Dekker's 算法在三个过程中无法正常工作



我试图修改著名的"Dekker算法",因此您可以同时将其用于三个进程。这是我的代码:

package DekkersAlgorithm;
class DekkerAlg {
    /* Iterations done by each Thread */
    static final int iterations = 2000000;
    /* Shared variable */
    static volatile int sharedInteger = 0;
    /* P Thread for critical section */
    static volatile boolean wantp = false;
    /* Q Thread for critical section */  
    static volatile boolean wantq = false;
    /* Z Thread for critical section */ 
    static volatile boolean wantz = false;
    /* Thread turn */
    static volatile int turn = 1;
class P extends Thread {
    public void run() {
        for (int i=0; i<iterations; ++i) {
            /* No critical section */
            wantp = true;
            while (wantq || wantz) {
                if (turn == 2) {
                    wantp = false;
                    while (turn == 2)
                        Thread.yield();
                    wantp = true;
                }
            }
            /* Critical section */
            ++sharedInteger;
            /* End critical section */
            turn = 2;
            wantp = false;
        }
    }
}
class Q extends Thread {
    public void run() {
        for (int i=0; i<iterations; ++i) {
            /* No critical section */
            wantq = true;
            while (wantp || wantz) {
                if (turn == 1) {
                    wantq = false;
                    while (turn == 1)
                        Thread.yield();
                    wantq = true;
                }
            }
            /* Critical section */
            --sharedInteger;
            /* End critical section */
            turn = 1;
            wantq = false;
        }
    }
}
class Z extends Thread {
    public void run() {
        for (int i=0; i<iterations; ++i) {
            /* No critical section */
            wantz = true;
            while (wantp || wantq) {
                if (turn == 3) {
                    wantz = false;
                    while (turn == 3)
                        Thread.yield();
                    wantz = true;
                }
            }
            /* Critical section */
            ++sharedInteger;
            /* End critical section */
            turn = 3;
            wantz = false;
        }
    }
}
DekkerAlg() {
    Thread p = new P();
    Thread q = new Q();
    Thread z = new Z();
    p.start();
    q.start();
    z.start();
    try {
        p.join();
        q.join();
        z.join();
        System.out.println("The value of the sharedInteger is " + sharedInteger);
        System.out.println("It should be different from 0.");
    }
    catch (InterruptedException e) {}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
    new DekkerAlg();
  }
}

它在低迭代中运行良好,但当我将此变量设置为500(+)时,程序有时无法完成。我认为livelock发生在最后两个Threads之间,但我需要一条关于如何解决它的线索

你能帮我吗?

我认为您没有正确地扩展turn。在Dekker中,这意味着如果双方都想,谁可以进入他们的CS;这里的意思似乎是如果其他人想进入他们的CS,谁必须等待。对于两个过程,它们是直接对立的;对于3,没有那么多。

一种方法是有一个进程列表,指定若CS存在竞争,谁必须等待谁。这样,如果P&Q想要进入,而Z刚刚退出,Z会被移到列表的末尾,所以你可以在P&问:(如果你可以用原子的方式来表示这个"列表",这是可行的,因为只有6种不同的模式可以表示,那就更好了!)

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