解释"this"指向的位置



我正在学习Chrome扩展教程(完整代码如下)。有一件事我不明白,这与requestKittens方法的第3行有关

        req.onload = this.showPhotos_.bind(this);

和showPhotos方法的第1行:

        var kittens = e.target.responseXML.querySelectorAll('photo');

我试图理解e.target.responseXML是如何指向请求的响应XML的。到目前为止,我的想法如下:在调用此函数的行(requestKittens()的第三行)中,this指向kittenGenerator对象,这意味着kittenGenerator被绑定为showPhotos()的第一个参数。那么showPhotos()中的自变量e应该是kittenGenerator,对吧?

如果这是真的,那么showPhotos()的第一行。。。

var kittens = e.target.responseXML.querySelectorAll('photo');

是说CCD_ 10具有属性CCD_。然而,我在Chrome控制台中检查了这个,但它没有——所以我的逻辑有一个错误。有人能帮忙吗?

// Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
/**
 * Global variable containing the query we'd like to pass to Flickr. In this
 * case, kittens!
 *
 * @type {string}
 */
var QUERY = 'kittens';
var kittenGenerator = {
  /**
   * Flickr URL that will give us lots and lots of whatever we're looking for.
   *
   * See http://www.flickr.com/services/api/flickr.photos.search.html for
   * details about the construction of this URL.
   *
   * @type {string}
   * @private
   */
  searchOnFlickr_: 'https://secure.flickr.com/services/rest/?' +
      'method=flickr.photos.search&' +
      'api_key=90485e931f687a9b9c2a66bf58a3861a&' +
      'text=' + encodeURIComponent(QUERY) + '&' +
      'safe_search=1&' +
      'content_type=1&' +
      'sort=interestingness-desc&' +
      'per_page=20',
  /**
   * Sends an XHR GET request to grab photos of lots and lots of kittens. The
   * XHR's 'onload' event is hooks up to the 'showPhotos_' method.
   *
   * @public
   */
  requestKittens: function() {
    var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
    req.open("GET", this.searchOnFlickr_, true);
    req.onload = this.showPhotos_.bind(this);
    req.send(null);
  },
  /**
   * Handle the 'onload' event of our kitten XHR request, generated in
   * 'requestKittens', by generating 'img' elements, and stuffing them into
   * the document for display.
   *
   * @param {ProgressEvent} e The XHR ProgressEvent.
   * @private
   */
  showPhotos_: function (e) {
    var kittens = e.target.responseXML.querySelectorAll('photo');
    for (var i = 0; i < kittens.length; i++) {
      var img = document.createElement('img');
      img.src = this.constructKittenURL_(kittens[i]);
      img.setAttribute('alt', kittens[i].getAttribute('title'));
      document.body.appendChild(img);
    }
  },
  /**
   * Given a photo, construct a URL using the method outlined at
   * http://www.flickr.com/services/api/misc.urlKittenl
   *
   * @param {DOMElement} A kitten.
   * @return {string} The kitten's URL.
   * @private
   */
  constructKittenURL_: function (photo) {
    return "http://farm" + photo.getAttribute("farm") +
        ".static.flickr.com/" + photo.getAttribute("server") +
        "/" + photo.getAttribute("id") +
        "_" + photo.getAttribute("secret") +
        "_s.jpg";
  }
};
// Run our kitten generation script as soon as the document's DOM is ready.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {
  kittenGenerator.requestKittens();
});
bind的第一个参数定义了部分应用程序的上下文。
req.onload = this.showPhotos_.bind(this);

之所以有效,是因为XMLHttpRequest在其onload处理程序中使用事件作为其第一个参数。这就是e.target的来源。

要给您一个简单的绑定示例,请考虑以下内容:

function add(a, b) {
    return a + b;
}
var addTwo = add.bind(null, 2);
addTwo(10); // yields 12

如果您为bind定义了一个上下文(即null以外的内容),那么您可以在函数中使用this访问该上下文。

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