我一直在做一个项目，在这个项目中，我需要一个包含患者信息的列表。此列表必须保证优先级和有限的等待时间。
长话短说，我得到这个错误：
main:malloc.c:2372:sysmalloc:Assertion`（old_top==（（mbinptr）（（（char*）&（（av）->bins[（（1）-1）*2]））-_builtin_offsetof（structmalloc_chunk，fd））&；old_size==0）||（（unsigned long）（old_size）>=（unsigned-long）（（（__builtin_offsetof（structmalloc_chunk，fd_nextsize））+（（2*（sizeof（size_t）））-1））~（（2*（sizeof（size_t））-1））&；（（old_top）->size&0x1）&；（（无符号长）old_end&pagemask）==0）'失败。
list.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "structFifo.h"
//------------------------------------------
typedef struct _nodo{
schedato Pschedato;
int age;
struct _nodo *next;
struct _nodo *prev;
}nodo;
typedef nodo* lista;
//------------------------------------------
lista riavvolgi(lista l);
//------------------------------------------
lista rimuovi_in_testa(lista l){
while(l->next!=NULL){
l=l->next;
}
l=l->prev;
free(l->next);
l->next=NULL;
l=riavvolgi(l);
return l;}
//------------------------------------------
lista crea_nodo(schedato *tipo){
lista nodo=(lista)malloc(sizeof(nodo));
nodo->Pschedato=*tipo;
nodo->next=NULL;
nodo->prev=NULL;
nodo->age=0;
printf("--[CREANODO]--// n.reparto %d n_sintomo %d gravita %d codicecartella %dn",nodo->Pschedato.n_reparto,nodo->Pschedato.n_sintomo,nodo->Pschedato.gravita,nodo->Pschedato.codiceCartella);
printf("grandezza nodo allocato %dn",(int)sizeof(nodo));
return nodo;}
//-------------------------------------------
lista inserisci(lista l, schedato * tipo){
lista nodo=crea_nodo(tipo);
printf("Nuovo nodo creato e inizializzato, procedo con l'inserimenton");
if(l==NULL){
printf("lista vuota,metto in testan");
//printf("N.Reparto:%d ; N.Sintomo:%d ; Gravita:%d ; CodiceCartella:%dn",tipo->n_reparto,tipo->n_sintomo,tipo->gravita,tipo->codiceCartella);
return nodo;
}
else{
printf("ELSEn");
while((l->next!=NULL) && (l->next->Pschedato.gravita<nodo->Pschedato.gravita)){
if(l->next->age<2){
l->next->age++;
l=l->next;
}
else{
break;
}
}
nodo->next=l->next;
nodo->prev=l->prev;
l->next=nodo;
nodo->next->prev=nodo;
nodo=riavvolgi(nodo);
}
return nodo;}
main.c
#include "lista.c"
main(){
lista listaRep=NULL;
printf("Grandezza lista allocata %dn",(int)sizeof(listaRep));
schedato p1;
schedato p2;
schedato p3;
schedato p4;
schedato p5;
//------------------------------
p1.n_reparto=1;
p1.n_sintomo=3;
p1.gravita=3;
p1.codiceCartella=1000;
//----------------------------
p2.n_reparto=1;
p2.n_sintomo=4;
p2.gravita=4;
p2.codiceCartella=1001;
//----------------------------
p3.n_reparto=1;
p3.n_sintomo=5;
p3.gravita=5;
p3.codiceCartella=1002;
//----------------------------
p4.n_reparto=1;
p4.n_sintomo=6;
p4.gravita=6;
p4.codiceCartella=1003;
//----------------------------
p5.n_reparto=1;
p5.n_sintomo=7;
p5.gravita=7;
p5.codiceCartella=1004;
listaRep=inserisci(listaRep,&p1);
listaRep=inserisci(listaRep,&p2);
listaRep=inserisci(listaRep,&p3);
listaRep=inserisci(listaRep,&p4);
listaRep=inserisci(listaRep,&p5);
printf("La lista sarà stampata partendo dall'ultimo elemento(che verrà visto come il primo, leggere al contrario)n");
stampaLista(listaRep);
}
structFifo.h
typedef struct{
int n_reparto;
int n_sintomo;
int gravita;
int codiceCartella;
}schedato;
我还有valgrind的输出：
--6112-- REDIR: 0x4eb9750 (malloc) redirected to 0x4c2ab10 (malloc)
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x40069E: crea_nodo (lista.c:32)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc048 is 0 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4006A6: crea_nodo (lista.c:33)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc058 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4006B2: crea_nodo (lista.c:34)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc060 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==6112==
==6112== Invalid write of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006BE: crea_nodo (lista.c:35)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc050 is 8 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid read of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006C9: crea_nodo (lista.c:36)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc04c is 4 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid read of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006D0: crea_nodo (lista.c:36)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc048 is 0 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
--[CREANODO]--// n.reparto 1 n_sintomo 3 gravita 3 codicecartella 1000
grandezza nodo allocato 8
--6112-- REDIR: 0x4ebfac0 (strlen) redirected to 0x4c2e0e0 (strlen)
Nuovo nodo creato e inizializzato, procedo con l'inserimento
lista vuota,metto in testa
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x40069E: crea_nodo (lista.c:32)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc098 is 0 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4006A6: crea_nodo (lista.c:33)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0a8 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4006B2: crea_nodo (lista.c:34)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0b0 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==6112==
==6112== Invalid write of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006BE: crea_nodo (lista.c:35)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0a0 is 8 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid read of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006C9: crea_nodo (lista.c:36)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc09c is 4 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid read of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006D0: crea_nodo (lista.c:36)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc098 is 0 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
