npm install -g karma 错误 MSB4019：找不到导入的项目"C:Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props"

Question

我一直在研究 AngularJS 并按照它的安装步骤进行操作，但是运行步骤 #1 时出现错误：

npm install -g karma

以下是完整输出：

Microsoft Windows [Version 6.2.9200]
(c) 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
C:UsersTravis>node --version
v0.10.18
C:UsersTravis>python --version
Python 2.7.3
C:UsersTravis>npm install -g karma
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/karma
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/karma
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/di
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/socket.io
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/chokidar
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/coffee-script
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/http-proxy
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/colors/0.6.0-1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/rimraf
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/mime
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/useragent
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/graceful-fs
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/lodash
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/log4js
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/q
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/glob
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/connect
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/optimist
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/socket.io
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/di
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/chokidar
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/coffee-script
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/colors/0.6.0-1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/http-proxy
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/rimraf
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/mime
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/useragent
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/graceful-fs
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/lodash
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/log4js
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/q
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/glob
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/connect
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/optimist
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/lru-cache
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/sigmund
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/inherits
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/wordwrap
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/socket.io-client/0.9.16
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/policyfile/0.0.4
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/base64id/0.1.0
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/redis/0.7.3
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/sigmund
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/lru-cache
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/policyfile/0.0.4
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/base64id/0.1.0
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/wordwrap
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/redis/0.7.3
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/inherits
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/socket.io-client/0.9.16
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/pkginfo
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/utile
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/qs/0.6.5
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/1.0.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/formidable/1.0.14
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/0.1.0
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/buffer-crc32/0.2.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/send/0.1.4
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/bytes/0.2.0
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/0.2.0
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/pause/0.0.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/uid2/0.0.2
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/debug
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/methods/0.0.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/pkginfo
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/utile
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/qs/0.6.5
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/0.1.0
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/1.0.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/buffer-crc32/0.2.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/send/0.1.4
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/bytes/0.2.0
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/0.2.0
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/pause/0.0.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/formidable/1.0.14
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/uid2/0.0.2
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/debug
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/methods/0.0.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/0.0.4
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/i
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/deep-equal
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/ncp
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/async
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/0.0.4
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/deep-equal
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/ncp
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/async
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/dequeue/1.0.3
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/async/0.1.15
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/semver
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/i
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/readable-stream
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/dequeue/1.0.3
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/async/0.1.15
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/readable-stream
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/semver
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/xmlhttprequest/1.4.2
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/uglify-js/1.2.5
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/ws
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/active-x-obfuscator/0.0.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/xmlhttprequest/1.4.2
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/uglify-js/1.2.5
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/active-x-obfuscator/0.0.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/ws
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/zeparser/0.0.5
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/zeparser/0.0.5
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/tinycolor
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/commander
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/nan
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/options
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/nan
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/options
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/commander
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/tinycolor
> ws@0.4.30 install C:UsersTravisAppDataRoamingnpmnode_moduleskarmanode_modulessocket.ionode_modulessocket.io
-clientnode_modulesws
> (node-gyp rebuild 2> builderror.log) || (exit 0)

