如何在没有sudo的情况下安装红宝石宝石

Question

配置新计算机（Mac OS Mojave -10.14.2）。

使用rbenv安装Ruby后。我正在尝试安装一些宝石并运行：

gem install rake bundler rspec rubocop pry pry-byebug hub colored octoki

但它给我以下错误：

ERROR:  While executing gem ... (TypeError)
    incompatible marshal file format (can't be read)
    format version 4.8 required; 60.33 given

这是我的宝石env：

RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.7.6
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.5.3 (2018-10-18 patchlevel 105) [x86_64-darwin18]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/elise/.rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0
  - USER INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/elise/.gem/ruby/2.5.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /Users/elise/.rbenv/versions/2.5.3/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /Users/elise/.rbenv/versions/2.5.3/bin
  - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /Users/elise/.gem/specs
  - SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY: /Users/elise/.rbenv/versions/2.5.3/etc
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86_64-darwin-18
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /Users/elise/.rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0
     - /Users/elise/.gem/ruby/2.5.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
     - :sources => ["http://gems.rubyforge.org/", "http://gems.github.com"]
     - :benchmark => false
     - "gem" => "--no-document"
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - http://gems.rubyforge.org/
     - http://gems.github.com
  - SHELL PATH:
     - /Users/elise/.rbenv/versions/2.5.3/bin
     - /usr/local/Cellar/rbenv/1.1.1/libexec
     - ./bin
     - ./node_modules/.bin
     - /Users/elise/.rbenv/shims
     - /Users/elise/.rbenv/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/bin
     - /bin
     - /usr/sbin
     - /sbin
     - /usr/local/sbin

有人知道这个错误来自何处吗？感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

您只能在宝石配置中启用非常旧的（不保留）远程宝石源。这可能是由一些旧的迁移配置或遵循一些非常旧且过时的建议引起的。

要解决此问题，您首先需要删除过时的宝石源，然后添加唯一应使用的GEM源。为此，您可以从终端运行以下命令：

gem sources --remove http://gems.github.com/
gem sources --remove http://gems.rubyforge.org/
gem sources --add https://rubygems.org/

Answer 2

您必须删除所有的宝石源，然后添加https://rubygems.org/。请注意，http://gems.rubyforge.org/和http://gems.github.com永久死亡，应删除。您可以通过运行：

列出您的资源

gem sources 

您应该得到这样的东西：

*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
//gems.rubyforge.org/
//gems.github.com

1）删除所有资源：

gem sources -r http://gems.rubyforge.org/
gem sources -r http://gems.github.com

2）添加正确的来源：

gem sources -a https://rubygems.org/

另外，从不 sudo gem install

希望这会有所帮助！