我有一个xml文件,我需要从一些特定的标记更新一些值。在header
标签中有一些带有名称空间的标签。对于这样的标签,使用find可以工作,但是如果我尝试搜索一些没有名称空间的其他标签,则无法找到它。
我尝试了相对,绝对路径,但没有找到。代码如下:
from lxml import etree
tree = etree.parse('test.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
# get its namespace map, excluding default namespace
nsmap = {k:v for k,v in root.nsmap.iteritems() if k}
# Replace values in tags
identity = tree.find('.//env:identity', nsmap)
identity.text = 'Placeholder' # works fine
e01_0017 = tree.find('.//e01_0017') # does not find
e01_0017.text = 'Placeholder' # and then it throws this ofcourse: AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'text'
# Also tried like this, but still not working
e01_0017 = tree.find('Envelope/Body/IVOIC/UNB/cmp04/e01_0017')
我甚至试图找到例如body
标签,但它也没有找到它。
这是xml结构的样子:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><Envelope xmlns="http://www.someurl.com/TTT" xmlns:env="http://www.someurl.com/TTT_Envelope" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.someurl.com/TTT TTT_INVOIC.xsd"><Header>
<env:delivery>
<env:to>
<env:address>Test</env:address>
</env:to>
<env:from>
<env:address>Test2</env:address>
</env:from>
<env:reliability>
<env:sendReceiptTo/>
<env:receiptRequiredBy/>
</env:reliability>
</env:delivery>
<env:properties>
<env:identity>some code</env:identity>
<env:sentAt>2006-03-17T00:38:04+01:00</env:sentAt>
<env:expiresAt/>
<env:topic>http://www.someurl.com/TTT/</env:topic>
</env:properties>
<env:manifest>
<env:reference uri="#INVOIC@D00A">
<env:description>Doc Name Descr</env:description>
</env:reference>
</env:manifest>
<env:process>
<env:type></env:type>
<env:instance/>
<env:handle></env:handle>
</env:process>
</Header>
<Body>
<INVOIC>
<UNB>
<cmp01>
<e01_0001>1</e01_0001>
<e02_0002>1</e02_0002>
</cmp01>
<cmp02>
<e01_0004>from</e01_0004>
</cmp02>
<cmp03>
<e01_0010>to</e01_0010>
</cmp03>
<cmp04>
<e01_0017>060334</e01_0017>
<e02_0019>1652</e02_0019>
</cmp04>
<e01_0020>1</e01_0020>
<cmp05>
<e01_0022>1</e01_0022>
</cmp05>
</UNB>
</INVOIC>
</Body>
</Envelope>
更新似乎头或信封标签有问题。例如,如果我使用xml不带头和信封信息,那么标签就可以找到。如果我包含信封属性和标题,它将停止查找标签。更新的xml示例与标题信息
事情是你的元素,如e01_0017
也有一个命名空间,它继承了它的命名空间从它的父命名空间,在这种情况下,它一直回到- <Envelope>
。元素的命名空间是- "http://www.someurl.com/TTT"
。
你有两个选择,
-
直接在XPATH中指定命名空间,例如-
e01_0017 = tree.find('.//{http://www.someurl.com/TTT}e01_0017')
Demo (for your xml) -
In [39]: e01_0017 = tree.find('.//{http://www.someurl.com/TTT}e01_0017') In [40]: e01_0017 Out[40]: <Element {http://www.someurl.com/TTT}e01_0017 at 0x2fe78c8>
-
另一个选项是将它添加到
nsmap
中,并为键设置一些默认值,然后在xpath中使用它。例子——nsmap = {(k or 'def'):v for k,v in root.nsmap.items()} e01_0017 = tree.find('.//def:e01_0017',nsmap)