如何在根CA下生成服务器和客户端证书

Question

因此，我一直在尝试在python客户端和python服务器之间建立SSL连接，在该连接中，两者都有单独的证书来相互验证，并且两个证书都由一个CA(恰好也是根CA)签名。这应该使它们对彼此都有效，对吗？

到目前为止，我的方法是创建一个能完成所有任务的bash脚本：

1. 它为根CA生成私钥
2. 它使用根CA私钥生成根CA证书
3. 它为服务器生成私钥
4. 它为服务器生成CSR
5. 它使用服务器CSR和根CA证书生成服务器Cert
6. 它为客户端生成私钥
7. 它为客户端生成CSR
8. 它使用客户端CSR和根CA证书生成客户端证书

#!/bin/bash
BOLD=$(tput bold)
CLEAR=$(tput sgr0)
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating RSA AES-256 Private Key for Root Certificate Authority${CLEAR}"
openssl genrsa -aes256 -out Root.CA.example.llc.key 4096
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating Certificate for Root Certificate Authority${CLEAR}"
openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key Root.CA.example.llc.key -sha256 -days 1825 -out Root.CA.example.llc.pem
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating RSA Private Key for Server Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl genrsa -out server/example.llc.server.key 4096
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating Certificate Signing Request for Server Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl req -new -key server/example.llc.server.key -out server/example.llc.server.csr
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating Certificate for Server Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl x509 -req -in server/example.llc.server.csr -CA Root.CA.example.llc.pem -CAkey Root.CA.example.llc.key -CAcreateserial -out server/example.llc.server.crt -days 1825 -sha256 -extfile server/example.llc.server.ext
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating RSA Private Key for Client Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl genrsa -out client/example.llc.client.key 4096
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating Certificate Signing Request for Client Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl req -new -key client/example.llc.client.key -out client/example.llc.client.csr
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating Certificate for Client Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl x509 -req -days 1825 -in client/example.llc.client.csr -CA Root.CA.example.llc.pem -CAkey Root.CA.example.llc.key -set_serial 01 -out client/example.llc.client.crt
echo "Done!"

服务器加载这些凭据：

cntx = SSL.Context(...)
# ...
cntx.use_privatekey_file('example.llc.server.key')
cntx.use_certificate_file('example.llc.server.cert')
cntx.load_verify_locations('../Root.CA.example.llc.pem')

客户端加载以下凭据：

cntx = SSL.Context(...)
# ...
cntx.use_privatekey_file('example.llc.client.key')
cntx.use_certificate_file('example.llc.client.cert')
cntx.load_verify_locations('../Root.CA.example.llc.pem')

服务器像火箭一样发射

server = SSL.Connection(cntx, socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM))
server.bind(('localhost', 44000))
server.listen(1)
server.setblocking(1)
cli, addr = server.accept()

客户端尝试连接

SSL.Connection(cntx, socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM))
sock.connect(('localhost', 44000))

然后我被这种疯狂所打击：

OpenSSL.SSL.Error: [('SSL routines', 'ssl3_read_bytes', 'tlsv1 alert unknown ca')]

在这一点上，我不确定客户端和服务器证书是否应该由根CA签名，客户端证书是否应该应由服务器证书签名，或者我是否对所有这些证书信任链SSL/TLS魔法巫师的巫毒疯狂感到疯狂。请帮忙。

Answer 1

这就是她写的全部内容！

Steve E.指出，证书需要验证，因此罪魁祸首是自签名的客户端证书。

openssl verify -verbose -CAfile Root.CA.example.llc.pem server/example.llc.server.crt
openssl verify -verbose -CAfile Root.CA.example.llc.pem client/example.llc.client.crt

这是新的autogen代码：

#!/bin/bash
BOLD=$(tput bold)
CLEAR=$(tput sgr0)
iterate=(server/ client/)
for dir in "${iterate[@]}"; do
[[ ! -d "$dir" ]] && mkdir -p "$dir" 
&& echo -e "${BOLD}directory '$dir' was created ${CLEAR}"
done
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating RSA AES-256 Private Key for Root Certificate Authority${CLEAR}"
openssl genrsa -aes256 -out Root.CA.example.llc.key 4096
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating Certificate for Root Certificate Authority${CLEAR}"
openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key Root.CA.example.llc.key -sha256 -days 1825 -out Root.CA.example.llc.pem
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating RSA Private Key for Server Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl genrsa -out server/example.llc.server.key 4096
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating Certificate Signing Request for Server Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl req -new -key server/example.llc.server.key -out server/example.llc.server.csr
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating Certificate for Server Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl x509 -req -in server/example.llc.server.csr -CA Root.CA.example.llc.pem -CAkey Root.CA.example.llc.key -CAcreateserial -out server/example.llc.server.crt -days 1825 -sha256 -extfile server/example.llc.server.ext
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating RSA Private Key for Client Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl genrsa -out client/example.llc.client.key 4096
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating Certificate Signing Request for Client Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl req -new -key client/example.llc.client.key -out client/example.llc.client.csr
echo -e "${BOLD}Generating Certificate for Client Certificate${CLEAR}"
openssl x509 -req -in client/example.llc.client.csr -CA Root.CA.example.llc.pem -CAkey Root.CA.example.llc.key -CAcreateserial -out client/example.llc.client.crt -days 1825 -sha256
echo "Done!"

祝所有试图为客户端/服务器系统创建具有双面身份验证的自签名根CA的人好运！