system.security.cryptography.x509certificates.x509certificate.loadcertificatefromfile（string 文件名，对象密码，x509Keystorageflags keystorageflags）at system.security.cryptography.x509certificates.x509certificate2..ctor（string 文件名，字符串密码）

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

您似乎正在将PFX导出为base64。与证书，密钥，PKCS＃7斑点和PKCS＃8斑点不同，PKCS＃12/PFX BLOB没有定义的PEM标头。结果，PFX读取管道可能没有附加的base64-decode。

因此，简单的答案很可能会用二进制编码（以及File.WriteAllBytes()）而不是base64。