我对kivy很陌生，正在使用python开发一个简单的应用程序。我想在 kivy 中创建一个应用程序，该应用程序包括左侧窗格中的常量菜单项和右侧大窗格或屏幕上的各自屏幕。但是我无法在kivy示例以及YouTube视频教程和Google中找到解决方案。请检查我的简单代码并参考一些解决方案。
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.base import runTouchApp
from kivy.uix.floatlayout import FloatLayout
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.properties import NumericProperty
#Code Starts here
Builder.load_string("""
#:import random random.random
#:import NoTransition kivy.uix.screenmanager.NoTransition
<MenuScreen>:
hue: random()
canvas:
Color:
hsv: self.hue, .5, .12
Rectangle:
size: self.size
Button:
text: 'Home'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
Button:
text: 'Login History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
Button:
text: 'Alarm History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
Button:
text: 'User Management'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
Button:
text: 'Call SoS'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
Button:
text: 'Settings'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
Button:
text: 'Call RealTec'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
on_release: root.manager.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
BoxLayout:
size_hint: .5, None
height: 250
pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
orientation: 'vertical'
<HomeScreen>:
hue: random()
canvas:
Color:
hsv: self.hue, .5, .2
Rectangle:
size: self.size
Button:
background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
text: 'Home'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
size: 150, 50
Button:
text: 'Login History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
Button:
text: 'Alarm History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
Button:
text: 'User Management'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
Button:
text: 'Call SoS'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
Button:
text: 'Settings'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
Button:
text: 'Call RealTec'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
Button:
text: 'Main Menu'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
BoxLayout:
size_hint: .5, None
height: 250
pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
orientation: 'vertical'
<LoginHistoryScreen>:
hue: random()
canvas:
Color:
hsv: self.hue, .5, .9
Rectangle:
size: self.size
Button:
text: 'Home'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
Button:
text: 'Login History'
background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
size: 150, 50
Button:
text: 'Alarm History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
Button:
text: 'User Management'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
Button:
text: 'Call SoS'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
Button:
text: 'Settings'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
Button:
text: 'Call RealTec'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
Button:
text: 'Main Menu'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
BoxLayout:
size_hint: .5, None
height: 250
pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
orientation: 'vertical'
<AlarmHistoryScreen>:
hue: random()
canvas:
Color:
hsv: self.hue, .5, .6
Rectangle:
size: self.size
Button:
text: 'Home'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
Button:
text: 'Login History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
Button:
text: 'Alarm History'
background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
size: 150, 50
Button:
text: 'User Management'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
Button:
text: 'Call SoS'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
Button:
text: 'Settings'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
Button:
text: 'Call RealTec'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
Button:
text: 'Main Menu'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
BoxLayout:
size_hint: .5, None
height: 250
pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
orientation: 'vertical'
<UserManagementScreen>:
hue: random()
canvas:
Color:
hsv: self.hue, .5, .8
Rectangle:
size: self.size
Button:
text: 'Home'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
Button:
text: 'Login History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
Button:
text: 'Alarm History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
Button:
text: 'User Management'
background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
size: 150, 50
Button:
text: 'Call SoS'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
Button:
text: 'Settings'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
Button:
text: 'Call RealTec'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
Button:
text: 'Main Menu'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
BoxLayout:
size_hint: .5, None
height: 250
pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
orientation: 'vertical'
<CallSoSScreen>:
hue: random()
canvas:
Color:
hsv: self.hue, .5, .7
Rectangle:
size: self.size
Button:
text: 'Home'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