--[CREANODO]--// n.reparto 1 n_sintomo 4 gravita 4 codicecartella 1001
grandezza nodo allocato 8
Nuovo nodo creato e inizializzato, procedo con l'inserimento
ELSE
==6112== Invalid read of size 8
==6112== at 0x400793: inserisci (lista.c:51)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc058 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid read of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007B6: inserisci (lista.c:61)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc058 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007BE: inserisci (lista.c:61)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0a8 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid read of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007C6: inserisci (lista.c:62)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc060 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==6112==
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007CE: inserisci (lista.c:62)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0b0 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==6112==
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007DA: inserisci (lista.c:63)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc058 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid read of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007E2: inserisci (lista.c:64)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0a8 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007EA: inserisci (lista.c:64)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x20 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== Process terminating with default action of signal 11 (SIGSEGV)
==6112== Access not within mapped region at address 0x20
==6112== at 0x4007EA: inserisci (lista.c:64)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== If you believe this happened as a result of a stack
==6112== overflow in your program's main thread (unlikely but
==6112== possible), you can try to increase the size of the
==6112== main thread stack using the --main-stacksize= flag.
==6112== The main thread stack size used in this run was 8388608.
--6112-- REDIR: 0x4eb9df0 (free) redirected to 0x4c2bd80 (free)
==6112==
==6112== HEAP SUMMARY:
==6112== in use at exit: 16 bytes in 2 blocks
==6112== total heap usage: 2 allocs, 0 frees, 16 bytes allocated
==6112==
==6112== Searching for pointers to 2 not-freed blocks
==6112== Checked 78,464 bytes
==6112==
==6112== LEAK SUMMARY:
==6112== definitely lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==6112== indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==6112== possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==6112== still reachable: 16 bytes in 2 blocks
==6112== suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==6112== Reachable blocks (those to which a pointer was found) are not shown.
==6112== To see them, rerun with: --leak-check=full --show-leak-kinds=all
==6112==
==6112== ERROR SUMMARY: 20 errors from 20 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 1 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007EA: inserisci (lista.c:64)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x20 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 2 of 20:
==6112== Invalid read of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007E2: inserisci (lista.c:64)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0a8 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 3 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007DA: inserisci (lista.c:63)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc058 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 4 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007CE: inserisci (lista.c:62)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0b0 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 5 of 20:
==6112== Invalid read of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007C6: inserisci (lista.c:62)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc060 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 6 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007BE: inserisci (lista.c:61)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0a8 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 7 of 20:
==6112== Invalid read of size 8
==6112== at 0x4007B6: inserisci (lista.c:61)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc058 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 8 of 20:
==6112== Invalid read of size 8
==6112== at 0x400793: inserisci (lista.c:51)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc058 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 9 of 20:
==6112== Invalid read of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006D0: crea_nodo (lista.c:36)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc098 is 0 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 10 of 20:
