我正在尝试测试一个计算年龄的类。计算年龄的方法如下:
public static int getAge(LocalDate birthdate) {
LocalDate today = new LocalDate();
Period period = new Period(birthdate, today, PeriodType.yearMonthDay());
return period.getYears();
}
由于我希望JUnit与时间无关,所以我希望today
变量始终为2016年1月1日。为了做到这一点,我试着走Mockito.when
路线,但遇到了麻烦。
我第一次有这个:
public class CalculatorTest {
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
LocalDate today = new LocalDate(2016,1,1);
Mockito.when(new LocalDate()).thenReturn(today);
}
}
但我得到了这个错误:
org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.MissingMethodInvocationException:
when() requires an argument which has to be 'a method call on a mock'.
For example:
when(mock.getArticles()).thenReturn(articles);
Also, this error might show up because:
1. you stub either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods.
Those methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified.
Mocking methods declared on non-public parent classes is not supported.
2. inside when() you don't call method on mock but on some other object.
因此,我尝试在Calculator类中创建一个方法来返回当前日期,如下所示:
public static LocalDate getCurrentDate() {
return new LocalDate();
}
public static int getAge(LocalDate birthdate) {
LocalDate today = getCurrentDate();
Period period = new Period(birthdate, today, PeriodType.yearMonthDay());
return period.getYears();
}
这样我就可以做到:
public class CalculatorTest {
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
CalculatorTest mock = Mockito.mock(CalculatorTest.class);
LocalDate today = new LocalDate(2016,1,1);
Mockito.when(mock.getCurrentDate()).thenReturn(today);
}
}
但我也遇到了同样的问题。那么,关于如何在触发年龄计算时返回预定义的localdate对象,有什么想法吗?
与其嘲笑,我建议使用Joda的DateTimeUtils来"冻结"时间。您还需要在应用程序代码中使用org.joda.time.LocalDate
而不是java.time.LocalDate
。
public class CalculatorTest {
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
DateTimeUtils.setCurrentMillisFixed(new LocalDate(2016,1,1).toDateTimeAtStartOfDay().getMillis());
}
@After
public void tearDown() {
DateTimeUtils.setCurrentMillisSystem();
}
}
对于纯Java,请考虑这里描述的一些方法,特别是注入Clock
或使用PowerMock。
注入Clock
与Joda示例非常相似;您只需要维护自己的静态Clock
。您的应用程序代码如下所示:
static Clock appClock = Clock.systemDefaultZone();
public static int getAge(LocalDate birthdate) {
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now(appClock);
Period period = new Period(birthdate, today, PeriodType.yearMonthDay());
return period.getYears();
}
测试会像这样冻结时间:
public class CalculatorTest {
@Before
public void setUp() {
appClock = Clock.fixed(LocalDate(2016,1,1).toDateTimeAtStartOfDay(), ZoneId.systemDefault());
}
@After
public void tearDown() {
appClock = Clock.systemDefaultZone();
}
}
我建议你用技巧来测试你的方法:
public static int getAge(LocalDate currDate, LocalDate birthdate) {
Period period = new Period(birthdate, currDate, PeriodType.yearMonthDay());
return period.getYears();
}
public static int getAge(LocalDate birthdate) {
return getAge(new LocalDate (), birthdate);
}
我总是使用自己的TimeFactory
来检索应用程序中的当前日期。通过这种方式,我可以灵活地操作它(在JUnit测试期间)。这就是TimeFactory的样子:
public final class TimeFactory {
static int offsetAmount = 0;
static TemporalUnit offsetUnit = ChronoUnit.MILLIS;
public static LocalDateTime getLocalDateTimeNow() {
return LocalDateTime.now().plus(offsetAmount, offsetUnit);
}
public static void reset() {
offsetAmount = 0;
}
public static void travelToPast(int amount, TemporalUnit unit) {
offsetAmount = amount * -1;
offsetUnit = unit;
}
public static void travelToFuture(int amount, TemporalUnit unit) {
offsetAmount = amount;
offsetUnit = unit;
}
}
使用这个TimeFactory,我可以轻松地进行时间旅行:
// start test
TimeFactory.travelToPast(10, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
// continue tests
TimeFactory.reset();
// check that things have happend in the past.
您可以展开此代码来修复时间。