Button:
text: 'Login History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
Button:
text: 'Alarm History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
Button:
text: 'User Management'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
Button:
text: 'Call SoS'
background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
size: 150, 50
Button:
text: 'Settings'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
Button:
text: 'Call RealTec'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
Button:
text: 'Main Menu'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
BoxLayout:
size_hint: .5, None
height: 250
pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
orientation: 'vertical'
<SettingsScreen>:
hue: random()
canvas:
Color:
hsv: self.hue, .5, .5
Rectangle:
size: self.size
Button:
text: 'Home'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
Button:
text: 'Login History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
Button:
text: 'Alarm History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
Button:
text: 'User Management'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
Button:
text: 'Call SoS'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
Button:
text: 'Settings'
background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
size: 150, 50
Button:
text: 'Call RealTec'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callrealtec'
Button:
text: 'Main Menu'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
BoxLayout:
size_hint: .5, None
height: 250
pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
orientation: 'vertical'
<CallRealTecScreen>:
hue: random()
canvas:
Color:
hsv: self.hue, .5, .4
Rectangle:
size: self.size
Button:
text: 'Home'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.95}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'home'
Button:
text: 'Login History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.88}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'loginhistory'
Button:
text: 'Alarm History'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.81}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'alarmhistory'
Button:
text: 'User Management'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.74}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'usermanagement'
Button:
text: 'Call SoS'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.67}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'callsos'
Button:
text: 'Settings'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.60}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'settings'
Button:
text: 'Call RealTec'
background_color: [1, 2, 1, 2]
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':.05, 'center_y':.53}
size: 150, 50
Button:
text: 'Main Menu'
size_hint: None, None
pos_hint: {'center_x':0.05, 'center_y':0.46}
size: 150, 50
on_release: root.manager.current = 'menu'
BoxLayout:
size_hint: .5, None
height: 250
pos_hint: {'center_x': .5}
orientation: 'vertical'
""")
# Declare both screens
class MenuScreen(Screen):
hue = NumericProperty(0)
pass
class HomeScreen(Screen):
hue = NumericProperty(0)
pass
class LoginHistoryScreen(Screen):
hue = NumericProperty(0)
pass
class AlarmHistoryScreen(Screen):
hue = NumericProperty(0)
pass
class UserManagementScreen(Screen):
hue = NumericProperty(0)
pass
class CallSosScreen(Screen):
hue = NumericProperty(0)
pass
class SettingsScreen(Screen):
hue = NumericProperty(0)
pass
class CallRealTecScreen(Screen):
hue = NumericProperty(0)
pass
sm = ScreenManager()
sm.add_widget(MenuScreen(name='menu'))
sm.add_widget(HomeScreen(name='home'))
sm.add_widget(LoginHistoryScreen(name='loginhistory'))
sm.add_widget(AlarmHistoryScreen(name='alarmhistory'))
sm.add_widget(UserManagementScreen(name='usermanagement'))
sm.add_widget(CallSosScreen(name='callsos'))
sm.add_widget(CallRealTecScreen(name='callrealtec'))
sm.add_widget(SettingsScreen(name='settings'))
class TestApp(App):
def build(self):
return sm
if __name__ == '__main__':
TestApp().run()
我没有通读你的代码。您应该提供一个最小、完整且可验证的示例。也就是说，这里有一个简短的例子，你可以在此基础上进行构建。从该示例中得出的主要结论是，您不必将ScreenManager添加为顶级小部件。
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.label import Label
class Manager(ScreenManager):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(Manager, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
for i in range(4):
txt = 'Screen {}'.format(i)
lbl = Label(text=txt)
screen = Screen(name=txt)
screen.add_widget(lbl)
self.add_widget(screen)
class Nav(GridLayout):
def __init__(self, sm=None, *args, **kwargs):
super(Nav, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.sm = sm
self.rows = 4
self.size_hint = (.2, 1)
for i in range(4):
self.add_widget(Button(text="Screen {}".format(i), on_release=self.change))
def change(self, btn):
self.sm.current = btn.text
class Root(BoxLayout):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(Root, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.orientation = "horizontal"
sm = Manager()
self.add_widget(Nav(sm=sm))
self.add_widget(sm)
class TestApp(App):
def build(App):
return Root()
if __name__ == '__main__':
TestApp().run()