C:UsersTravisAppDataRoamingnpmnode_moduleskarmanode_modulessocket.ionode_modulessocket.io-clientnode_modules
ws>node "C:Program Files (x86)nodejsnode_modulesnpmbinnode-gyp-bin\....node_modulesnode-gypbinnode-gyp.js"
rebuild
Building the projects in this solution one at a time. To enable parallel build, please add the "/m" switch.
C:UsersTravisAppDataRoamingnpmnode_moduleskarmanode_modulessocket.ionode_modulessocket.io-clientnode_module
swsbuildbufferutil.vcxproj(18,3): error MSB4019: The imported project "C:Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" was not found
. Confirm that the path in the <Import> declaration is correct, and that the file exists on disk.
C:UsersTravisAppDataRoamingnpmnode_moduleskarmanode_modulessocket.ionode_modulessocket.io-clientnode_module
swsbuildvalidation.vcxproj(18,3): error MSB4019: The imported project "C:Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" was not found
. Confirm that the path in the <Import> declaration is correct, and that the file exists on disk.
C:UsersTravisAppDataRoamingnpmkarma -> C:UsersTravisAppDataRoamingnpmnode_moduleskarmabinkarma
karma@0.10.2 C:UsersTravisAppDataRoamingnpmnode_moduleskarma
├── di@0.0.1
├── rimraf@2.1.4
├── colors@0.6.0-1
├── graceful-fs@1.2.3
├── mime@1.2.11
├── chokidar@0.6.3
├── q@0.9.7
├── coffee-script@1.6.3
├── minimatch@0.2.12 (sigmund@1.0.0, lru-cache@2.3.1)
├── glob@3.1.21 (inherits@1.0.0)
├── optimist@0.3.7 (wordwrap@0.0.2)
├── lodash@1.1.1
├── useragent@2.0.7 (lru-cache@2.2.4)
├── connect@2.8.8 (methods@0.0.1, uid2@0.0.2, cookie-signature@1.0.1, pause@0.0.1, fresh@0.2.0, bytes@0.2.0, qs@0.6.5, b
uffer-crc32@0.2.1, cookie@0.1.0, debug@0.7.2, formidable@1.0.14, send@0.1.4)
├── http-proxy@0.10.3 (pkginfo@0.2.3, utile@0.1.7)
├── log4js@0.6.8 (dequeue@1.0.3, semver@1.1.4, async@0.1.15, readable-stream@1.0.17)
└── socket.io@0.9.16 (base64id@0.1.0, policyfile@0.0.4, redis@0.7.3, socket.io-client@0.9.16)

听起来正在运行的 MSBuild 版本（我相信是 12.0）没有正确解析vcxproj文件中的$(VCTargetsPath)变量。

Answer 1

对于那些在使用 Windows SDK 安装 VS 并尝试 Besrl 的解决方案后仍然遇到错误的人，特别是node-gyp失败

Error MSB4019: The imported project "X:Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" was not found ，

尝试从 MSVS 命令提示符运行npm install命令。

在Start menu> Microsoft Visual Studio 201X> Visual Studio Tools> Open Visual Studio 201X Tools Command Prompt找到它或从命令提示符运行<Program Files><VS dir>Common7ToolsVsDevCmd.bat。

以上内容对VS2012有用，这个Github评论帮助我找到了它。

Answer 2

在将 VS Express 2013 for web 与 VS Express 2012 for Windows 一起安装后，我在其他模块上遇到了同样的问题。解决方案是安装适用于Windows的VS 2013并使用交换机

npm install --msvs_version=2013

Answer 3

确保您拥有运行node-gyp所需的所有软件：

• https://github.com/TooTallNate/node-gyp

你可以通过环境变量配置gyp使用的 Visual Studio 版本，这样就不必为将来的安装设置 --msvs_version=2012 属性。

例子：

• 为 Visual Studio 2012 设置GYP_MSVS_VERSION=2012
• 套装GYP_MSVS_VERSION=2013e（"e"代表"速成版"）

有关完整列表，请参阅 - https://github.com/joyent/node/blob/v0.10.29/tools/gyp/pylib/gyp/MSVSVersion.py#L209-294

对于NodeJS的Windows用户来说，这仍然是痛苦的，因为它假设你安装了Python和Visual Studio的副本，但许多最终用户永远不会拥有这个。所以我正在游说 Joyent 鼓励他们将 Web 套接字作为 CORE 节点的一部分，并将 GNU gcc 编译器作为 NodeJS 安装的一部分发布，以便我们可以永久解决此问题。

请随时在以下位置添加您的投票：

• https://github.com/joyent/node/issues/8005#issuecomment-50545326

Answer 4

在Windows上，我发现解决此问题的最简单方法是按照README for node-gyd的建议安装Windows构建工具

npm install --global --production windows-build-tools

https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp

这样我就不必自己安装python或其他dist软件包了。

Answer 5

如果你根本没有

安装Visual Studio，那么你肯定需要 https://stackoverflow.com/a/18779641/530967 答案。

基本上，您必须安装某些版本的Visual Studio 2010（Express版本是免费的），然后是Windows SDK，然后是VS SP1，然后是VC++编译器更新，所有这些都按此顺序排列。之后，这个问题应该消失了（就像它对我所做的那样）。