Spark-scala 更改数据帧中列的数据类型

Question

>条件是：以 Data-C 开头的列名是 StringType 列，Data-D 是 DateType 列，Data-N 是 DoubleType 列。我有数据帧，其中所有列的数据类型都是字符串，所以我正在尝试以以下方式更新它们的数据类型：

import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._
import sparkSession.sqlContext.implicits._
val diff_set = Seq("col7", "col8", "col15", "Data-C-col1", "Data-C-col3", "Data-N-col2", "Data-N-col4", "Data-D-col16", "Data-D-col18", "Data-D-col20").toSet
var df = (1 to 10).toDF
df = df.select(df.columns.map(c => col(c).as(c)) ++ diff_set.map(c => lit(null).cast("string").as(c)): _*)
df.printSchema()
// This foreach loop yields slow performance
df.columns.foreach(x => {
if (x.startsWith("Data-C")) {
df = df.withColumn(x, col(x).cast(StringType))
} else if (x.startsWith("Data-D")) {
df = df.withColumn(x, col(x).cast(DateType))
} else if (x.startsWith("Data-N")) {
df = df.withColumn(x, col(x).cast(DoubleType))
}
}
)
df.printSchema()

这可以在 Scala-Spark 中更优雅、更高效(性能方面(完成吗？

Answer 1

检查下面的代码。

scala> df.printSchema
root
|-- value: integer (nullable = false)
|-- Data-C-col1: string (nullable = true)
|-- Data-D-col18: string (nullable = true)
|-- Data-N-col4: string (nullable = true)
|-- Data-N-col2: string (nullable = true)
|-- col15: string (nullable = true)
|-- Data-D-col16: string (nullable = true)
|-- Data-D-col20: string (nullable = true)
|-- col8: string (nullable = true)
|-- col7: string (nullable = true)
|-- Data-C-col3: string (nullable = true)

val colum_datatype_mapping = 
Map(
"Data-C" -> "string",
"Data-D" -> "date",
"Data-N" -> "double"
)

val columns = df
.columns
.map { c =>
val key = c.split("-").init.mkString("-")
if(colum_datatype_mapping.contains(key)) 
col(c).cast(colum_datatype_mapping(key)) 
else 
col(c)
}

scala> df.select(columns:_*).printSchema
root
|-- value: integer (nullable = false)
|-- Data-C-col1: string (nullable = true)
|-- Data-D-col18: date (nullable = true)
|-- Data-N-col4: double (nullable = true)
|-- Data-N-col2: double (nullable = true)
|-- col15: string (nullable = true)
|-- Data-D-col16: date (nullable = true)
|-- Data-D-col20: date (nullable = true)
|-- col8: string (nullable = true)
|-- col7: string (nullable = true)
|-- Data-C-col3: string (nullable = true)