==6112== Invalid read of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006C9: crea_nodo (lista.c:36)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc09c is 4 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 11 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006BE: crea_nodo (lista.c:35)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0a0 is 8 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 12 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4006B2: crea_nodo (lista.c:34)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0b0 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 13 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4006A6: crea_nodo (lista.c:33)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc0a8 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 14 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x40069E: crea_nodo (lista.c:32)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112== Address 0x51fc098 is 0 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 15 of 20:
==6112== Invalid read of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006D0: crea_nodo (lista.c:36)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc048 is 0 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 16 of 20:
==6112== Invalid read of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006C9: crea_nodo (lista.c:36)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc04c is 4 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 17 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 4
==6112== at 0x4006BE: crea_nodo (lista.c:35)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc050 is 8 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 18 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4006B2: crea_nodo (lista.c:34)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc060 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 19 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x4006A6: crea_nodo (lista.c:33)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc058 is 16 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112==
==6112== 1 errors in context 20 of 20:
==6112== Invalid write of size 8
==6112== at 0x40069E: crea_nodo (lista.c:32)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112== Address 0x51fc048 is 0 bytes after a block of size 8 alloc'd
==6112== at 0x4C2AB80: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==6112== by 0x400687: crea_nodo (lista.c:31)
==6112== by 0x400729: inserisci (lista.c:42)
==6112== by 0x400964: main (main.c:38)
==6112==
==6112== ERROR SUMMARY: 20 errors from 20 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)
Errore di segmentazione (core dump creato)
我可能用valgrind的输出写了太多的东西，但我从来没有用过，老实说，我不是C.的专家
我知道如果你不想检查所有这些东西，那就有点无聊。。。但如果有人愿意帮助我，我会提前感谢他：）
编辑aschepler:
新valgrid错误：
Grandezza lista allocata 8
--2866-- REDIR: 0x4eb9750 (malloc) redirected to 0x4c2ab10 (malloc)
--[CREANODO]--// n.reparto 1 n_sintomo 3 gravita 3 codicecartella 1000
grandezza nodo allocato 8
--2866-- REDIR: 0x4ebfac0 (strlen) redirected to 0x4c2e0e0 (strlen)
Nuovo nodo creato e inizializzato, procedo con l'inserimento
lista vuota,metto in testa
--[CREANODO]--// n.reparto 1 n_sintomo 4 gravita 4 codicecartella 1001
grandezza nodo allocato 8
Nuovo nodo creato e inizializzato, procedo con l'inserimento
ELSE
==2866== Invalid write of size 8
==2866== at 0x4007EA: inserisci (lista.c:64)
==2866== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==2866== Address 0x20 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==2866==
==2866==
==2866== Process terminating with default action of signal 11 (SIGSEGV)
==2866== Access not within mapped region at address 0x20
==2866== at 0x4007EA: inserisci (lista.c:64)
==2866== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==2866== If you believe this happened as a result of a stack
==2866== overflow in your program's main thread (unlikely but
==2866== possible), you can try to increase the size of the
==2866== main thread stack using the --main-stacksize= flag.
==2866== The main thread stack size used in this run was 8388608.
--2866-- REDIR: 0x4eb9df0 (free) redirected to 0x4c2bd80 (free)
==2866==
==2866== HEAP SUMMARY:
==2866== in use at exit: 80 bytes in 2 blocks
==2866== total heap usage: 2 allocs, 0 frees, 80 bytes allocated
==2866==
==2866== Searching for pointers to 2 not-freed blocks
==2866== Checked 78,496 bytes
==2866==
==2866== LEAK SUMMARY:
==2866== definitely lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==2866== indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==2866== possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==2866== still reachable: 80 bytes in 2 blocks
==2866== suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==2866== Reachable blocks (those to which a pointer was found) are not shown.
==2866== To see them, rerun with: --leak-check=full --show-leak-kinds=all
==2866==
==2866== ERROR SUMMARY: 1 errors from 1 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)
==2866==
==2866== 1 errors in context 1 of 1:
==2866== Invalid write of size 8
==2866== at 0x4007EA: inserisci (lista.c:64)
==2866== by 0x40097B: main (main.c:39)
==2866== Address 0x20 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==2866==
==2866== ERROR SUMMARY: 1 errors from 1 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)
Errore di segmentazione (core dump creato)
lista nodo=(lista)malloc(sizeof(nodo));
在这里，您创建了一个名为nodo的变量，它对名为nodo的全局typedef进行阴影处理。sizeof运算符检查的是变量的大小，而不是类型，因此您只为指针分配了足够的内存，而没有为结构分配足够的内存。您需要任一
lista nodo=malloc(sizeof(struct _nodo));
或
lista nodo=malloc(sizeof(*nodo));
（不要投射malloc的结果。）
这就解释了第一个valgrind错误。可能还有其他问题，但一次只能解决一件事。